设计一个抽象类CSolid,含有用于求表面积及体积的两个纯虚函数。设计派生类CCube、CBall、CCylinder,分别表示正方体、球体及圆柱体。在main()函数中,定义CSolid *p;(p是指向基类的指针,且这个基类是个抽象类)。要求利用这个p指针,能够求出正方体、球体及圆柱体对象的表面积及体积。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class CSolid
{
public:
virtual double area()=0;
virtual double volume()=0;
};
class CCube:public CSolid
{
private:
double side;
public:
CCube(double s=0):side(s){}
double area();
double volume();
};
double CCube::area()
{
return 6*side*side;
}
double CCube::volume()
{
return side*side*side;
}
class CBall:public CSolid
{
private:
double radius;
public:
CBall(double r=0):radius(r){}
double area();
double volume();
};
double CBall::area()
{
return 4*3.14159*radius*radius;
}
double CBall::volume()
{
return 4*3.14159*radius*radius*radius/3;
}
class Cylinder:public CSolid
{
private:
double radius;
double height;
public:
Cylinder(double r,double h):radius(r),height(h){}
double area();
double volume();
};
double Cylinder::area()
{
return radius*radius*3.14159*2+2*3.14159*radius*height;
}
double Cylinder::volume()
{
return radius*radius*3.14159*height;
}
int main()
{
CSolid *p;
double a,d,e,f;
cout<<"输入正方形的边长:"<<endl;
cin>>a;
CCube c(a);
p=&c;
cout<<"表面积:"<<p->area()<<endl;
cout<<"体积:"<<p->volume()<<endl;
cout<<"输入球体的半径:"<<endl;
cin>>d;
CBall b(d);
p=&b;
cout<<"表面积:"<<p->area()<<endl;
cout<<"体积:"<<p->volume()<<endl;
cout<<"输入圆柱体的半径和高度:"<<endl;
cin>>e>>f;
Cylinder y(e,f);
p=&y;
cout<<"表面积:"<<p->area()<<endl;
cout<<"体积:"<<p->volume()<<endl;
return 0;
}
运行结果: