说明:
(1)该篇在上篇的基础上实现了自动创建设备文件的功能;
(2)自动创建文件主要用到了class_create()、device_create()两个函数,声明在inclue/linux/device.h里;
(3)设备文件的创建和销毁放在模块加载和卸载函数中;
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#define MAX_SIZE 0x1000
#define MEM_CLEAR 0x1
static struct class *class;
static struct device *dev;
struct virtdev_dev
{
struct cdev cdev;
unsigned char mem[MAX_SIZE];
};
struct virtdev_dev *devp;
dev_t devno;
static int virtdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
filp->private_data = devp;
return 0;
}
static int virtdev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
return 0;
}
static long virtdev_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
struct virtdev_dev *dev = filp->private_data;
switch (cmd)
{
case MEM_CLEAR:
memset(dev->mem, 0, MAX_SIZE);
printk(KERN_INFO "virtdev is set to zero\n");
break;
default:
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
static ssize_t virtdev_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
struct virtdev_dev *dev = filp->private_data;
if (p >= MAX_SIZE)
return -EINVAL;
if (count > MAX_SIZE - p)
count = MAX_SIZE - p;
if (copy_to_user(buf, dev->mem + p, count))
ret = -EINVAL;
else
{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
printk(KERN_INFO "read %u byte(s) from %lu\n", count, p);
}
return ret;
}
static ssize_t virtdev_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t size,
loff_t *ppos)
{
unsigned long p = *ppos;
unsigned int count = size;
int ret = 0;
struct virtdev_dev *dev = filp->private_data;
if (p >= MAX_SIZE)
return -EINVAL;
if (count > MAX_SIZE - p)
count = MAX_SIZE - p;
if (copy_from_user(dev->mem + p, buf, count))
ret = -EINVAL;
else
{
*ppos += count;
ret = count;
printk(KERN_INFO "write %u byte(s) from %lu\n", count, p);
}
return ret;
}
static loff_t virtdev_llseek(struct file *filp, loff_t offset, int orig)
{
loff_t ret = 0;
switch (orig)
{
case 0:
if (offset < 0)
{
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
if (offset > MAX_SIZE)
{
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
filp->f_pos = offset;
ret = filp->f_pos;
break;
case 1:
if ((filp->f_pos + offset) < 0 )
{
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
if ((filp->f_pos + offset) > MAX_SIZE)
{
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
filp->f_pos += offset;
ret = filp->f_pos;
break;
default:
ret = -EINVAL;
break;
}
return ret;
}
static const struct file_operations virtdev_fops =
{
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.llseek = virtdev_llseek,
.read = virtdev_read,
.write = virtdev_write,
.unlocked_ioctl = virtdev_ioctl,
.open = virtdev_open,
.release = virtdev_release,
};
static char *chardev_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
{
if (mode)
*mode = 0666;
return NULL;
}
static int __init virtdev_init(void)
{
int ret;
int err;
ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 0, 1, "virtdev");
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
devp = kzalloc(sizeof(struct virtdev_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!devp)
{
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto fail_malloc;
}
class = class_create(NULL, "virtdev");
if (IS_ERR(class))
{
ret = PTR_ERR(class);
printk(KERN_ERR "class create error %d\n", ret);
goto fail_malloc;
}
class->devnode = chardev_devnode;
dev = device_create(class, NULL, devno, NULL, "virtdev");
if (IS_ERR(class))
{
ret = PTR_ERR(dev);
printk(KERN_ERR "device create error %d\n", ret);
goto bad_device_create;
}
cdev_init(&devp->cdev, &virtdev_fops);
devp->cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
err = cdev_add(&devp->cdev, devno, 1);
if (err)
printk(KERN_NOTICE "Error %d adding virtdev", err);
return 0;
bad_device_create:
class_destroy(class);
fail_malloc:
unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 1);
return ret;
}
static void __exit virtdev_exit(void)
{
device_destroy(class, devno);
class_destroy(class);
cdev_del(&devp->cdev);
kfree(devp);
unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 1);
}
module_init(virtdev_init);
module_exit(virtdev_exit);
MODULE_AUTHOR("lql");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
相关Makefile文件:
obj-m := test.o
KDIR := /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)
all:
make -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
rm -rf *.o *.ko *.mod.o *.mod.c *.symvers *.order
运行结果如下:
allen-lql dev # echo "hello everyone!" > virtdev
allen-lql dev # cat virtdev
hello everyone!