http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangpengshou/archive/2012/03/12/2392068.html
http://blog.csdn.net/crylearner/article/details/38521685
python 中除了整型,其他进制的只能用字符串来表示
1 int()
可以将 二进制,八进制,十六进制转换成十进制整型
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
>>>
int
(
'1111'
,
2
)
15
>>>
int
(
'f'
,
16
)
15
>>>
int
(
'17'
,
8
)
15
|
2 chr()
将整型转换为字符
1
2
|
>>> chr(
90
)
'Z'
|
3 ord()
将字符转换为整型
1
2
|
>>> ord(
'Z'
)
90
|
4 hex()
将十进制转换为十六进制
1
2
|
>>> hex(
255
)
'0xff'
|
5 oct()
将十进制转换为八进制
1
2
|
>>> oct(
255
)
'0377'
|
6 bin()
将十进制转换为二进制
1
2
|
>>> bin(
255
)
'0b11111111'
|
整数之间的进制转换:
- 10进制转16进制: hex(16) ==> 0x10
- 16进制转10进制: int('0x10', 16) ==> 16
-------------------
字符串转整数:
- 10进制字符串: int('10') ==> 10
- 16进制字符串: int('10', 16) ==> 16
- 16进制字符串: int('0x10', 16) ==> 16
-------------------
字节串转整数:
- 转义为short型整数: struct.unpack('<hh', bytes(b'\x01\x00\x00\x00')) ==> (1, 0)
- 转义为long型整数: struct.unpack('<L', bytes(b'\x01\x00\x00\x00')) ==> (1,)
-------------------
整数转字节串:
- 转为两个字节: struct.pack('<HH', 1,2) ==> b'\x01\x00\x02\x00'
- 转为四个字节: struct.pack('<LL', 1,2) ==> b'\x01\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\x00\x00'
-------------------
字符串转字节串:
- 字符串编码为字节码: '12abc'.encode('ascii') ==> b'12abc'
- 数字或字符数组: bytes([1,2, ord('1'),ord('2')]) ==> b'\x01\x0212'
- 16进制字符串: bytes().fromhex('010210') ==> b'\x01\x02\x10'
- 16进制字符串: bytes(map(ord, '\x01\x02\x31\x32')) ==> b'\x01\x0212'
- 16进制数组: bytes([0x01,0x02,0x31,0x32]) ==> b'\x01\x0212'
-------------------
字节串转字符串:
- 字节码解码为字符串: bytes(b'\x31\x32\x61\x62').decode('ascii') ==> 12ab
- 字节串转16进制表示,夹带ascii: str(bytes(b'\x01\x0212'))[2:-1] ==> \x01\x0212
- 字节串转16进制表示,固定两个字符表示: str(binascii.b2a_hex(b'\x01\x0212'))[2:-1] ==> 01023132
- 字节串转16进制数组: [hex(x) for x in bytes(b'\x01\x0212')] ==> ['0x1', '0x2', '0x31', '0x32']
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 2/10/16 base trans. wrote by srcdog on 20th, April, 2009
# ld elements in base 2, 10, 16.
import os,sys
# global definition
# base = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F]
base = [str(x) for x in range(10)] + [ chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'),ord('A')+6)]
# bin2dec
# 二进制 to 十进制: int(str,n=10)
def bin2dec(string_num):
return str(int(string_num, 2))
# hex2dec
# 十六进制 to 十进制
def hex2dec(string_num):
return str(int(string_num.upper(), 16))
# dec2bin
# 十进制 to 二进制: bin()
def dec2bin(string_num):
num = int(string_num)
mid = []
while True:
if num == 0: break
num,rem = divmod(num, 2)
mid.append(base[rem])
return ''.join([str(x) for x in mid[::-1]])
# dec2hex
# 十进制 to 八进制: oct()
# 十进制 to 十六进制: hex()
def dec2hex(string_num):
num = int(string_num)
mid = []
while True:
if num == 0: break
num,rem = divmod(num, 16)
mid.append(base[rem])
return ''.join([str(x) for x in mid[::-1]])
# hex2tobin
# 十六进制 to 二进制: bin(int(str,16))
def hex2bin(string_num):
return dec2bin(hex2dec(string_num.upper()))
# bin2hex
# 二进制 to 十六进制: hex(int(str,2))
def bin2hex(string_num):
return dec2hex(bin2dec(string_num))