1.简单的多线程实例
步骤:
①全局函数ThreadProc
②创建进程CreateThread
③关闭进程CloseHandle
④让主线程休眠 Sleep()
代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <Windows.h>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc(LPVOID lpParameter);
HANDLE hMetux;
void main()
{
hMetux = CreateMutex(NULL,FALSE,NULL);
HANDLE hThread1;
hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun1Proc,NULL,0,NULL);
CloseHandle(hThread1);
cout<<"main thread is runing"<<endl;
Sleep(1000);
cin.get();
cin.get();
}
DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc(LPVOID lpParameter)
{
cout<<"thread1 is running"<<endl;
return 0;
}
2.多线程实现火车售票
①创建两个线程同时出售火车票
②线程中火车票 ticket>0则出售,否则结束
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI FunOneProc(LPVOID lpParam);
DWORD WINAPI FunTwoProc(LPVOID lpParam);
int ticket = 100;
int main()
{
HANDLE hThreadOne;
HANDLE hThreadTwo;
hThreadOne = CreateThread(NULL,0,FunOneProc,NULL,0,NULL);
hThreadTwo = CreateThread(NULL,0,FunTwoProc,NULL,0,NULL);
CloseHandle(hThreadOne);
CloseHandle(hThreadTwo);
Sleep(4000);
cin.get();
cin.get();
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI FunOneProc(LPVOID lpParam)
{
while (TRUE)
{
if (ticket > 0)
{
cout<<"One Thread tickets:"<<ticket--<<endl;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI FunTwoProc(LPVOID lpParam)
{
while (TRUE)
{
if (ticket > 0)
{
cout<<"Two Thread tickets:"<<ticket--<<endl;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
运行结果:
结果分析:
开始看到这个结果的时候,我大惊了一下。想着10099,9897这么大的数字从何而来,我的设置ticket =100。想了一番,这么大的数字应该分开看 10099 为100,99 ;9897为98,97.
为什么会这样呢。孙鑫老师的书里的运行结果也没有这么奇葩。我自己想了一下,孙鑫老师电脑估计比较老土配置不高,是单核的cpu。而我因为游戏时间比较多,买了双核的cpu,并行性高。当进程One在运行时输出One Thread tickets:,恰好到了进程Two,然后输出:Two Thread tickets。然后又到了进程One,输出100,进程Two输出99。所以最后结果就呈现上面的奇葩了。`(*∩_∩*)′
3.利用互斥对象实现同步
①声明全局互斥变量:HANDLE hMutex
②创建互斥对象:CreateMutex
③在保护代码前加:WaitForSingleObject
④保护代码后加:ReleaseMutex
注意事项:创建的互斥对象应该在创建进程前面
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
DWORD WINAPI FunOneProc(LPVOID lpParam);
DWORD WINAPI FunTwoProc(LPVOID lpParam);
int ticket = 100;
HANDLE hMutex;
int main()
{
HANDLE hThreadOne;
HANDLE hThreadTwo;
hMutex = CreateMutex(NULL,FALSE,NULL);
hThreadOne = CreateThread(NULL,0,FunOneProc,NULL,0,NULL);
hThreadTwo = CreateThread(NULL,0,FunTwoProc,NULL,0,NULL);
CloseHandle(hThreadOne);
CloseHandle(hThreadTwo);
Sleep(4000);
cin.get();
cin.get();
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI FunOneProc(LPVOID lpParam)
{
while (TRUE)
{
WaitForSingleObject(hMutex,INFINITE);
if (ticket > 0)
{
cout<<"One Thread tickets:"<<ticket--<<endl;
}
else
{
break;
}
ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
}
return 0;
}
DWORD WINAPI FunTwoProc(LPVOID lpParam)
{
while (TRUE)
{
WaitForSingleObject(hMutex,INFINITE);
if (ticket > 0)
{
cout<<"Two Thread tickets:"<<ticket--<<endl;
}
else
{
break;
}
ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
}
return 0;
}
运行结果:
4.多线程实现Chat聊天室
实现步骤:
1.加载套接字库
①在 stdafx.h 文件中 添加 #include <afxsock.h>// MFC 套接字扩展
②在App类中的InitInstance函数中添加如下代码:
if (!AfxSocketInit())
{
AfxMessageBox(IDP_SOCKETS_INIT_FAILED);
return FALSE;
}
2.初始化套接字绑定IP和端口号
①在OnInitDialog函数中添加自定义函数InitSocket;
②InitSocket函数的实现
BOOL CUdpSrvDlg::InitSocket()
{
m_socket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
if (INVALID_SOCKET == m_socket)
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("套接字创建失败!"));
return FALSE;
}
SOCKADDR_IN sockAddr;
sockAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
sockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
sockAddr.sin_port = htons(6000);
//绑定套接字
int retval = bind(m_socket,(SOCKADDR*)&sockAddr,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
if (SOCKET_ERROR == retval)
{
closesocket(m_socket);
AfxMessageBox(_T("绑定套接字失败"));
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
3.用多线程实现接收端功能
①定义结构体:RECVPARAM
struct RECVPARAM
{
HWND hwnd;//对话框句柄
SOCKET socket;//已创建的套接字
};
②创建接收线程 hThread
InitSocket();
RECVPARAM *pRecvParam = new RECVPARAM;
pRecvParam->hwnd = m_hWnd;
pRecvParam->socket = m_socket;
//创建接收线程
HANDLE hThread = CreateThread(NULL,0,RecvProc,(LPVOID)pRecvParam,0,NULL);
//关闭该接收进程句柄,释放其引用计数
CloseHandle(hThread);
③实现接收线程函数:RecvPRoc
在类内定义,必须使用静态变量
static DWORD WINAPI RecvProc(LPVOID lpParam);
函数实现:
DWORD WINAPI CUdpSrvDlg::RecvProc(LPVOID lpParam)
{
//获取主线程传递的套接字和窗口句柄
SOCKET sock = ((RECVPARAM*)lpParam)->socket;
HWND hwnd = ((RECVPARAM*)lpParam)->hwnd;
delete lpParam;
SOCKADDR_IN addrFrom;
int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);
char recvBuf[200];
char tempBuf[300];
int retval;
while (TRUE)
{
//接收数据
retval = recvfrom(sock,recvBuf,200,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrFrom,&len);
if (SOCKET_ERROR == retval)
{
break;
}
sprintf_s(tempBuf,300,"%s say: %s",inet_ntoa(addrFrom.sin_addr),recvBuf);
::PostMessage(hwnd,WM_RECVDATA,0,(LPARAM)tempBuf);
}
return 0;
}
4.将接收的信息显示在窗口上
①自定义消息宏
#define WM_RECVDATA WM_USER +1
②设置消息响应函数原型的声明
afx_msg LRESULT OnRecvData(WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam);
③添加消息映射
ON_MESSAGE(WM_RECVDATA,OnRecvData)
④添加消息函数的定义
LRESULT CUdpSrvDlg::OnRecvData(WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
//取出接收到的数据
CString str = (char*)lParam;
CString strTemp;
//获得已有数据
GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_RECV,strTemp);
str += "\r\n";
str += strTemp;
//显示所有接收到的数据
SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_RECV,str);
return 0;
}
5.设置发送端的信息
实现函数:
void CUdpSrvDlg::OnBnClickedBtnSend()
{
// TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
//获取对方IP
DWORD dwIP;
((CIPAddressCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_IPADDRESS1))->GetAddress(dwIP);
SOCKADDR_IN addrTo;
addrTo.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(dwIP);
addrTo.sin_family = AF_INET;
addrTo.sin_port = htons(6000);
CString strSend;
//获得待发送数据
GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_SEND,strSend);
//发送数据
sendto(m_socket,strSend,strSend.GetLength()+1,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrTo,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
//清空发送编辑框中的内容
SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_SEND,"");
}
6.小技巧:
①EDIT控件 MultiLine设置多行显示。
②default button设置TRUE,这是响应ENTER键。