Netty4框架的初步使用

Netty4框架的初步使用

Netty4的基本概念网上有很多，这里就不多说，这仅仅只是一个小例子。

功能模块分三部分：
1、Handler，消息处理
2、Client，客户端
3、Server，服务端

结构目录：

代码如下：

• 公用的Handler

package com.zmm.netty4introduction.handler;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

public abstract class CommonHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {


    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String s) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("---" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 收到消息 = "+s);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("---" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 活跃中...");
    }

    @Override
    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("---" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 闲置中...");
    }

}

• Client端

ClientHandler类：目前未做其他功能，继承公共Handler即可

package com.zmm.netty4introduction.client;

import com.zmm.netty4introduction.handler.CommonHandler;

public class ClientHandler extends CommonHandler {
}

Client类：

package com.zmm.netty4introduction.client;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;

public class Client {

    private static final String host = "127.0.0.1";
    private static final int port = 7878;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(group)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {

                            ChannelPipeline p = socketChannel.pipeline();

                            //String的编码器和解码器,netty提供,要和Server一致
                            p.addLast(new StringDecoder());
                            p.addLast(new StringEncoder());

                            p.addLast(new ClientHandler());
                        }
                    });

            // 连接服务端
            Channel ch = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync().channel();

            System.out.println("---Server connect Success---");

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            for (;;) {
                System.out.println("请输入：");
                String line = in.readLine();
                if (line == null) {
                    continue;
                }

                ch.writeAndFlush(line + "\r\n");
            }
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

• 服务端
  ServerHandler类：这里做了一个处理，当收到客户端数据后，返回一条消息

package com.zmm.netty4introduction.server;

import com.zmm.netty4introduction.handler.CommonHandler;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

public class ServerHandler extends CommonHandler {

    private int count = 1;

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String s) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("---Server 收到客户端消息 = "+s);

        ctx.writeAndFlush("服务端返回信息"+count++);

    }
}

Server类：

package com.zmm.netty4introduction.server;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;

public class Server {

    private static final int port = 7878;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {

            ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                     .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                     .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                         @Override
                         protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {

                             ChannelPipeline p = socketChannel.pipeline();

                             //String的编码器和解码器,netty提供,要和Client一致
                             p.addLast(new StringDecoder());
                             p.addLast(new StringEncoder());

                             p.addLast(new ServerHandler());
                         }

            });

            // 服务器绑定端口监听
            Channel ch = bootstrap.bind(port).sync().channel();

            System.out.println("---Server Start---");

            ch.closeFuture().sync();

        } catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

注意事项：

1、因为未做特殊处理，所以要先运行Server，再运行Client。
2、若要先运行Client也可以，可以看下一篇，接着会写一篇Netty4长连接的文章，里面会用Msgpack传递数据，其中会包括Tcp长连接、断开重连、心跳监测、Msgpack的编码和解码等。

GitHub：Netty4Introduction
（直接在AndroidStudio上运行即可）