227. Basic Calculator II

Implement a basic calculator to evaluate a simple expression string.

The expression string contains only non-negative integers, +, -, *, / operators and empty spaces . The integer division should truncate toward zero.

You may assume that the given expression is always valid.

Some examples:

“3+2*2” = 7
” 3/2 ” = 1
” 3+5 / 2 ” = 5

Note: Do not use the eval built-in library function.

Credits:
Special thanks to @ts for adding this problem and creating all test cases.

设计一个简单的计算器，只涉及非负整数的运算，只有加减乘除运算。我使用栈来实现。遇到数字就解析出当前的数，如果最近的运算号是乘号*或除号/就将前一个数和当前的数结合然后入栈，如果是减号-就将当前的数乘-1再入栈，其他情况直接入栈。最后将栈中所有的数累加即可。

代码：

class Solution
{
public:
    int calculate(string s) 
    {
        stack<int> nums;
        char oper = '+';
        int i = 0;
        s += '$';
        while(s[i] != '$')
        {
            while(s[i] == ' ') ++i;
            if(s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9')
            {
                int num = 0;
                while(s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9')
                {
                    num = num * 10 + (s[i] - '0');
                    ++i;
                }if(oper == '*')
                {
                    int tmp = nums.top();
                    nums.pop();
                    nums.push(tmp * num);
                }
                else if(oper == '/')
                {
                    int tmp = nums.top();
                    nums.pop();
                    nums.push(tmp / num);
                }
                else if(oper == '-')
                {
                    nums.push(-1 * num);
                }
                else
                {
                    nums.push(num);
                }
            }
            else if(s[i] != '$')
            {
                oper = s[i++];
            }
        }

        int res = 0;
        while(!nums.empty())
        {
            res += nums.top();
            nums.pop();
        }

        return res;
    }
};