struts的快速入门案例(用户登录验证)——手动配置方式

工程结构:

步骤:

1.       先创建一个web工程

2.       把struts的开发包引入到web工程

3.       编写login.jsp

4.       编写ActionForm(用户表单)和Action(小队长→登录小队长)

5.       编写struts-config.xml文件,该文件用于配置Action和ActionForm,对应关系,跳转位置….,一般我们放在/WEB-INF目录下

6.       编写wel.jsp和err.jsp

7.       配置web.xml文件,该文件用于配置ActionServlet

8.       测试

 

 

代码如下:

login.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
  </head>
  
  <body>
    <form action="/strutslogin/login.do" method="post">
    	u:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
    	p:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
    	<input type="submit" value="login"/><br/>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

index.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
  </head>
	
  <body>
    <jsp:forward page="/WEB-INF/login.jsp"/>
  </body>
</html>

mysql.properties:

dbUserName=root
dbPassword=root
dbDriver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
dbUrl=jdbc\:mysql\://127.0.0.1\:3306/test?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=utf8

SqlHelper.java:

package com.hsp.utils;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.sql.*;
public class SqlHelper
{
    //定义变量
    private static Connection ct = null;
    //大多数情况下用preparedstatement替代statement
    private static PreparedStatement ps = null;
    private static ResultSet rs = null;
   
    //连接数据库的参数
    private static String url = "";
    private static String username = "";
    private static String driver = "";
    private static String passwd = "";
   
    private static CallableStatement cs = null;
    public static CallableStatement getCs()
    {
        return cs;
    }
    private static Properties  pp = null;
    private static InputStream fis = null;
    //加载驱动,只需要一次,用静态代码块
    static
    {
        try
        {
            //从dbinfo.properties
            pp = new Properties();
            fis=SqlHelper.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("mysql.properties");
            //fis = new FileInputStream();
            pp.load(fis);
            url = pp.getProperty("dbUrl");
            driver = pp.getProperty("dbDriver");
            username = pp.getProperty("dbUserName");
            passwd = pp.getProperty("dbPassword");
           
            Class.forName(driver);
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally
        {
            try
            { fis.close();}
            catch(IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
            fis = null;//垃圾回收站上收拾
        }
       
    }
    //得到连接
    public static Connection getConnection()
        {
            try
            {ct = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,passwd);}
            catch(Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
            return ct;
        }
   
   
//*************callPro1存储过程函数1*************   
    public static CallableStatement callPro1(String sql,String[] parameters)
    {
        try{
            ct = getConnection();
            cs = ct.prepareCall(sql);
            if(parameters!=null){
                for(int i=0;i<parameters.length;i++){
                 cs.setObject(i+1,parameters[i]);
                }
            }   
            cs.execute();
        }
        catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());}
        finally
        { close(rs,cs,ct);}
        return cs;
    }
   
//*******************callpro2存储过程2************************
public static CallableStatement callPro2(String sql,String[] inparameters,
Integer[] outparameters)
{
    try
    {
        ct = getConnection();
        cs = ct.prepareCall(sql);
        if(inparameters!=null)
        {
            for(int i=0;i<inparameters.length;i++)
            {
                cs.setObject(i+1,inparameters[i]);
            }
        }
    //cs.registerOutparameter(2,oracle.jdbc.OracleTypes.CURSOR);
        if(outparameters!=null)
        {
            for(int i=0;i<outparameters.length;i++)
            {
                cs.registerOutParameter(inparameters.length+1+i,outparameters[i]);
            }
        }
        cs.execute();
    }
    catch(Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
    }
    finally
    {
       
    }
    return cs;
}
    public static ResultSet executeQuery(String sql,String[] parameters)
    {
        try
        {
            ct=getConnection();
            ps=ct.prepareStatement(sql);
            if(parameters!=null)
            {
                for(int i=0;i<parameters.length;i++)
                {
                    ps.setString(i+1,parameters[i]);
                }
            }
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
        }
        finally
        {
           
        }
        return rs;
    }
   
   
    public static Connection getCt()
    {
        return ct;
    }
    public static PreparedStatement getPs()
    {
        return ps;
    }
    public static ResultSet getRs()
    {
        return rs;
    }
   
   
    public static void executeUpdate2(String[] sql,String[][] parameters)
    {
        try
        {
            ct = getConnection();
            ct.setAutoCommit(false);
           
            for(int i=0;i<sql.length;i++)
            {
               
                if(null!=parameters[i])
                {
                    ps = ct.prepareStatement(sql[i]);
                    for(int j=0;j<parameters[i].length;j++)
                    {
                        ps.setString(j+1,parameters[i][j]);
                    }
                    ps.executeUpdate();
                }
               
            }
           
           
            ct.commit();
           
           
        }catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
            try
            {
                ct.rollback();
            }
            catch (SQLException e1)
            {
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
            throw  new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
        }finally
        {
            close(rs,ps,ct);
        }
       
    }
   
    //先写一个update、delete、insert
    //sql格式:update 表名 set 字段名 =?where 字段=?
    //parameter神应该是(”abc“,23)
    public static void executeUpdate(String sql,String[] parameters)
    {
        try
        {
            ct=getConnection();
            ps = ct.prepareStatement(sql);
            if(parameters!=null)
            {
                for(int i=0;i<parameters.length;i++)
                {
                    ps.setString(i+1,parameters[i]);
                }
                           
            }
            ps.executeUpdate();
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();//开发阶段
            //抛出异常
            //可以处理,也可以不处理
            throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
        }
        finally
        {
            close(rs,ps,ct);
        }
    }
   
    public static void close(ResultSet rs,Statement ps,Connection ct)
    {
        //关闭资源(先开后关)
        if(rs!=null)
        {
            try
            {
                rs.close();
            }
            catch(SQLException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            rs=null;
        }
        if(ps!=null)
        {
            try
            {
                ps.close();
            }
            catch(SQLException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            ps=null;
        }
        if(null!=ct)
        {
            try
            {
                ct.close();
            }
            catch(SQLException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            ct=null;
        }
    }
}

Users.java:

package com.hsp.domain;

public class Users {
	private int user_id;
	private String user_pwd;
	private String user_name;
	private String user_email;
	public int getUser_id() {
		return user_id;
	}
	public void setUser_id(int user_id) {
		this.user_id = user_id;
	}
	public String getUser_pwd() {
		return user_pwd;
	}
	public void setUser_pwd(String user_pwd) {
		this.user_pwd = user_pwd;
	}
	public String getUser_name() {
		return user_name;
	}
	public void setUser_name(String user_name) {
		this.user_name = user_name;
	}
	public String getUser_email() {
		return user_email;
	}
	public void setUser_email(String user_email) {
		this.user_email = user_email;
	}
	
}

UsersService.java:

package com.hsp.service;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import com.hsp.domain.Users;
import com.hsp.utils.SqlHelper;

public class UsersService {
	public boolean checkUser(Users user){
		
		String sql="select * from users where user_name=? and user_pwd=?";
		String parameters[]={user.getUser_name(),user.getUser_pwd()};
		
		SqlHelper sqlHelper=new SqlHelper();
		ResultSet rs=sqlHelper.executeQuery(sql, parameters);
		try {
			if(rs.next()){
				return true;
			}
			else{
				return false;
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	}
}

UserForm.java:

package com.hsp.forms;
//这是一个用户表单,用于填充数据
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

public class UserForm extends ActionForm {
	
	//定义属性[这里有一个规范,就是我们定义属性名字的时候,应该和jsp页面的控件名称一致
	//如果有人提出疑问:表单的属性名字是否必须和控件名一致?
	//答:否,只要保证set和get方法和属性名存在关联:set属性名,如jsp控件名username,则set方法名必须为setUsername]
	
	private String username;
	private String password;
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	
	
}

LoginAction.java:

package com.hsp.actions;
//这是一个action(表示小队长,需要继承Action)
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import com.hsp.domain.Users;
import com.hsp.forms.UserForm;
import com.hsp.service.UsersService;

public class LoginAction extends Action {
	
	//我们需要重新编写一个方法:execute会被自动调用,有些类似servlet里的service方法和doGet和doPost方法
	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		//把form转成对应的UserForm对象
		UserForm userForm=(UserForm)form;
		//System.out.println("用户名="+userForm.getUsername());
		
		//简单验证
//		if("123".equals(userForm.getPassword())){
//			//把名字存放到request对象域中
//			//request.setAttribute("username", userForm.getUsername());
//			//如果密码为123,就认为是合法用户
//			return mapping.findForward("ok");//request.getRequestDispatcher.forward();
//		}else{
//			return mapping.findForward("err");
//		}
		
		//使用service(士兵到数据库去验证)
		//创建一个Service
		UsersService userService=new UsersService();
		Users user=new Users();
		user.setUser_name(userForm.getUsername());
		user.setUser_pwd(userForm.getPassword());
		if(userService.checkUser(user)){
			return mapping.findForward("ok");
		}else{
			return mapping.findForward("err");
		}
	}

	
}

struts-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
<struts-config>
	<!-- 配置表单 -->
	<form-beans>
		<!-- name是表单名字,可以随意写,但是建议取名规范:表单类名首字母小写 -->
		<!-- type用于指定表单类的全路径 -->
		<form-bean name="userForm" type="com.hsp.forms.UserForm"/>
	</form-beans>
	<!-- 配置action -->
	<action-mappings>
		<!-- 配置具体的一个action,path:表示将来访问该action的资源名称,http://localhost:8080/web/path? -->
		<!-- name:用于关联某个表单 -->
		<!-- type:用于指定该action类的全路径 -->
		<!-- scope="request"表示该action对应的表单对象的生命周期是request,相当于总控制器执行request.setAttribute("userForm",userForm); -->
		<!-- scope="session"表示该action对应的表单对象的生命周期是session,相当于总控制器执行request.getSession.setAttribute("userForm",userForm); -->
		<!-- scope=""默认是session -->
		<action path="/login" name="userForm" scope="request" type="com.hsp.actions.LoginAction">
		<!-- 配置跳转关系 -->
		<!-- name表示结果名称,path:转发到哪个页面 -->
		<forward name="ok" path="/WEB-INF/wel.jsp"/>
		<forward name="err" path="/WEB-INF/err.jsp"/>		
		</action>
	</action-mappings>
</struts-config>

wel.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*,com.hsp.forms.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My JSP 'wel.jsp' starting page</title>
  </head>
  
  <body>
    wel <%=((UserForm)request.getAttribute("userForm")).getUsername() %><br/>
    <a href="/strutslogin/">返回重新登录</a>
  </body>
</html>

err.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My JSP 'err.jsp' starting page</title>
  </head>
  
  <body>
    err<br>
  </body>
</html>

web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
	<!-- 配置ActionServlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
	 	<!-- 配置struts-config,如果有多份配置文件,则用,分隔 -->
	 	<init-param>
	 		<param-name>config</param-name>
	 		<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
	 	</init-param>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<!-- 配置filter -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>MyFilter1</filter-name>
		<filter-class>com.hsp.filters.MyFilter1</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>MyFilter1</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

	<!-- 配置首页文件 -->
  	<welcome-file-list>
    	<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

MyFilter1:

package com.hsp.filters;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyFilter1 extends HttpServlet implements Filter {

	public void doFilter(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1,
			FilterChain arg2) throws IOException, ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		arg0.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");//设置接收编码
		
		arg2.doFilter(arg0, arg1);//必须有这句话
		
		arg1.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
	}

	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

}


以上是手工配置方式实现的struts案例,至于半手工方式和全自动方式在上一节“struts快速入门——笔记”中已经截图解说,提高了开发效率,代码部分则和手工方式一样。

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