设计模式5-模板模式

模板方法:
一个抽象类:其中有抽象的方法,其他方法有的依赖这个方法
子类去实现这个抽象方法.

比较适用于:在写一个类的时候,有的方法不太确定.或者有不同的实现的时候.
比较常见的的是java io类 里有不少用到模板方法
比如 reader和InputStreamReader

public abstract class Reader implements Readable, Closeable {


    protected Object lock;


    protected Reader() {
        this.lock = this;
    }

    protected Reader(Object lock) {
        if (lock == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException();
        }
        this.lock = lock;
    }


    public int read(java.nio.CharBuffer target) throws IOException {
        int len = target.remaining();
        char[] cbuf = new char[len];
        int n = read(cbuf, 0, len);
        if (n > 0)
            target.put(cbuf, 0, n);
        return n;
    }

    public int read() throws IOException {
        char cb[] = new char[1];
        if (read(cb, 0, 1) == -1)
            return -1;
        else
            return cb[0];
    }


    public int read(char cbuf[]) throws IOException {
        return read(cbuf, 0, cbuf.length);
    }


    abstract public int read(char cbuf[], int off, int len) throws IOException;

    /** Maximum skip-buffer size */
    private static final int maxSkipBufferSize = 8192;

    /** Skip buffer, null until allocated */
    private char skipBuffer[] = null;


    public long skip(long n) throws IOException {
        if (n < 0L)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("skip value is negative");
        int nn = (int) Math.min(n, maxSkipBufferSize);
        synchronized (lock) {
            if ((skipBuffer == null) || (skipBuffer.length < nn))
                skipBuffer = new char[nn];
            long r = n;
            while (r > 0) {
                int nc = read(skipBuffer, 0, (int)Math.min(r, nn));
                if (nc == -1)
                    break;
                r -= nc;
            }
            return n - r;
        }
    }


    public boolean ready() throws IOException {
        return false;
    }


    public boolean markSupported() {
        return false;
    }

    public void mark(int readAheadLimit) throws IOException {
        throw new IOException("mark() not supported");
    }
    public void reset() throws IOException {
        throw new IOException("reset() not supported");
    }
    abstract public void close() throws IOException;

}

public class InputStreamReader extends Reader {

    private final StreamDecoder sd;

    public InputStreamReader(InputStream in) {
        super(in);
        try {
            sd = StreamDecoder.forInputStreamReader(in, this, (String)null); // ## check lock object
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            // The default encoding should always be available
            throw new Error(e);
        }
    }

    public InputStreamReader(InputStream in, String charsetName)
        throws UnsupportedEncodingException
    {
        super(in);
        if (charsetName == null)
            throw new NullPointerException("charsetName");
        sd = StreamDecoder.forInputStreamReader(in, this, charsetName);
    }

    public InputStreamReader(InputStream in, Charset cs) {
        super(in);
        if (cs == null)
            throw new NullPointerException("charset");
        sd = StreamDecoder.forInputStreamReader(in, this, cs);
    }

    public InputStreamReader(InputStream in, CharsetDecoder dec) {
        super(in);
        if (dec == null)
            throw new NullPointerException("charset decoder");
        sd = StreamDecoder.forInputStreamReader(in, this, dec);
    }


    public String getEncoding() {
        return sd.getEncoding();
    }


    public int read() throws IOException {
        return sd.read();
    }


    public int read(char cbuf[], int offset, int length) throws IOException {
        return sd.read(cbuf, offset, length);
    }

    public boolean ready() throws IOException {
        return sd.ready();
    }

    public void close() throws IOException {
        sd.close();
    }
}

模板方法同样的也是为了减少重复和灵活扩展.