VGA视频显示

以分辨率640*480为例：

要实现VGA显示很简单，只需要注意时序即可，显示分为四个时期，同步期，后隐期，显示期，前隐期。只要完成对应时期的计数，然后把有效显示时期分配各种颜色即可

所以程序分为两大模块：各个有效信号的计数和对应颜色输出的区域

有效信号计数模块：

module sync_module
 (
 CLK, RSTn,
 VSYNC_Sig, HSYNC_Sig, Ready_Sig,
 Column_Addr_Sig, Row_Addr_Sig
);

input CLK;
input RSTn;
output VSYNC_Sig;
output HSYNC_Sig;
output Ready_Sig;
output [10:0]Column_Addr_Sig;
output [10:0]Row_Addr_Sig;

reg [10:0]Count_H;

always @ ( posedge CLK or negedge RSTn )
if( !RSTn )
 Count_H <= 11'd0;
 else if( Count_H == 11'd800 )
 Count_H <= 11'd0;
 else
Count_H <= Count_H + 1'b1;

reg [10:0]Count_V;

always @ ( posedge CLK or negedge RSTn )
 if( !RSTn )
 Count_V <= 11'd0;
 else if( Count_V == 11'd525 )
 Count_V <= 11'd0;
 else if( Count_H == 11'd800 )
 Count_V <= Count_V + 1'b1;

    reg isReady;
	 /*上面两个always   行场总时间的计数      下面always  找出行场均有效的时间段*/
 always @ ( posedge CLK or negedge RSTn )
 if( !RSTn )
 isReady <= 1'b0;
 else if( ( Count_H > 11'd144 && Count_H < 11'd784 ) &&
( Count_V > 11'd35 && Count_V < 11'd515 ) )
 isReady <= 1'b1;
 else
 isReady <= 1'b0;

assign VSYNC_Sig = ( Count_V <= 11'd2 ) ? 1'b0 : 1'b1;//场同步的时候为零，其余为一，这个是要输出给vga的
assign HSYNC_Sig = ( Count_H <= 11'd96 ) ? 1'b0 : 1'b1;
assign Ready_Sig = isReady;

assign Column_Addr_Sig = isReady ? Count_H - 11'd145 : 11'd0; // Count from 0,也就是行的显示期，只不过让他的计数从零开始
assign Row_Addr_Sig = isReady ? Count_V - 11'd36 : 11'd0; // Count from 0，理由同上，这两个信号就是用来后面模块进行颜色区间分配的

endmodule

颜色分配模块：

module vga_control_module
(CLK, RSTn, Ready_Sig, Column_Addr_Sig, Row_Addr_Sig,data_out );
input CLK;
input RSTn;
input Ready_Sig;
input [10:0]Column_Addr_Sig;
input [10:0]Row_Addr_Sig;

output [15:0]data_out;

/*下面就是各种颜色的定义，原理就是三原色，亮就为1，不亮就为零*/
localparam RED      = 16'hF800;

localparam GREEN     = 16'h07E0;

localparam BLUE      = 16'h001F;

localparam WHITE     = 16'hFFFF;

localparam BLACK     = 16'h0000;

localparam YELLOW    = 16'hFFE0;

localparam CYAN      = 16'hF81F;

localparam ROYAL     = 16'h07FF;

parameter H_DISP = 11'd640;//这两个信号是用来分配颜色区间的
parameter V_DISP  = 10'd480;

reg [15:0]vga_data;

always@(posedge CLK or negedge RSTn)//这里就是颜色分配了，看你自由发挥了

begin

if(!RSTn)

vga_data <= 16'h0;

else

begin

if (Column_Addr_Sig >= 0 && Column_Addr_Sig < (H_DISP>>3)&&Row_Addr_Sig>=0&&Row_Addr_Sig<(V_DISP>>3))

vga_data <= RED;

else if(Column_Addr_Sig >= (H_DISP>>3)&& Column_Addr_Sig < (H_DISP>>3)*2&&Row_Addr_Sig>=(V_DISP>>3)&&Row_Addr_Sig<(V_DISP>>3)*2)

vga_data <= GREEN;

else if(Column_Addr_Sig >= (H_DISP>>3)*2&& Column_Addr_Sig < (H_DISP>>3)*3&&Row_Addr_Sig>=(V_DISP>>3)*2&&Row_Addr_Sig<(V_DISP>>3)*3)

vga_data <= BLUE;

else if(Column_Addr_Sig >= (H_DISP>>3)*3&& Column_Addr_Sig < (H_DISP>>3)*4&&Row_Addr_Sig>=(V_DISP>>3)*3&&Row_Addr_Sig<(V_DISP>>3)*4)

vga_data <= WHITE;

else if(Column_Addr_Sig >= (H_DISP>>3)*4&& Column_Addr_Sig < (H_DISP>>3)*5&&Row_Addr_Sig>=(V_DISP>>3)*4&&Row_Addr_Sig<(V_DISP>>3)*5)

vga_data <= BLACK;

else if(Column_Addr_Sig >= (H_DISP>>3)*5&& Column_Addr_Sig < (H_DISP>>3)*6&&Row_Addr_Sig>=(V_DISP>>3)*5&&Row_Addr_Sig<(V_DISP>>3)*6)

vga_data <= YELLOW;

else if(Column_Addr_Sig >= (H_DISP>>3)*6&& Column_Addr_Sig < (H_DISP>>3)*7&&Row_Addr_Sig>=(V_DISP>>3)*6&&Row_Addr_Sig<(V_DISP>>3)*7)

vga_data <= CYAN;

else// if(vga_xpos >= (H_DISP<<3)*7 && vga_xpos < (H_DISP<<3)*8)

vga_data <= ROYAL;

end

end
		
assign data_out=vga_data;


endmodule

具体理解都在代码中，在此声明，此博文只是粗略写下自己理解，对读者有没有帮助就不清楚了，具体可以移步http://www.cnblogs.com/crazybingo/archive/2011/07/28/2119948.html