ubuntu 13.04 编译 安装 升级 gcc 4.9.0 address sanitizer

@ 前记：

    最近查一个线上项目的crash，review代码无果，crash几率低，不可在本地环境重现。之后在线上好几个服务器跑valgrind就不crash了。个人猜测可能是跑valgrind后性能下降的比较严重，导致crash那个点触发不到了。

    gcc从4.8开始支持address sanitizer，也比较好用，文章最后会简单分析下用法。

    另我的环境是ubuntu13.04+gcc4.7.3，目标是升级到4.9.0。

@ 编译gcc4.9.0

$wget ftp://mirrors.kernel.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.9.0/gcc-4.9.0.tar.gz
$tar zxvf gcc-4.9.0.tar.gz
$cd gcc-4.9.0
$./contrib/download_prerequisites
$cd ..
$mkdir gcc-build-4.9.0
$cd gcc-build-4.9.0
$../gcc-4.9.0/configure --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
$make -j4
$make install
$gcc -v

补充：我这边编译出来的lib都在路径/usr/local/lib64

@ 用法

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#include <stdio.h>                                                                                   int main()                                                                      {                                                                                   int *p= new int;                                                               delete p;                                                                       *p=10;                                                                        return 0;                                                                   }

这是个访问野指针的程序，但是用gcc编译（不管加不加-g）后运行却不会coredump。有了address sanitize，我们可以这样

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$g++ test.cc -fsanitize=address -g $export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib64/ $./a.out

我摘一部分运行信息贴出来

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==25380==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0x60200000eff0 at pc 0x4007d1 bp 0x7ffffbe70890 sp 0x7ffffbe70888 WRITE of size 4 at 0x60200000eff0 thread T0     #0 0x4007d0 in main /home/parallels/sss/cc/test/test.cc:7     #1 0x7f6454635ea4 in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x21ea4)     #2 0x4006a8 (/home/parallels/sss/cc/test/a.out+0x4006a8) 0x60200000eff0 is located 0 bytes inside of 4-byte region [0x60200000eff0,0x60200000eff4) freed by thread T0 here:     #0 0x7f645525a3e7 in operator delete(void*) ../../../../gcc-4.9.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_new_delete.cc:81     #1 0x400799 in main /home/parallels/sss/cc/test/test.cc:6     #2 0x7f6454635ea4 in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x21ea4) previously allocated by thread T0 here:     #0 0x7f6455259f6f in operator new(unsigned long) ../../../../gcc-4.9.0/libsanitizer/asan/asan_new_delete.cc:50     #1 0x400789 in main /home/parallels/sss/cc/test/test.cc:5     #2 0x7f6454635ea4 in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x21ea4)

这信息够清楚了吧。

@ 后记

    我暂时还没有测它对性能的影响，希望上线后能帮助定位到bug。

@ 补充

  @ ubuntu 14.04LTS+gcc4.8.2，使用sanitize信息不全，定位不到具体行号，动态库好像还用不了

  @ sanitize起作用后，貌似不会再有core产生。

  @ 新机器需要先apt-get gcc g++ make