经过上一篇基于Redis散列类型的改造后,实战练习中的商品管理已经具备了增加、修改整体、修改部分属性和分页查询功能,但仍然不支持删除商品的功能。这是因为商品总数是以一个自增数字记录的,且关联了新商品key的生成,删除商品后不能直接减小总数,进而会影响到分页的计算。
在本节中将完善这个功能,使用一个新的数据类型 - 列表类型(List)来保存所有商品ID,计算商品总量时通过计算列表类型长度获得,删除商品时也同时删除列表中的ID。
列表类型用于存储可重复的字符串列表,内部按照添加的先后保持顺序,在列表两端添加和取出元素非常高效,常见的应用场景是社交网站取出最新发表内容列表,也可以用于实现消息队列。先看常用的操作。
一、常用命令
import java.util.List;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.SortingParams;
import redis.clients.jedis.BinaryClient.LIST_POSITION;
public class ListExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Jedis jedis = JedisProvider.getJedis();
jedis.flushDB();
//lpush 在左边添加
String fruitKey = "fruit";
long lpush = jedis.lpush(fruitKey, "apple");
print("lpush " + fruitKey + " apple=" + lpush);
lpush = jedis.lpush(fruitKey, "banana");
print("lpush " + fruitKey + " banana=" + lpush);
jedis.lpush(fruitKey, "apple");
jedis.lpush(fruitKey, "apple");
jedis.lpush(fruitKey, "orange");
jedis.lpush(fruitKey, "grape");
jedis.lpush(fruitKey, "peach");
jedis.lpush(fruitKey, "lemon");
//rpush 在右边添加
String numberKey = "numbers";
jedis.rpush(numberKey, "5");
jedis.rpush(numberKey, "4");
jedis.rpush(numberKey, "2");
jedis.rpush(numberKey, "1");
//lrange 获得列表片段
print("lrange " + fruitKey + " [0,-1]=" + jedis.lrange(fruitKey, 0, -1));
print("lrange " + numberKey + " [0,-1]=" + jedis.lrange(numberKey, 0, -1));
print("lrange " + fruitKey + " [1,3]=" + jedis.lrange(fruitKey, 1, 3));
//删除列表指定的值,第二个参数为删除的个数(有重复时),后添加进去的值先被删,类似于出栈,返回删除个数
Long del = jedis.lrem(fruitKey, 2, "apple");
print("lrem " + fruitKey + " apple*2=" + del);
print("after lrem, lrange " + fruitKey + " [0,-1]=" + jedis.lrange(fruitKey, 0, -1));
//删除区间以外的数据, 成功返回 OK
String ltrim = jedis.ltrim(fruitKey, 0, 3);
print("ltrim " + fruitKey + " [0,3]=" + ltrim);
print("after ltrim, lrange " + fruitKey + " [0,-1]=" + jedis.lrange(fruitKey, 0, -1));
//列表元素出栈
String lpop = jedis.lpop(fruitKey);
print("lpop " + fruitKey + " =" + lpop);
print("after lpop, lrange " + fruitKey + " [0,-1]=" + jedis.lrange(fruitKey, 0, -1));
//修改列表中指定下标的值
String lset = jedis.lset(fruitKey, 0, "mango");
print("lset " + fruitKey + " 0=" + lset);
print("after lset, lrange " + fruitKey + " [0,-1]=" + jedis.lrange(fruitKey, 0, -1));
//数组长度
print("llen " + fruitKey + " =" + jedis.llen(fruitKey));
//排序
SortingParams sortingParameters = new SortingParams();
sortingParameters.alpha();
sortingParameters.limit(0, 3);
List<String> list = jedis.sort(fruitKey, sortingParameters);
String sort = "";
for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
sort += list.get(i) + " ";
}
print("sort " + fruitKey + " =" + sort);
//获取列表指定下标的值, 不存在返回null
int pos = 2;
String lindex = jedis.lindex(fruitKey, pos);
print("lindex " + fruitKey + " 2=" + lindex);
//在指定元素前/后插入
jedis.linsert(numberKey, LIST_POSITION.BEFORE, "2", "3");
print("after linsert, lrange " + numberKey + " [0,-1]=" + jedis.lrange(numberKey, 0, -1));
String value = jedis.rpoplpush(numberKey, "dst");
while(value != null) {
System.out.println("rpoplpush " + numberKey + " =" + value);
value = jedis.rpoplpush(numberKey, "dst");
}
print("after rpoplpush, lrange dst [0,-1]=" + jedis.lrange("dst", 0, -1));
jedis.close();
}
private static void print(String info) {
System.out.println(info);
System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------");
System.out.println();
}
}
二、实践练习
在上一篇商品管理示例的基础上,增加删除商品的功能。
修改添加商品的功能代码,增加了列表类型保存所有新加入的商品ID
/**
* 添加一个商品
* @param goods
* @return
*/
public boolean addGoods(Goods goods) {
long id = getIncrementId();
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("id", String.valueOf(id));
map.put("title", goods.getTitle());
map.put("price", String.valueOf(goods.getPrice()));
String key = "goods:" + id;
boolean added = jedis.hmset(key, map).equals("OK");
if(added) {
jedis.rpush("goods:list", String.valueOf(id));
}
return added;
}
添加删除商品功能代码
/**
* 删除商品
* @param id
* @return
*/
public boolean delGoods(long id) {
long deleted = jedis.del("goods:" + id);
if(deleted == 1) {
jedis.lrem("goods:list", 1, String.valueOf(id));
}
return deleted == 1;
}
还需要修改获得商品总数和分页查询商品的代码,商品总数和ID列表改为从goods:list中获得
/**
* 读取商品总数
* @return
*/
public long getTotalCount() {
String key = "goods:list";
return jedis.llen(key);
}
/**
* 读取用于分页的商品列表
* @param pageIndex 页数
* @param pageSize 每页显示行数
* @return
*/
public List<Goods> getGoodsList(int pageIndex, int pageSize) {
int totals = (int)getTotalCount();
int from = (pageIndex - 1) * pageSize;
if(from < 0) {
from = 0;
}
else if(from > totals) {
from = (totals / pageSize) * pageSize;
}
int to = from + pageSize - 1;
if(to > totals) {
to = totals;
}
List<Goods> goodsList = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> idList = jedis.lrange("goods:list", from, to);
for(String id : idList) {
String key = "goods:" + id;
Map<String, String> maps = jedis.hgetAll(key);
Goods goods = new Goods();
goods.setId(NumberUtils.toLong(maps.get("id")));
goods.setTitle(maps.get("title"));
goods.setPrice(NumberUtils.toFloat(maps.get("price")));
goodsList.add(goods);
}
return goodsList;
}
测试代码
public static void main(String[] args) {
ListLession ll = new ListLession();
ll.clear();
//添加一批商品
for(int i = 0; i< 42; i++) {
Goods goods = new Goods(0, "goods" + String.format("%05d", (i + 1)), i);
ll.addGoods(goods);
}
//读取商品总数
System.out.println("商品总数: " + ll.getTotalCount());
//删除第29件商品
ll.delGoods(29);
System.out.println("删除后商品总数: " + ll.getTotalCount());
//分页显示
List<Goods> list = ll.getGoodsList(2, 20);
System.out.println("第二页商品:");
for(Goods goods : list) {
System.out.println(goods);
}
}
现在,商品管理已经具备了增删改查功能,但是Redis还有两个数据类型没有被使用到,下一节将使用集合类型来实现为商品添加分类的功能。
Redis从基础命令到实战之字符串类型
Redis从基础命令到实战之散列类型(Hash)
Redis从基础命令到实战之集合类型(Set)
Redis从基础命令到实战之有序集合类型(SortedSet)