SpringMvc快速入门

1.SpringMVC概述

SpringMVC是一个基于Spring开发的MVC轻量级框架，Spring3.0后发布的组件，SpringMVC和Spring可以无 缝整合，使用DispatcherServlet作为前端控制器，且内部提供了处理器映射器、处理器适配器、视图解析器等组 件，可以简化JavaBean封装，Json转化、文件上传等操作

2.SpringMVC快速入门

  2.1导入spring-mvc坐标

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.7</version>
</dependency>

2.2配置前端控制器DispatcherServlet

        2.2.1在web.xml中配置SpringMVC的前端控制器ServletDispatcher

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--指定springMVC配置文件位置-->
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--服务器启动就创建-->
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

         2.2.2创建springMVC的核心配置文件 spring-mvc.xml，并配置组件扫描web层

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlSchema-instance"
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!-- 组件扫描web层 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/>
    </beans>

2.3编写Controller,配置映射文件

@Controller
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping("/show")
    public String show(){
        System.out.println("show 执行....");
        //视图跳转到index.jsp
        return "/index.jsp";
    }
}