为了重用fragment的UI组件,你必须为每个fragment建立自己的container,模块化自己的layout与行为。一旦你定义了那些可重用的fragment,你可以使用activity与他们建立联系,对那些UI组件做组合动作等。
通常,你也会想要fragment-s之间能够交流。例如,基于用户事件来改变内容。所有的Fragment-to-Fragment之间的交互都是基于activity进行操作的。两个fragment之间没有办法直接交互。
Define an Interface [定义接口]
为了允许fragment与activity进行交互,你可以在fragment中定义一个interface,然后在activity中去implement它。Fragment在它的onAttach()方法里面捕获接口的实现,然后call接口的方法来与activity进行交互。
下面是一个fragment与activity进行交互的例子:
public class HeadlinesFragment extends ListFragment { OnHeadlineSelectedListener mCallback; // Container Activity must implement this interface public interface OnHeadlineSelectedListener { public void onArticleSelected(int position); } @Override public void onAttach(Activity activity) { super.onAttach(activity); // This makes sure that the container activity has implemented // the callback interface. If not, it throws an exception try { mCallback = (OnHeadlineSelectedListener) activity; } catch (ClassCastException e) { throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString() + " must implement OnHeadlineSelectedListener"); } } ... }
那么现在,fragment可以通过onArticleSelected()
传递messages给activity。这个方法去使用OnHeadlineSelectedListener接口的mCallback
例如:下面在fragment中的方法会在用户点击listitem的时候被call到。Fragment使用这个callback接口来传递事件给父activity。
@Override public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) { // Send the event to the host activity mCallback.onArticleSelected(position); }
Implement the Interface [实现接口]
为了接受到fragment返回事件的callback,包含那个fragment的activity必须实现定义在fragment中的接口。
例如:下面的activity实现了上面例子中的接口。
public static class MainActivity extends Activity implements HeadlinesFragment.OnHeadlineSelectedListener{ ... public void onArticleSelected(int position) { // The user selected the headline of an article from the HeadlinesFragment // Do something here to display that article } }
Deliver a Message to a Fragment [传递msg给fragment]
宿主activity可以通过findFragmentById()
捕获到fragment实例,然后call fragment的public方法来传递msg给fragment。
如下演示了使用另外一个fragment来显示从上面例子的callback中获取到的内容。
public static class MainActivity extends Activity implements HeadlinesFragment.OnHeadlineSelectedListener{ ... public void onArticleSelected(int position) { // The user selected the headline of an article from the HeadlinesFragment // Do something here to display that article ArticleFragment articleFrag = (ArticleFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.article_fragment); if (articleFrag != null) { // If article frag is available, we're in two-pane layout... // Call a method in the ArticleFragment to update its content articleFrag.updateArticleView(position); } else { // Otherwise, we're in the one-pane layout and must swap frags... // Create fragment and give it an argument for the selected article ArticleFragment newFragment = new ArticleFragment(); Bundle args = new Bundle(); args.putInt(ArticleFragment.ARG_POSITION, position); newFragment.setArguments(args); FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction(); // Replace whatever is in the fragment_container view with this fragment, // and add the transaction to the back stack so the user can navigate back transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_container, newFragment); transaction.addToBackStack(null); // Commit the transaction transaction.commit(); } } }学习自:https://developer.android.com/training/basics/fragments/communicating.html,欢迎一起交流!
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