定义抽象基类Shape,由它派生出3个派生类,Circle(圆形)、Rectangle(矩形)、Triangle(三角形)。求出定义的几个几何体的面积和。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Shape
{
public:
virtual double area()=0;
};
class Circle:public Shape
{
private:
double radius;
public:
Circle(double r=0):radius(r){}
double area();
};
double Circle::area()
{
return 3.14*radius*radius;
}
class Rectangle:public Shape
{
private:
double length;
double width;
public:
Rectangle(double l=0,double w=0):length(l),width(w){}
double area();
};
double Rectangle::area()
{
return length*width;
}
class Triangle:public Shape
{
private:
double height;
double side;
public:
Triangle(double h,double s):height(h),side(s){}
double area();
};
double Triangle::area()
{
return (side*height)/2;
}
int main()
{
Circle c1(12.6),c2(4.9);//建立Circle类对象c1,c2,参数为圆半径
Rectangle r1(4.5,8.4),r2(5.0,2.5);//建立Rectangle类对象r1,r2,参数为矩形长、宽
Triangle t1(4.5,8.4),t2(3.4,2.8); //建立Triangle类对象t1,t2,参数为三角形底边长与高
Shape *pt[6]= {&c1,&c2,&r1,&r2,&t1,&t2}; //定义基类指针数组pt,使它每一个元素指向一个派生类对象
double areas=0.0; //areas为总面积
for(int i=0; i<6; i++)
{
areas=areas + pt[i]->area();
cout<<pt[i]->area()<<endl;
}
cout<<"总面积为:"<<areas<<endl; //输出总面积
return 0;
}
运行结果: