c++的this指针和对象数组

1.每个成员函数（包括构造函数和析构函数）都有一个this指针，this指针指向当前调用对象。如果需要调用整个对象，则使用*this，*this表示整个对象。

 

2.对象数组

   ●对象数组的定义

Stock flutty[4];

   ●对象数组的初始化

Stock flutty[4]; //此时调用默认构造函数进行初始化

Stock stocks[3] = 
{
    Stock("Nano", 123, 12.3),
    Stock("Boffo", 233, 11.2),
    Stock("Fleep", 456, 13.8)
}; //调用构造函数进行初始化

3.this指针使用实例：

下例使用this指针比较对象数组中价格这个成员的大小

文件结构：

stock20.h代码：

#ifndef STOCK10_H_INCLUDED
#define STOCK10_H_INCLUDED

#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Stock
{
    private:
        string company;
        long shares;
        float price;
        float total;
        void setTotal()
        {
            total = shares * price;
        }
    public:
        Stock();  //默认构造函数
        Stock(const string & comp, long shar, float pric); //构造函数
        ~Stock();  //析构函数
        void buy(long shar, float pric);
        void sell(long shar, float pric);
        void show();
        const Stock & topVal(const Stock & s) const;
};
#endif // STOCK10_H_INCLUDED

stock20.cpp代码：

#include <iostream>
#include "stock20.h"
using namespace std;

Stock::Stock()            //定义默认构造函数
{
    company = "No name";
    shares = 0;
    price = 0.0;
    setTotal();
}

Stock::Stock(const string & comp, long shar, float pric)  //定义构造函数
{
    company = comp;
    shares = shar;
    price = pric;
    setTotal();
}

Stock::~Stock()       //析构函数
{

}

void Stock::buy(long shar, float pric)
{
    if(shar < 0)
        cout << "Cannot buy a nagitive number of shares.\n";
    else
        shares += shar;
    price = pric;
    setTotal();
}

void Stock::sell(long shar, float pric)
{
    if(shar < 0)
        cout << "Cannot sell a nagitive number of shares.\n";
    else if(shares < shar)
        cout << "Cannot sell a larger number of shares.\n";
    else
        shares -= shar;
    price = pric;
    setTotal();
}

void Stock::show()
{
    cout << "Company : " << company << endl;
    cout << "Shares : " << shares << endl;
    cout << "Price : " << price << endl;
    setTotal();
    cout << "Total : " << total << endl << endl;
}

const Stock & Stock::topVal(const Stock & s) const
{
    if(s.total > total)
        return s;
    else
        return *this;   //返回当前对象
}

main.cpp代码：

#include <iostream>
#include "stock20.h"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int i;
    Stock flutty[4];
    for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        flutty[i].show();
    for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        flutty[i].buy(1000 * i, 12.3 * i);
    for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        flutty[i].show();
    Stock top;
    top = flutty[0];
    for(i = 1; i < 4; i++)
        top = top.topVal(flutty[i]);           //调用topVal函数进行比较大小
    cout << "The highest price shares is \n";
    top.show();
    return 0;
}

Stock stocks[3] = 
{
    Stock("Nano", 123, 12.3),
    Stock("Boffo", 233, 11.2),
    Stock("Fleep", 456, 13.8)
};

运行结果：