C++多线程:使用packaged_task异步执行任务

#include <iostream>     // std::cout
#include <future>       // std::packaged_task, std::future
#include <chrono>       // std::chrono::seconds
#include <thread>       // std::thread, std::this_thread::sleep_for

// count down taking a second for each value:
int countdown(int from, int to) {
    for (int i = from; i != to; --i) {
        std::cout << i << '\n';
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
    }
    std::cout << "Finished!\n";
    return from - to;
}

int main()
{
    // 1.创建一个packaged_task 包装countdown
    std::packaged_task<int(int, int)> task(countdown); 

    // 2.直接获得当前packaged_task的期望对象
    std::future<int> ret = task.get_future(); 

    // 3.使用当前的packaged_task创建线程, countdown已经开始执行
    std::thread th(std::move(task), 10, 0);   

    // 4.死等待, 直到countdown函数退出返回
    int value = ret.get();                    

    std::cout << "The countdown lasted for " << value << " seconds.\n";

    th.join();
    return 0;
}