ORA-00245: control file backup operation failed

ORA-00245: control file backup operation failed

1、现象：

使用rman备份RAC的控制文件不成功。
查看rman的配置如下：
RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name PROD9 are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/export/home/ora11/%F';
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/PROD/product/11.2.0/dbs/snapcf_PROD91.f'; # default

备份的时候报错如下：
RMAN> run {
2> allocate channel d3 type disk;
3> backup format '/export/home/ora11/cntrl_%d_%p_%c_%s' current controlfile;
4> }

allocated channel: d3
channel d3: SID=2458 instance=PROD91 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 23-JUL-12
channel d3: starting full datafile backup set
channel d3: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
released channel: d3
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on d3 channel at 07/23/2012 11:22:33
ORA-00245: control file backup operation failed

2、解决：
重新配置控制文件快照的存放位置，下面show的最后一句：
RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name PROD9 are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/export/home/ora11/%F';
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+SYS/PROD9/snapcf_PROD91.f';
请看上面这个最后一句，rac环境中，控制文件的快照必须备份到能够被所有节点的数据实例访问到的地方，也就是必须放在共享的位置。

配置完之后，再进行控制文件的备份，成功。

RMAN> run {
2> allocate channel d3 type disk;
3> backup format '/export/home/ora11/cntrl_%d_%p_%c_%s' current controlfile;
4> }

allocated channel: d3
channel d3: SID=2458 instance=PROD91 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 23-JUL-12
channel d3: starting full datafile backup set
channel d3: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel d3: starting piece 1 at 23-JUL-12
channel d3: finished piece 1 at 23-JUL-12
piece handle=/export/home/ora11/cntrl_PROD9_1_1_32042 tag=TAG20120723T113127 comment=NONE
channel d3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 23-JUL-12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-JUL-12
piece handle=/export/home/ora11/c-4167122059-20120723-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 23-JUL-12
released channel: d3

RMAN>

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