<将简单C++类导出到lua> 利用tolua++导出类到lua中简单方便,你可以导出静态成员函数、普通成员函数、静态成员变量、普通成员变量,你也可以指定类的哪些方法被导出。你可以将具有单继承的派生类导出,派生类可以很自然地访问基类的方法。更多的细节,请参考
tolua++的在线文档。 首先生成实际的c++头文件,定义我们要导出的类。tclass.h内容如下:
#ifndef _TESTCLASS_H
#define
_TESTCLASS_H
#include
<
string
.h
>
class
CNumber
{ //tolua_export
public:
//tolua_begin
CNumber():m_nNum(0)
{
}
CNumber(int num):m_nNum(num)
{
}
~CNumber()
{
}
void SetNumber(int num)
{
m_nNum = num;
}
int GetNumber()
{
return m_nNum;
}
int Add(int num)
{
m_nNum += num;
return m_nNum;
}
//tolua_end
protected:
int m_nNum;
}
;
//
tolua_export
//
tolua_begin
class
CMessage
{
//tolua_end
public:
//tolua_begin
CMessage()
{
strcpy(m_szMessage, "initial message");
}
CMessage(char *initmsg)
{
if(initmsg)
strncpy(m_szMessage, initmsg, 256);
}
~CMessage()
{
}
void SetMessage(char *msg)
{
if(msg)
{
strncpy(m_szMessage, msg, 256);
}
}
char *GetMessage()
{
return m_szMessage;
}
void ShowMessage()
{
printf("this message is printed in c++ code when lua call ShowMessage:%s ", m_szMessage);
}
//tolua_end
protected:
char m_szMessage[256];
}
;
//
tolua_export
#endif
为了方便,我把实现也放在了头文件中。 接下来定义pkg文件,tclass.pkg。
$#include
"
tclass.h
"
class
CNumber
{ //tolua_export
public:
//tolua_begin
CNumber();
CNumber(int num);
~CNumber(void);
void SetNumber(int num);
int GetNumber(void);
int Add(int num);
//tolua_end
}
;
//
tolua_export
//
tolua_begin
class
CMessage
{
//tolua_end
public:
//tolua_begin
CMessage(void);
CMessage(char * initmsg);
~CMessage(void);
void SetMessage(char *msg);
char *GetMessage();
void ShowMessage();
//tolua_end
}
;
//
tolua_export
和我们的第一个数组的例子一样,包含实际的C头文件,用tolua++的语法声明你想导出的部分。在导出类的时候,构造函数被映射到lua中的new,析构函数被映射为delete。他们的用法可以在后面的lua代码中看到。接下来就是用tolua++.exe生成用于完成“导出类到lua”功能的CPP文件了。
tolua
++
.exe
-
n tclass
-
o tclass.cpp tclass.pkg
把tclass.h和tclass.cpp加入到工程中。编写驱动代码,调用lua脚本文件。这部分如下:
#include
"
lua.hpp
"
#include
"
tclass.h
"
int
tolua_tclass_open(lua_State
*
);
int
_tmain(
int
argc, _TCHAR
*
argv[])
{
lua_State *L = luaL_newstate();
luaopen_base(L);
tolua_tclass_open(L);
luaL_dofile(L, "../scripts/classtest.lua");
lua_close(L);
return 0;
}
编写lua脚本文件classtest.lua,内容如下:
print(
"
now in classtest.lua!
"
)
--
new
a CNumber Object
print(
"
now allocate a CNumber Object:
"
)
num
=
CNumber:
new
()
num2
=
CNumber:
new
(
222
)
print(
"
init, num:
"
..num:GetNumber())
print(
"
init, num2:
"
..num2:GetNumber())
print(
"
now call SetNumber(6)
"
)
num:SetNumber(
6
)
print(
"
now the num:
"
..num:GetNumber());
num:delete()
print(
"
num is deleted, access GetNumber is invalid!
"
)
print(
"
invalid call, result:
"
..num:GetNumber())
--
new
a CMessage Object
msg
=
CMessage:
new
()
print(
"
init msg:
"
..msg:GetMessage())
print(
"
now change the msg by call msg:SetMessage('changed message')
"
)
msg:SetMessage(
"
changed message
"
)
print(
"
now msg:
"
..msg:GetMessage())
msg:ShowMessage()
msg:delete()
print(
"
msg is deleted, access GetMessage is invalid!
"
)
print(
"
inivalid call, result:
"
..msg:GetMessage())
OK,简单的几步工作,我们已经可以在lua中使用C++类了。有两点要注意: 1.pkg文件要包含实际的C头文件。 2.pkg文件中要声明需要导出到lua中的类,类名与实际的C头文件中的一样,只声明你想导出的部分即可。
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