Netty4框架的初步使用
Netty4的基本概念网上有很多,这里就不多说,这仅仅只是一个小例子。
功能模块分三部分:
1、Handler,消息处理
2、Client,客户端
3、Server,服务端
结构目录:
代码如下:
- 公用的Handler
package com.zmm.netty4introduction.handler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
public abstract class CommonHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String s) throws Exception {
System.out.println("---" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 收到消息 = "+s);
}
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("---" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 活跃中...");
}
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("---" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 闲置中...");
}
}
- Client端
ClientHandler类:目前未做其他功能,继承公共Handler即可
package com.zmm.netty4introduction.client;
import com.zmm.netty4introduction.handler.CommonHandler;
public class ClientHandler extends CommonHandler {
}
Client类:
package com.zmm.netty4introduction.client;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
public class Client {
private static final String host = "127.0.0.1";
private static final int port = 7878;
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
bootstrap.group(group)
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline p = socketChannel.pipeline();
//String的编码器和解码器,netty提供,要和Server一致
p.addLast(new StringDecoder());
p.addLast(new StringEncoder());
p.addLast(new ClientHandler());
}
});
// 连接服务端
Channel ch = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync().channel();
System.out.println("---Server connect Success---");
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
for (;;) {
System.out.println("请输入:");
String line = in.readLine();
if (line == null) {
continue;
}
ch.writeAndFlush(line + "\r\n");
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
- 服务端
ServerHandler类:这里做了一个处理,当收到客户端数据后,返回一条消息
package com.zmm.netty4introduction.server;
import com.zmm.netty4introduction.handler.CommonHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
public class ServerHandler extends CommonHandler {
private int count = 1;
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String s) throws Exception {
System.out.println("---Server 收到客户端消息 = "+s);
ctx.writeAndFlush("服务端返回信息"+count++);
}
}
Server类:
package com.zmm.netty4introduction.server;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
public class Server {
private static final int port = 7878;
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline p = socketChannel.pipeline();
//String的编码器和解码器,netty提供,要和Client一致
p.addLast(new StringDecoder());
p.addLast(new StringEncoder());
p.addLast(new ServerHandler());
}
});
// 服务器绑定端口监听
Channel ch = bootstrap.bind(port).sync().channel();
System.out.println("---Server Start---");
ch.closeFuture().sync();
} catch (Exception e){
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} finally {
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
注意事项:
1、因为未做特殊处理,所以要先运行Server,再运行Client。
2、若要先运行Client也可以,可以看下一篇,接着会写一篇Netty4长连接的文章,里面会用Msgpack传递数据,其中会包括Tcp长连接、断开重连、心跳监测、Msgpack的编码和解码等。
GitHub:Netty4Introduction
(直接在AndroidStudio上运行即可)