该例子是这样的(只是一个例子):
ProfessionalWorker 、SparetimeWorker 负责发射 Rocket,Rocket 类通过接口 IRocketDelegate 委派(或者说是回调) ProfessionalWorker 、SparetimeWorker自己发射。
总之,Rocket不做具体的事情。看实例代码:
IRocketDelegate.java源码
- package mark.zhang;
- public interface IRocketDelegate {
- public abstract long startAtTime();
- public abstract long endAtTime();
- public abstract void sendDidFail();
- }
package mark.zhang;
public interface IRocketDelegate {
public abstract long startAtTime();
public abstract long endAtTime();
public abstract void sendDidFail();
}
共有三个方法,分别是用于计算 Rocket 发射时间、计算 Rocket 发射完毕的时间以及发送是否失败的。
Rocket.java源码
- package mark.zhang;
- public class Rocket {
- IRocketDelegate delegate = null;
- public Rocket(IRocketDelegate delegate) {
- this.delegate = delegate;
- }
- private long getRocketStartTime() {
- long startTime = delegate.startAtTime();
- return startTime;
- }
- private long getRocketEndTime() {
- long endTime = delegate.endAtTime();
- return endTime;
- }
- public boolean isOk() {
- // 超时0.1秒为失败
- if (getRocketEndTime() - getRocketStartTime() >= 100) {
- delegate.sendDidFail();
- return false;
- }
- return true;
- }
- }
package mark.zhang;
public class Rocket {
IRocketDelegate delegate = null;
public Rocket(IRocketDelegate delegate) {
this.delegate = delegate;
}
private long getRocketStartTime() {
long startTime = delegate.startAtTime();
return startTime;
}
private long getRocketEndTime() {
long endTime = delegate.endAtTime();
return endTime;
}
public boolean isOk() {
// 超时0.1秒为失败
if (getRocketEndTime() - getRocketStartTime() >= 100) {
delegate.sendDidFail();
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
在这个类中,声明一个 IRocketDelegate 接口对象,使用该对象调用接口的方法。我们知道,接口不可以直接实例化,换句话说,实例化接口必须实现接口的所有方法。
那么,我们就把这些实现工作交给具体的发射者来完成。实现回调。
ProfessionalWorker.java源码
- package mark.zhang;
- public class ProfessionalWorker implements IRocketDelegate {
- @Override
- public long startAtTime() {
- System.out.println("startAtTime is call-back inProfessionalWorker!");
- return System.currentTimeMillis();
- }
- @Override
- public long endAtTime() {
- System.out.println("endAtTime is call-back in ProfessionalWorker!");
- return System.currentTimeMillis();
- }
- @Override
- public void sendDidFail() {
- System.out.println("ProfessionalWorker send Rocket fail !");
- }
- public void send() {
- if (new Rocket(this).isOk()) {
- System.out.println("ProfessionalWorker send Rocket ok !");
- }
- }
- }
package mark.zhang;
public class ProfessionalWorker implements IRocketDelegate {
@Override
public long startAtTime() {
System.out.println("startAtTime is call-back inProfessionalWorker!");
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
@Override
public long endAtTime() {
System.out.println("endAtTime is call-back in ProfessionalWorker!");
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
@Override
public void sendDidFail() {
System.out.println("ProfessionalWorker send Rocket fail !");
}
public void send() {
if (new Rocket(this).isOk()) {
System.out.println("ProfessionalWorker send Rocket ok !");
}
}
}
SparetimeWorker.java源码
- package mark.zhang;
- public class SparetimeWorker {
- public void send() {
- boolean isOk = new Rocket(new IRocketDelegate() {
- @Override
- public long startAtTime() {
- System.out.println("startAtTime is call-back in SparetimeWorker !");
- return System.currentTimeMillis();
- }
- @Override
- public long endAtTime() {
- System.out.println("endAtTime is call-back in SparetimeWorker!");
- return System.currentTimeMillis() + 100L;
- }
- @Override
- public void sendDidFail() {
- System.out.println("SparetimeWorker send Rocket fail !");
- }
- }).isOk();
- if(isOk) {
- System.out.println("SparetimeWorker send Rocket ok !");
- }
- }
- }
package mark.zhang;
public class SparetimeWorker {
public void send() {
boolean isOk = new Rocket(new IRocketDelegate() {
@Override
public long startAtTime() {
System.out.println("startAtTime is call-back in SparetimeWorker !");
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
@Override
public long endAtTime() {
System.out.println("endAtTime is call-back in SparetimeWorker!");
return System.currentTimeMillis() + 100L;
}
@Override
public void sendDidFail() {
System.out.println("SparetimeWorker send Rocket fail !");
}
}).isOk();
if(isOk) {
System.out.println("SparetimeWorker send Rocket ok !");
}
}
}
这个类采用内部类的方式完成。
Test.java
- package mark.zhang;
- public class Test {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new ProfessionalWorker().send();
- System.out.println("*********************************************");
- new SparetimeWorker().send();
- }
- }
package mark.zhang;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ProfessionalWorker().send();
System.out.println("*********************************************");
new SparetimeWorker().send();
}
}
显示结果
- endAtTime is call-back in ProfessionalWorker!
- startAtTime is call-back inProfessionalWorker!
- ProfessionalWorker send Rocket ok !
- *********************************************
- endAtTime is call-back in SparetimeWorker!
- startAtTime is call-back in SparetimeWorker !
- SparetimeWorker send Rocket fail !
endAtTime is call-back in ProfessionalWorker!
startAtTime is call-back inProfessionalWorker!
ProfessionalWorker send Rocket ok !
*********************************************
endAtTime is call-back in SparetimeWorker!
startAtTime is call-back in SparetimeWorker !
SparetimeWorker send Rocket fail !
这就体现 Java 中的一句话 Don't call me,I'll call you. 其含义就是回调(或者委派/委托)。
android 中很多这样的用法,关于接口的好处还有很多,后续慢慢研究,记住一句话:面向对象面向接口编程。