linux安装mysql

1、下载mysql压缩包
2、将下载的文件夹上传到Linux服务器，放置到 /usr/local目录下 ，然后解压：

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

3、将解压得到的文件夹重命名为mysql
mv mysql-8.0.13-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
4、进入到/usr/local目录下，创建用户和用户组并授权

cd /usr/local/

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

cd mysql/

#注意：进入mysql文件下授权所有的文件

chown -R mysql:mysql ./

5、进入 /usr/local/mysql目录，创建data文件夹

mkdir data

6、初始化数据库，并会自动生成随机密码，记下等下登陆要用

bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

7、修改/usr/local/mysql目录和data文件夹的所属用户和用户组

chown -R root:root ./

chown -R mysql:mysql data

8、在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/目录下创建my-default.cnf ，并修改权限

cd support-files/

touch my-default.cnf

chmod 777 ./my-default.cnf

9、将新建的my-default.cnf 复制到 /etc/my.cnf ，此时两个文件都是空文件

cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

10、编辑my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf

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[mysqld]

Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging

changes to the binary log between backups.

log_bin

These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.

basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
tmpdir = /tmp
#port = 5186
#lower_case_table_names = 1

server_id = …

socket = …

#lower_case_table_names = 1
max_allowed_packet=32M
default-authentication-plugin = mysql_native_password
#lower_case_file_system = on
#lower_case_table_names = 1
log_bin_trust_function_creators = ON

Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.

The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.

Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.

join_buffer_size = 128M

sort_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
11、设置开机自启动mysql

cd support-files/

cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

12、注册服务

chkconfig --add mysql

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12、查看开机自启动是否成功

chkconfig --list mysql

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13、编辑 etc/ld.so.conf，配置下面的路径，不然会报错

vim /etc/ld.so.conf

添加如下内容:
/usr/local/mysql/lib
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14、配置Mysql环境变量

vim /etc/profile

添加如下内容：
#MYSQL ENVIRONMENT
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
添加完之后保存并退出，然后执行

source /etc/profil

15.登陆，这里输入上面第6步随机生成得密码，细心点输入登陆成功后第一时间更改密码，否则无法进行其他操作：

ALTER USER ‘root’@‘localhost’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘password’;
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16、开启Mysql的远程连接

mysql -uroot -p #登录数据库

use mysql;#选择mysql数据库
select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;#查看用户信息
create user ‘username’@’%’ identified by ‘password’;#新建非root用户
ALTER USER ‘username’@’%’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘password’;
#授权新建用户可以远程登陆，并解决密码问题
flush privileges;#立即生效
exit;#退出

service mysql restart#重启mysql服务

注意：此版本的Mysql不支持授权root用户远程登录，所以需要新建非root用户，并且远程登录时也需要使用非root用户登录。

17、开启3306防火墙白名单，即可使用远程连接工具连接成功了。关闭防火墙命令
service firewalld stop
systemctl status firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service