原文:http://forum.unity3d.com/threads/28500-SQLite-Class-Easier-Database-Stuff
原始文章主要是使用JavaScript语言建立本地数据库
以前在开发中一直使用IOS源生的数据库,通过传递消息的形式在与Unity3D中进行交互。本文我在详细说说如何使用C#语言来在MAC 操作系统下创建Unity本地数据库,我是C#控哇咔咔~~~
首先你需要得到Mono.Data.Sqlite.dll 文件 与System.Data.dll文件。如果你在Mac 操作系统下使用Unity那么很悲剧,找不到这两个文件,至少我没能找到。后来我在Windows下的Unity安装路径中找到了它。为了方便大家我将这两个文件上传至网盘中,如果没有这两个文件的朋友请下载。
下载地址:http://vdisk.weibo.com/s/abG7k
.zip文件下载完毕后直接解压,然后将Mono.Data.Sqlite.dll 文件 与System.Data.dll文件放在Unity工程中的Assets文件夹中。如下图所示,两个文件已经放置在Project视图当中。
Ok ,我们编写C#脚本,原始文章没有Unity数据库更新与删除的方法,我在这里加上更新与删除的方法,方便大家开发时使用。因为其实Unity中更新与删除数据库也是个比较重要的功能。
注意:下面脚本不要绑定在任何游戏对象身上,大家无需把它当作脚本可以当作一个工具类来使用。
004 | using System.Collections; |
005 | using Mono.Data.Sqlite; |
011 | private SqliteConnection dbConnection; |
013 | private SqliteCommand dbCommand; |
015 | private SqliteDataReader reader; |
017 | public DbAccess ( string connectionString) |
021 | OpenDB (connectionString); |
029 | public void OpenDB ( string connectionString) |
034 | dbConnection = new SqliteConnection (connectionString); |
036 | dbConnection.Open (); |
038 | Debug.Log ( "Connected to db" ); |
042 | string temp1 = e.ToString(); |
048 | public void CloseSqlConnection () |
052 | if (dbCommand != null ) { |
054 | dbCommand.Dispose (); |
060 | if (reader != null ) { |
068 | if (dbConnection != null ) { |
070 | dbConnection.Close (); |
076 | Debug.Log ( "Disconnected from db." ); |
080 | public SqliteDataReader ExecuteQuery ( string sqlQuery) |
084 | dbCommand = dbConnection.CreateCommand (); |
086 | dbCommand.CommandText = sqlQuery; |
088 | reader = dbCommand.ExecuteReader (); |
094 | public SqliteDataReader ReadFullTable ( string tableName) |
098 | string query = "SELECT * FROM " + tableName; |
100 | return ExecuteQuery (query); |
104 | public SqliteDataReader InsertInto ( string tableName, string [] values) |
108 | string query = "INSERT INTO " + tableName + " VALUES (" + values[0]; |
110 | for ( int i = 1; i < values.Length; ++i) { |
112 | query += ", " + values[i]; |
118 | return ExecuteQuery (query); |
122 | public SqliteDataReader UpdateInto ( string tableName, string []cols, string []colsvalues, string selectkey, string selectvalue) |
125 | string query = "UPDATE " +tableName+ " SET " +cols[0]+ " = " +colsvalues[0]; |
127 | for ( int i = 1; i < colsvalues.Length; ++i) { |
129 | query += ", " +cols[i]+ " =" + colsvalues[i]; |
132 | query += " WHERE " +selectkey+ " = " +selectvalue+ " " ; |
134 | return ExecuteQuery (query); |
137 | public SqliteDataReader Delete( string tableName, string []cols, string []colsvalues) |
139 | string query = "DELETE FROM " +tableName + " WHERE " +cols[0] + " = " + colsvalues[0]; |
141 | for ( int i = 1; i < colsvalues.Length; ++i) { |
143 | query += " or " +cols[i]+ " = " + colsvalues[i]; |
146 | return ExecuteQuery (query); |
149 | public SqliteDataReader InsertIntoSpecific ( string tableName, string [] cols, string [] values) |
153 | if (cols.Length != values.Length) { |
155 | throw new SqliteException ( "columns.Length != values.Length" ); |
159 | string query = "INSERT INTO " + tableName + "(" + cols[0]; |
161 | for ( int i = 1; i < cols.Length; ++i) { |
163 | query += ", " + cols[i]; |
167 | query += ") VALUES (" + values[0]; |
169 | for ( int i = 1; i < values.Length; ++i) { |
171 | query += ", " + values[i]; |
177 | return ExecuteQuery (query); |
181 | public SqliteDataReader DeleteContents ( string tableName) |
185 | string query = "DELETE FROM " + tableName; |
187 | return ExecuteQuery (query); |
191 | public SqliteDataReader CreateTable ( string name, string [] col, string [] colType) |
195 | if (col.Length != colType.Length) { |
197 | throw new SqliteException ( "columns.Length != colType.Length" ); |
201 | string query = "CREATE TABLE " + name + " (" + col[0] + " " + colType[0]; |
203 | for ( int i = 1; i < col.Length; ++i) { |
205 | query += ", " + col[i] + " " + colType[i]; |
211 | return ExecuteQuery (query); |
215 | public SqliteDataReader SelectWhere ( string tableName, string [] items, string [] col, string [] operation, string [] values) |
219 | if (col.Length != operation.Length ¦¦ operation.Length != values.Length) { |
221 | throw new SqliteException ( "col.Length != operation.Length != values.Length" ); |
225 | string query = "SELECT " + items[0]; |
227 | for ( int i = 1; i < items.Length; ++i) { |
229 | query += ", " + items[i]; |
233 | query += " FROM " + tableName + " WHERE " + col[0] + operation[0] + "'" + values[0] + "' " ; |
235 | for ( int i = 1; i < col.Length; ++i) { |
237 | query += " AND " + col[i] + operation[i] + "'" + values[0] + "' " ; |
241 | return ExecuteQuery (query); |
首先是创建本地数据库,我们创建C#脚本Test.cs直接绑定在摄像机中。
02 | using System.Collections; |
04 | public class Test : MonoBehaviour |
11 | DbAccess db = new DbAccess( "data source=xuanyusong.db" ); |
14 | db.CreateTable( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "qq" , "email" , "blog" }, new string []{ "text" , "text" , "text" , "text" }); |
16 | db.CloseSqlConnection(); |
运行游戏后,数据库对象会自动生成在项目的根目录中。查看数据库的软件我使用的是Navicat Premium,如果没有请大家下载,然后继续。如下图所示,数据库文件xuanyusong.db已经生成在项目的根目录中,接着我使用Navicat Premium软件将这个数据库打开。数据库的表名为momo 打开表后字段包含name、 qq 、email、 blog。都是我们在代码中创建的。
(点击查看大图)
OK,我们继续。首先是插入数据,记得将编码修改成UTF-16 不然中文会乱码。
02 | using System.Collections; |
04 | public class Test : MonoBehaviour |
11 | DbAccess db = new DbAccess( "data source=xuanyusong.db" ); |
13 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'宣雨松'" , "'289187120'" , "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
14 | db.CloseSqlConnection(); |
接着是更新数据。UpdateInto是我新写的方法,接受更新多条数据。
02 | using System.Collections; |
04 | public class Test : MonoBehaviour |
11 | DbAccess db = new DbAccess( "data source=xuanyusong.db" ); |
13 | db.UpdateInto( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "qq" }, new string []{ "'xuanyusong'" , "'11111111'" }, "email" , "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" ); |
15 | db.CloseSqlConnection(); |
然后是删除数据DELETE也是我封装的方法。
02 | using System.Collections; |
04 | public class Test : MonoBehaviour |
11 | DbAccess db = new DbAccess( "data source=xuanyusong.db" ); |
13 | db.CreateTable( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "qq" , "email" , "blog" }, new string []{ "text" , "text" , "text" , "text" }); |
15 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'宣雨松'" , "'289187120'" , "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
16 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'雨松MOMO'" , "'289187120'" , "'000@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
17 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'哇咔咔'" , "'289187120'" , "'111@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
20 | db.Delete( "momo" , new string []{ "email" , "email" }, new string []{ "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'000@gmail.com'" } ); |
22 | db.CloseSqlConnection(); |
最后是查找数据。
02 | using System.Collections; |
04 | using Mono.Data.Sqlite; |
05 | public class Test : MonoBehaviour |
12 | DbAccess db = new DbAccess( "data source=xuanyusong.db" ); |
14 | db.CreateTable( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "qq" , "email" , "blog" }, new string []{ "text" , "text" , "text" , "text" }); |
16 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'宣雨松'" , "'289187120'" , "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
17 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'雨松MOMO'" , "'289187120'" , "'000@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
18 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'哇咔咔'" , "'289187120'" , "'111@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
21 | db.Delete( "momo" , new string []{ "email" , "email" }, new string []{ "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'000@gmail.com'" } ); |
24 | SqliteDataReader sqReader = db.SelectWhere( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "email" }, new string []{ "qq" }, new string []{ "=" }, new string []{ "289187120" }); |
26 | while (sqReader.Read()) |
28 | Debug.Log(sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "name" )) + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "email" ))); |
31 | db.CloseSqlConnection(); |
注解1:这里的结构非常像安卓的数据库指针,然后while循环把每一条数据都取出来。 sqReader.Gerordinal()方法就是拿到对应列名称的数据。如下图所示,经过一些列的添加与删除的操作最后数据库的内容如下。
如下图所示,我使用Log也将数据库name 与 email的字段打印了出来。最后我在强调一点,我们在OnStart方法中db.CreateTable创建数据库表,如果重复创建系统会抛出错误。避免这个情况请保证你的数据库表只会被创建一次。祝大家学习愉快嘎嘎嘎~~~
留言中看到有朋友说报错,那么MOMO将我的工程打包,提供下在地址
Unity 使用SQLite本地数据库的下载地址如下:http://vdisk.weibo.com/s/abGmB
如下图所示,请先在PlaySettings中修改Api Compatibility Level 改成.NET 2.0,如果不修改会报错
注意:Error building Player: Extracting referenced dlls failed.
无论你编译任何平台都请修改一下这里, 留言中有朋友在编译PC平台中 因为没有修改这里导致无法编译成功。。
IOS平台SQLite的使用:
然后需要修改Test.cs的脚本,在修改一下数据库保存的路径,我们将数据库放在沙盒当中。这样IOS中才可以读取数据库。
02 | using System.Collections; |
04 | using Mono.Data.Sqlite; |
05 | public class Test : MonoBehaviour |
11 | string appDBPath = Application.persistentDataPath + "/xuanyusong.db" ; |
13 | DbAccess db = new DbAccess( @"Data Source=" + appDBPath); |
16 | db.CreateTable( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "qq" , "email" , "blog" }, new string []{ "text" , "text" , "text" , "text" }); |
18 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'宣雨松'" , "'289187120'" , "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
19 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'雨松MOMO'" , "'289187120'" , "'000@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
20 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'哇咔咔'" , "'289187120'" , "'111@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
23 | db.Delete( "momo" , new string []{ "email" , "email" }, new string []{ "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'000@gmail.com'" } ); |
26 | using (SqliteDataReader sqReader = db.SelectWhere( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "email" }, new string []{ "qq" }, new string []{ "=" }, new string []{ "289187120" })) |
29 | while (sqReader.Read()) |
32 | Debug.Log(sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "name" ))); |
34 | Debug.Log(sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "email" ))); |
41 | db.CloseSqlConnection(); |
下面开始打包成IOS版本,直接运行如下图所示,已经在XCODE的控制台中将字符串信息打印出来。目前我不知道如何读取中文,但是可以确定的是中文信息已经写入数据库中。不信大家可以打开沙盒看看。
Android平台SQLite的使用:
Android与IOS在使用SQLite数据库时有点区别,Android需要将第三方DLL放在Plugins当中。脚本也需要修改一下,先看看Test.cs的改动。
02 | using System.Collections; |
04 | using Mono.Data.Sqlite; |
05 | public class Test : MonoBehaviour |
12 | string appDBPath = Application.persistentDataPath + "/xuanyusong.db" ; |
15 | DbAccess db = new DbAccess( "URI=file:" + appDBPath); |
18 | db.CreateTable( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "qq" , "email" , "blog" }, new string []{ "text" , "text" , "text" , "text" }); |
20 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'宣雨松'" , "'289187120'" , "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
21 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'雨松MOMO'" , "'289187120'" , "'000@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
22 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'哇咔咔'" , "'289187120'" , "'111@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
25 | db.Delete( "momo" , new string []{ "email" , "email" }, new string []{ "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'000@gmail.com'" } ); |
28 | using (SqliteDataReader sqReader = db.SelectWhere( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "email" }, new string []{ "qq" }, new string []{ "=" }, new string []{ "289187120" })) |
31 | while (sqReader.Read()) |
33 | Debug.Log( "xuanyusong" + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "name" ))); |
35 | Debug.Log( "xuanyusong" + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "email" ))); |
42 | db.CloseSqlConnection(); |
47 | if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Escape) ¦¦Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Home) ) |
如下图所示,Player Settings 请和我保持一致。
值得庆幸的是在Android下读取数据库时正常的显示了中文。如下图所示,运行打包后的程序后在Eclipse的后台已经能看到数据库显示的中文与英文,呵呵。
由于工程中需要一些DLL,所以我将工程的下载地址放出,请大家下载。
MAC平台下的使用:
我们只需在原始版本之上进行修改即可。
修改Test.cs文件 ,请注意我在代码中标注的内容。
02 | using System.Collections; |
04 | using Mono.Data.Sqlite; |
05 | public class Test : MonoBehaviour |
10 | string appDBPath = null ; |
18 | appDBPath = Application.dataPath + "/xuanyusong.db" ; |
20 | DbAccess db = new DbAccess( @"Data Source=" + appDBPath); |
25 | db.CreateTable( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "qq" , "email" , "blog" }, new string []{ "text" , "text" , "text" , "text" }); |
27 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'宣雨松'" , "'289187120'" , "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
28 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'雨松MOMO'" , "'289187120'" , "'000@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
29 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'哇咔咔'" , "'289187120'" , "'111@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
32 | db.Delete( "momo" , new string []{ "email" , "email" }, new string []{ "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'000@gmail.com'" } ); |
34 | SqliteDataReader sqReader = db.SelectWhere( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "email" }, new string []{ "qq" }, new string []{ "=" }, new string []{ "289187120" }); |
36 | while (sqReader.Read()) |
39 | Debug.Log(sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "name" )) + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "email" ))); |
42 | name = sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "name" )); |
43 | email = sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "email" )); |
46 | db.CloseSqlConnection(); |
52 | ///为了让大家看的更清楚 我将数据库取出的内容显示在屏幕中 |
55 | GUILayout.Label( "XXXXXXXXXXXXX" + name); |
61 | GUILayout.Label( "XXXXXXXXXXXXX" + email); |
66 | GUILayout.Label( "数据库的路径" + appDBPath); |
生成工程后,运行生成的mac程序,我们可以看到 数据已经取出来了。
Windows平台SQLite的使用:
Windows平台下与Mac平台有点区别,废了老半天来找到问题所在。MOMO感谢在博客后面留言的朋友,因为没有你们的留言我也不会去研究MAC Windows下如何使用 呵呵。
进入正题,还是先修改Test.cs文件
01 | using System.Collections; |
03 | using Mono.Data.Sqlite; |
07 | public class Test : MonoBehaviour |
19 | string appDBPath = Application.dataPath + "/xuanyusong.db" ; |
23 | DbAccess db = new DbAccess( @"Data Source=" + appDBPath); |
28 | db.CreateTable( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "qq" , "email" , "blog" }, new string []{ "text" , "text" , "text" , "text" }); |
30 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'宣雨松'" , "'289187120'" , "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
31 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'雨松MOMO'" , "'289187120'" , "'000@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
32 | db.InsertInto( "momo" , new string []{ "'哇咔咔'" , "'289187120'" , "'111@gmail.com'" , "'www.xuanyusong.com'" }); |
35 | db.Delete( "momo" , new string []{ "email" , "email" }, new string []{ "'xuanyusong@gmail.com'" , "'000@gmail.com'" } ); |
38 | using (SqliteDataReader sqReader = db.SelectWhere( "momo" , new string []{ "name" , "email" }, new string []{ "qq" }, new string []{ "=" }, new string []{ "289187120" })) |
41 | while (sqReader.Read()) |
44 | Debug.Log( "xuanyusong" + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "name" ))); |
46 | Debug.Log( "xuanyusong" + sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "email" ))); |
48 | name = sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "name" )); |
49 | email = sqReader.GetString(sqReader.GetOrdinal( "email" )); |
56 | db.CloseSqlConnection(); |
63 | GUILayout.Label(name); |
68 | GUILayout.Label(email); |
73 | GUILayout.Label(path); |
如下图所示打开Unity然后我们需要下载sqlite3.dll文件,接着将dll都放入Plugins文件夹中。不用担心 稍后我会把真个工程的下载地址贴出来其中包括所有的dll 。
最后直接打包成Windows平台工程。双击运行.exe文件,如下图所示数据库的数据以及路径MOMO已经打印在屏幕当中啦。哇咔咔~ 然后xuanyusong.db文件就放在ddd_Date文件夹中,我已经用红圈标注出来了。ddd就是工程的名称,ddd_Date该文件夹是自动生成的。
(点击图片查看大图)
最后这个工程的下载地址,包括所有DLL以及代码MOMO感谢大家的支持。
最后祝大家学习愉快