506. Relative Ranks

Given scores of N athletes, find their relative ranks and the people with the top three highest scores, who will be awarded medals: "Gold Medal", "Silver Medal" and "Bronze Medal".

Example 1:

Input: [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
Output: ["Gold Medal", "Silver Medal", "Bronze Medal", "4", "5"]
Explanation: The first three athletes got the top three highest scores, so they got "Gold Medal", "Silver Medal" and "Bronze Medal". 
For the left two athletes, you just need to output their relative ranks according to their scores.

Note:

1. N is a positive integer and won't exceed 10,000.
2. All the scores of athletes are guaranteed to be unique.

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给每一个数一个排名，前三名是金银铜。这是排序的问题。将原序列的每个数的键值和值组成pair，然后按值从大到小排序。最后按顺序给排名就行了。

代码：

class Solution
{
public:
	vector<string> findRelativeRanks(vector<int>& nums)
	{
		vector<pair<int, int> > vec;
		vector<string> res(nums.size());
		string ranks[3] = {"Gold Medal", "Silver Medal", "Bronze Medal"};

		for(int i = 0; i < nums.size(); ++i) 
			vec.push_back(pair<int, int>(i, nums[i]));
		auto cmp = [](const pair<int, int>& p1, const pair<int, int>& p2) { return p1.second > p2.second; };
		sort(vec.begin(), vec.end(), cmp);

		for(int i = 0; i < nums.size(); ++i)
		{
			if(i < 3) res[vec[i].first] = ranks[i];
			else res[vec[i].first] = to_string(i+1);
		}
		return res;
	}
};