用Netty实现的简单HTTP服务器

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最新推荐文章于 2023-04-02 20:39:03 发布

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用Netty实现的一个简单的HTTP服务器，可以处理静态文件，例子中的注释也比较全。主要是对HTTP的理解，接下来的文章中我也会更新一些HTTP相关的文章以及对例子的进一步完善，由浅到深，记录一些我的学习过程！

1.Server

 
public class HttpServer {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 
        ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(new NioServerSocketChannelFactory(
 
                Executors.newCachedThreadPool(), Executors.newCachedThreadPool()));
 
 
 
        bootstrap.setPipelineFactory(new HttpServerPipelineFactory());
 
 
 
        bootstrap.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8080));
 
        System.out.println("服务器已经启动，请访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.html进行测试！\n\n");
 
    }
 
}

2.Pipeline

 
public class HttpServerPipelineFactory implements ChannelPipelineFactory {
 
    public ChannelPipeline getPipeline() throws Exception {
 
        // Create a default pipeline implementation.
 
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = pipeline();
 
 
 
        // Uncomment the following line if you want HTTPS
 
        // SSLEngine engine =
 
        // SecureChatSslContextFactory.getServerContext().createSSLEngine();
 
        // engine.setUseClientMode(false);
 
        // pipeline.addLast("ssl", new SslHandler(engine));
 
 
 
        pipeline.addLast("decoder", new HttpRequestDecoder());
 
        // Uncomment the following line if you don't want to handle HttpChunks.
 
        // pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpChunkAggregator(1048576));
 
        pipeline.addLast("encoder", new HttpResponseEncoder());
 
        // Remove the following line if you don't want automatic content
 
        // compression.
 
        //pipeline.addLast("aggregator", new HttpChunkAggregator(1048576));
 
        pipeline.addLast("chunkedWriter", new ChunkedWriteHandler());
 
        pipeline.addLast("deflater", new HttpContentCompressor());
 
        pipeline.addLast("handler", new HttpRequestHandler());
 
        return pipeline;
 
    }
 
}

3.handler类

 
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.is100ContinueExpected;
 
 
 
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.isKeepAlive;
 
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH;
 
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.COOKIE;
 
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders.Names.SET_COOKIE;
 
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.CONTINUE;
 
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus.OK;
 
import static org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1;
 
 
 
import java.io.File;
 
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
 
import java.util.List;
 
import java.util.Map;
 
import java.util.Map.Entry;
 
import java.util.Set;
 
 
 
import org.jboss.netty.buffer.ChannelBuffer;
 
import org.jboss.netty.channel.Channel;
 
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
 
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
 
import org.jboss.netty.channel.ExceptionEvent;
 
import org.jboss.netty.channel.MessageEvent;
 
import org.jboss.netty.channel.SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.Cookie;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.CookieDecoder;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.CookieEncoder;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpResponse;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpChunk;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpChunkTrailer;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpHeaders;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpMethod;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequest;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponse;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpResponseStatus;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.codec.http.QueryStringDecoder;
 
import org.jboss.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedFile;
 
import org.jboss.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
 
 
 
public class HttpRequestHandler extends SimpleChannelUpstreamHandler {
 
 
 
    private HttpRequest request;
 
    private boolean readingChunks;
 
 
 
    @Override
 
    public void messageReceived(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageEvent e) throws Exception {
 
        if (!readingChunks) {
 
            HttpRequest request = this.request = (HttpRequest) e.getMessage();
 
            String uri = request.getUri();
 
            System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------");
 
            System.out.println("uri:"+uri);
 
            System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------");
 
            /**
 
             * 100 Continue
 
             * 是这样的一种情况：HTTP客户端程序有一个实体的主体部分要发送给服务器，但希望在发送之前查看下服务器是否会
 
             * 接受这个实体，所以在发送实体之前先发送了一个携带100
 
             * Continue的Expect请求首部的请求。服务器在收到这样的请求后，应该用 100 Continue或一条错误码来进行响应。
 
             */
 
            if (is100ContinueExpected(request)) {
 
                send100Continue(e);
 
            }
 
            // 解析http头部
 
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> h : request.getHeaders()) {
 
                System.out.println("HEADER: " + h.getKey() + " = " + h.getValue() + "\r\n");
 
            }
 
            // 解析请求参数
 
            QueryStringDecoder queryStringDecoder = new QueryStringDecoder(request.getUri());
 
            Map<String, List<String>> params = queryStringDecoder.getParameters();
 
            if (!params.isEmpty()) {
 
                for (Entry<String, List<String>> p : params.entrySet()) {
 
                    String key = p.getKey();
 
                    List<String> vals = p.getValue();
 
                    for (String val : vals) {
 
                        System.out.println("PARAM: " + key + " = " + val + "\r\n");
 
                    }
 
                }
 
            }
 
            if (request.isChunked()) {
 
                readingChunks = true;
 
            } else {
 
                ChannelBuffer content = request.getContent();
 
                if (content.readable()) {
 
                    System.out.println(content.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
 
                }
 
                writeResponse(e, uri);
 
            }
 
        } else {// 为分块编码时
 
            HttpChunk chunk = (HttpChunk) e.getMessage();
 
            if (chunk.isLast()) {
 
                readingChunks = false;
 
                // END OF CONTENT\r\n"
 
                HttpChunkTrailer trailer = (HttpChunkTrailer) chunk;
 
                if (!trailer.getHeaderNames().isEmpty()) {
 
                    for (String name : trailer.getHeaderNames()) {
 
                        for (String value : trailer.getHeaders(name)) {
 
                            System.out.println("TRAILING HEADER: " + name + " = " + value + "\r\n");
 
                        }
 
                    }
 
                }
 
                writeResponse(e, "/");
 
            } else {
 
                System.out.println("CHUNK: " + chunk.getContent().toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8)
 
                        + "\r\n");
 
            }
 
        }
 
    }
 
 
 
    private void writeResponse(MessageEvent e, String uri) {
 
        // 解析Connection首部，判断是否为持久连接
 
        boolean keepAlive = isKeepAlive(request);
 
 
 
        // Build the response object.
 
        HttpResponse response = new DefaultHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, OK);
 
        response.setStatus(HttpResponseStatus.OK);
 
        // 服务端可以通过location首部将客户端导向某个资源的地址。
 
        // response.addHeader("Location", uri);
 
        if (keepAlive) {
 
            // Add 'Content-Length' header only for a keep-alive connection.
 
            response.setHeader(CONTENT_LENGTH, response.getContent().readableBytes());
 
        }
 
        // 得到客户端的cookie信息，并再次写到客户端
 
        String cookieString = request.getHeader(COOKIE);
 
        if (cookieString != null) {
 
            CookieDecoder cookieDecoder = new CookieDecoder();
 
            Set<Cookie> cookies = cookieDecoder.decode(cookieString);
 
            if (!cookies.isEmpty()) {
 
                CookieEncoder cookieEncoder = new CookieEncoder(true);
 
                for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
 
                    cookieEncoder.addCookie(cookie);
 
                }
 
                response.addHeader(SET_COOKIE, cookieEncoder.encode());
 
            }
 
        }
 
        final String path = Config.getRealPath(uri);
 
        File localFile = new File(path);
 
        // 如果文件隐藏或者不存在
 
        if (localFile.isHidden() || !localFile.exists()) {
 
            // 逻辑处理
 
            return;
 
        }
 
        // 如果请求路径为目录
 
        if (localFile.isDirectory()) {
 
            // 逻辑处理
 
            return;
 
        }
 
        RandomAccessFile raf = null;
 
        try {
 
            raf = new RandomAccessFile(localFile, "r");
 
            long fileLength = raf.length();
 
            response.setHeader(HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH, String.valueOf(fileLength));
 
            Channel ch = e.getChannel();
 
            ch.write(response);
 
            // 这里又要重新温习下http的方法，head方法与get方法类似，但是服务器在响应中只返回首部，不会返回实体的主体部分
 
            if (!request.getMethod().equals(HttpMethod.HEAD)) {
 
                ch.write(new ChunkedFile(raf, 0, fileLength, 8192));//8kb
 
            }
 
        } catch (Exception e2) {
 
            e2.printStackTrace();
 
        } finally {
 
            if (keepAlive) {
 
                response.setHeader(CONTENT_LENGTH, response.getContent().readableBytes());
 
            }
 
            if (!keepAlive) {
 
                e.getFuture().addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
 
            }
 
        }
 
    }
 
 
 
    private void send100Continue(MessageEvent e) {
 
        HttpResponse response = new DefaultHttpResponse(HTTP_1_1, CONTINUE);
 
        e.getChannel().write(response);
 
    }
 
 
 
    @Override
 
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ExceptionEvent e) throws Exception {
 
        e.getCause().printStackTrace();
 
        e.getChannel().close();
 
    }
 
}

4.配置类

 
public class Config {
 
 
 
    public static String getRealPath(String uri) {
 
        StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder("/home/guolei/workspace/Test/web");
 
        sb.append(uri);
 
        if (!uri.endsWith("/")) {
 
            sb.append('/');
 
        }
 
        return sb.toString();
 
    }
 
}

5.页面

在项目中新建一个文件夹，名称为web（可以在配置中配置），在文件夹中放入静态页面index.html。

6.启动服务器，测试

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用Netty实现的简单HTTP服务器

用Netty实现的一个简单的HTTP服务器，可以处理静态文件，例子中的注释也比较全。主要是对HTTP的理解，接下来的文章中我也会更新一些HTTP相关的文章以及对例子的进一步完善，由浅到深，记录一些我的学习过程！1.Serverpublic class HttpServer { public static void main(String[] args) { ServerBootst
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