The ? 1 ? 2 ? ... ? n = k problem
The ? 1 ? 2 ? ... ? n = k problem |
The problem
Given the following formula, one can set operators '+' or '-' instead of each '?', in order to obtain a given k
? 1 ? 2 ? ... ? n = k
For example: to obtain k = 12 , the expression to be used will be:
- 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 - 7 = 12
with n = 7
The Input
The first line is the number of test cases, followed by a blank line.
Each test case of the input contains integer k (0<=|k|<=1000000000).
Each test case will be separated by a single line.
The Output
For each test case, your program should print the minimal possible n (1<=n) to obtain k with the above formula.
Print a blank line between the outputs for two consecutive test cases.
Sample Input
2 12 -3646397
Sample Output
7 2701
Alex Gevak
September 15, 2000 (Revised 4-10-00, Antonio Sanchez)
这道题代码虽然很简单,但是推导的过程却很难想,粘贴一段别人的想法:
这题无非是这样:±1 ± 2 ± 3 ±…± n = k , 找出满足条件的最小 n 。
令S(n)=1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n. 其中一项为x.
那么S(n)=1 + 2 + 3 + ...+ x + ... + n. 这样结果可能大于等于 | k | ,等于最好,即一次算出。
所以我们把+ x 改成- x,此时得到新的关系:S'(n)=1+2+...-x+...+n.
=> S(n)-S'(n)=2x;且k=S'(n).令y=2x.
利用这个特性,找出一个满足条件的y(即y是偶数)即可。
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,n;
long long int s,t,k,m;
scanf("%d",&n);
while(n--)
{
scanf("%lld",&m);
if(m<0)
{
m=-1*m;
}
s=0;
t=0;
while((s-m)<0)
{
t+=1;
s+=t;
}
if((s-m)%2==0)
{
;
}else
{
t+=1;
s+=t;
if((s-m)%2==0)
{
;
}else
{
t+=1;
}
}
if(m==0)
{
printf("3\n");
}else
{
printf("%lld\n",t);
}
if(n)
{
printf("\n");
}
}
return 0;
}