模拟QQ聊天,一个服务器处理多个客户端的连接,同时要求各个客户端之间能够自由通信。
本程序采用C/S架构,利用多线程完成。
服务器端:
a#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#define PORT 8888 //设置端口号
struct info //定义结构体
{
int ToFd; //指定发送消息给谁
char buf[100]; //消息内容
};
/* 接收消息 */
void *MyReceive(void *arg)
{
struct info RecvBuf; //定义接收消息的缓冲区
int ret;
pthread_detach(pthread_self()); //线程分离
while(1)
{
ret = recv(*(int *)arg, &RecvBuf, sizeof(RecvBuf), 0); //服务器接收来着一个客户端的消息
if (-1 == ret)
{
perror("recv");
exit(1);
}
if (!strcmp(RecvBuf.buf, "bye")) //如果接收到bye
{
close(*(int *)arg); //关闭
break;
}
ret = send(RecvBuf.ToFd, &RecvBuf, sizeof(RecvBuf), 0); //服务器转发收到的消息给指定的客户端
if (-1 == ret)
{
perror("send");
exit(1);
}
memset(&RecvBuf, 0, sizeof(RecvBuf)); //清空缓冲区
}
}
int main()
{
int sockfd, ret, fd[100] = {0}, length, i = 0;
pthread_t tid[100] = {0};
char buf[100] = {0};
struct sockaddr_in server_addr; //用于存放服务器本身的信息,包括自己的端口号和ID
struct sockaddr_in client_addr; //接收客户端连接的时候,用于存放客户端信息
printf("Start Server!\n");
sockfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); //创建socket,处理客户端的连接,不用于发送信息
if (-1 == sockfd)
{
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family = PF_INET; //地址族
server_addr.sin_port = PORT; //指定socket的端口号
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.192.128"); //本机IP
ret = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)); //上述信息绑定到socket
if (-1 == ret)
{
perror("bind");
exit(1);
}
printf("Listening...\n");
ret = listen(sockfd, 5); //监听,是否有客户端发起连接
if (-1 == ret)
{
perror("listen");
exit(1);
}
while(1)
{
length = sizeof(client_addr);
fd[i] = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &length); //接受客户端的连接,返回值用于发送信息
if (-1 == fd[i])
{
perror("accept");
exit(1);
}
printf("Accept %d, Port %d\n", fd[i], client_addr.sin_port);
ret = pthread_create(&tid[i], NULL, MyReceive, (void *)&fd[i]); //创建线程
if (0 != ret)
{
perror("pthread_create");
exit(1);
}
i++;
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
客户端:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#define PORT 8888 //设置端口号,与服务器一致
struct info
{
int ToFd;
char buf[100];
};
pthread_t tid[2] = {0};
/* 发送消息 */
void *Send(void *arg)
{
struct info SendBuf;
int ret, oldtype;
while(1)
{
scanf("%s %d",SendBuf.buf, &SendBuf.ToFd); //输入指定接收的客户端以及消息内容
ret = send(*(int *)arg, &SendBuf, sizeof(SendBuf), 0); //发送
if (-1 == ret)
{
perror("send");
exit(1);
}
if (!strcmp("bye", SendBuf.buf)) //以bye结束
{
close(*(int *)arg); //关闭该线程
pthread_cancel(tid[1]); //同时取消该客户端用于接收消息的线程
break;
}
memset(&SendBuf, 0, sizeof(SendBuf));
}
}
/* 接收消息 */
void *Receive(void *arg)
{
struct info RecvBuf;
int ret, oldtype;
pthread_setcanceltype(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS, &oldtype); //设置线程取消的类型
while(1)
{
ret = recv(*(int *)arg, &RecvBuf, sizeof(RecvBuf), 0);
if (-1 == ret)
{
perror("Receive");
exit(1);
}
printf("Receive : %s\n", RecvBuf.buf);
memset(&RecvBuf, 0, sizeof(RecvBuf));
}
}
int main()
{
int sockfd, ret;
char buf[100] = {0};
struct sockaddr_in server_addr; //向server_addr发起连接
sockfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); //创建socket,既用于连接,又用于发送信息
if(-1 == sockfd)
{
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr)); //都是服务器信息
server_addr.sin_family = PF_INET;
server_addr.sin_port = PORT;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.192.128");
printf("Start Connecting...\n");
ret = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)); //发起连接
if (-1 == ret)
{
perror("connect");
exit(1);
}
ret = pthread_create(&tid[0], NULL, Send, (void *)&sockfd); //创建线程,用于发送
if (0 != ret)
{
perror("pthread_creat1");
exit(1);
}
ret = pthread_create(&tid[1], NULL, Receive, (void *)&sockfd); //创建线程,用于接收
if (0 != ret)
{
perror("pthread_creat2");
exit(1);
}
pthread_join(tid[0], NULL); //阻塞,不让线程结束
pthread_join(tid[1], NULL);
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
该程序还有些地方存在不足:
1.若一个客户端向另一个已经下线的客户端发送消息会出现混乱;
2.客户端之间发送消息时,消息内容不能还有含有空格,因为scanf输入消息内容和指定接收消息对象时是以空格为分界;
3.若客户端尚未关闭,直接关闭服务器会发生混乱(不过这点好像并不算不足吧,毕竟实际上服务器是长期开着的)
还有其他地方的不足 欢迎指出!
还有一点需要改进的地方:接收消息的一方不知道发送该消息的客户机(还请高手指教)