【NIO】(1) — Buffer

目录

源码翻译

重要属性

重要方法

实操 demo

---

• 源码翻译

package java.nio;

import jdk.internal.HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate;
import jdk.internal.access.JavaNioAccess;
import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;

import java.util.Spliterator;

/**
 * 一个特定基础类型的数据容器。
 * A container for data of a specific primitive type.
 *     缓冲区是特定元素的线性有限序列。
 * <p> A buffer is a linear, finite sequence of elements of a specific
                    除了其内容之外，缓冲区的基本属性是其容量、限制和位置。
 * primitive type.  Aside from its content, the essential properties of a
 * buffer are its capacity, limit, and position: </p>
 *
 * <blockquote>
 *        缓冲区的容量是它包含的元素数。这个缓冲区的容量永远不会是负数，也不会改变。
 *   <p> A buffer's <i>capacity</i> is the number of elements it contains.  The
 *   capacity of a buffer is never negative and never changes.  </p>
 *
 *        缓冲区的限制是第一个不应该读或写的元素的索引。缓冲区的限制从不为负，也从不大于其 capacity
 *   <p> A buffer's <i>limit</i> is the index of the first element that should
 *   not be read or written.  A buffer's limit is never negative and is never
 *   greater than its capacity.  </p>
 *
 *        缓冲区的位置是要读取或写入的下一个元素的索引。缓冲区的位置从不为负，也不大于其 limit
 *   <p> A buffer's <i>position</i> is the index of the next element to be
 *   read or written.  A buffer's position is never negative and is never
 *   greater than its limit.  </p>
 *
 * </blockquote>
 *        对于每个非布尔基元类型，该类有一个子类。
 * <p> There is one subclass of this class for each non-boolean primitive type.
 *
 *
 * <h2> Transferring data </h2>
 *                                                种类
 * <p> Each subclass of this class defines two categories of <i>get</i> and
 * <i>put</i> operations: </p>
 *
 * <blockquote>
 *          相对操作从开始读取或写入一个或多个元素，从当前位置开始，然后按传输的元素数增加位置
 *   <p> <i>Relative</i> operations read or write one or more elements starting
 *   at the current position and then increment the position by the number of
 *                            如果请求的传输超过了限制，
 *   elements transferred.  If the requested transfer exceeds the limit then a
 *                get 会抛出 BufferUnderflowException
 *   relative <i>get</i> operation throws a {@link BufferUnderflowException}
 *                     put 会抛出 BufferOverflowException
 *   and a relative <i>put</i> operation throws a {@link
 *                                无论哪种情况，都不会传输数据。
 *   BufferOverflowException}; in either case, no data is transferred.  </p>
 *
 *            绝对操作采用显式元素索引，不影响位置。
 *   <p> <i>Absolute</i> operations take an explicit element index and do not
 *   affect the position.  Absolute <i>get</i> and <i>put</i> operations throw
 *   an {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} if the index argument exceeds the
 *   limit.  </p>
 *
 * </blockquote>
 *
 *    当然，数据也可以通过一个合适的通道的I/O操作传入或传出缓冲区，该通道始终与当前位置相关。
 * <p> Data may also, of course, be transferred in to or out of a buffer by the
 * I/O operations of an appropriate channel, which are always relative to the
 * current position.
 *
 *        标记和重置
 * <h2> Marking and resetting </h2>
 *     缓冲区的标记是当调用 #reset 方法时，将重置其位置的索引。
 * <p> A buffer's <i>mark</i> is the index to which its position will be reset
 * when the {@link #reset reset} method is invoked.  The mark is not always
 *    标记并不总是被定义的，但是当它被定义时，它从不为负数，也不大于位置。
 * defined, but when it is defined it is never negative and is never greater
 *                        如果定义了标记，则当位置或限值调整为小于标记的值时，该标记将被丢弃。
 * than the position.  If the mark is defined then it is discarded when the
 * position or the limit is adjusted to a value smaller than the mark.  If the
 * 如果未定义标记，则调用 #reset 方法会引发@linkInvalidMarkException。
 * mark is not defined then invoking the {@link #reset reset} method causes an
 * {@link InvalidMarkException} to be thrown.
 *
 *        不变量
 * <h2> Invariants </h2>
 *    以下不变量用于标记、位置、限制和容量值
 * <p> The following invariant holds for the mark, position, limit, and
 * capacity values:
 *
 * <blockquote>
 *     {@code 0} {@code <=}
 *     <i>mark</i> {@code <=}
 *     <i>position</i> {@code <=}
 *     <i>limit</i> {@code <=}
 *     <i>capacity</i>
 * </blockquote>
 *
 *    新创建的缓冲区始终具有零的位置和未定义的标记。
 * <p> A newly-created buffer always has a position of zero and a mark that is
 *             初始限制可以是零，也可以是其他一些值，这取决于缓冲区的类型和构造方式。
 * undefined.  The initial limit may be zero, or it may be some other value
 * that depends upon the type of the buffer and the manner in which it is
 *                新分配的缓冲区的每个元素都初始化为零。
 * constructed.  Each element of a newly-allocated buffer is initialized
 * to zero.
 *
 *        附加操作
 * <h2> Additional operations </h2>
 *    除了访问位置、限制和容量值以及标记和重置的方法外，此类还定义了对缓冲区的以下操作
 * <p> In addition to methods for accessing the position, limit, and capacity
 * values and for marking and resetting, this class also defines the following
 * operations upon buffers:
 *
 * <ul>
 *            使缓冲区为新的通道读取或相对放置操作序列做好准备：
 *   <li><p> {@link #clear} makes a buffer ready for a new sequence of
 *   channel-read or relative <i>put</i> operations: It sets the limit to the
 *    它将设置 limit=capacity ，position=0 .
 *   capacity and the position to zero.  </p></li>
 *
 *           使缓冲区为新的通道写入或相对获取操作序列做好准备
 *   <li><p> {@link #flip} makes a buffer ready for a new sequence of
 *   channel-write or relative <i>get</i> operations: It sets the limit to the
 *    他将设置 limit=position ，position=0 .
 *   current position and then sets the position to zero.  </p></li>
 *
 *                            使缓冲区准备好重新读取它已经包含的数据：
 *   <li><p> {@link #rewind} makes a buffer ready for re-reading the data that
 *                        它保持 limit 不变，position=0 .
 *   it already contains: It leaves the limit unchanged and sets the position
 *   to zero.  </p></li>
 *
 *                          创建缓冲区的子序列：limit 和 position 都不变 .
 *   <li><p> {@link #slice} creates a subsequence of a buffer: It leaves the
 *   limit and the position unchanged. </p>