(2011.07.26)以二进制方式读写文件（C++ Primer Plus)

// binary.cpp -- binary file I/O
#include <iostream>		// not required by most systems
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cstdlib>	// (or stdlib.h)for exit()

inline void eatline() { while(std::cin.get()!= '\n') continue; }
struct planet
{
	char name[20];		// name of planet
	double population;	// its population
	double g;			// its acceleration of gravity
};

const char * file = "planets.dat";

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	planet pl;
	cout << fixed << right;

// show initial contents
	ifstream fin;
	fin.open (file, ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);	// binary file
	// NOTE: some systems don't accept the ios_base::binary mode
	if (fin.is_open())
	{
		cout << "Here are the current contents of the "
			<< file << " file: \n";
		while(fin.read((char *) &pl, sizeof pl))
		{
			cout << setw(20) << pl.name << ": "
			<< setprecision (0) << setw(12) << pl.population 
				<< setprecision (2) << setw(6) << pl.g << endl;
		}
		fin.close();
	}

// add new data 
	ofstream fout (file, ios_base::out | ios_base::app | ios_base::binary);
	//NOTE: some systems don't accept the ios::binary mode
	if(!fout.is_open())
	{
		cerr << "Can't open " << file << " file for output: \n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}

	cout << "Enter planet name(enter a blank line to quit): \n";
	cin.get(pl.name, 20);
	while(pl.name[0]!= '\0')
	{
		eatline();
		cout << "Enter planetary population: ";
		cin >> pl.population;
		cout << "enter planet's acceleration of gravity: ";
		cin >> pl.g;
		eatline();
		fout.write((char *)&pl, sizeof pl);
		cout << "Enter planet name (enter a blank line to quit):\n";
	}
	fout.close();

// show revised file
	fin.clear();			// not required for some implementations, but won't hurt
	fin.open (file, ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);
	if(fin.is_open())
	{
		cout << "Here are the new contents of the "
			<< file << " file: \n";
		while(fin.read((char*)&pl, sizeof pl))
		{
			cout << setw(20) << pl.name << ": "
				<< setprecision(0) << setw(12) << pl.population 
					<< setprecision(2) << setw (6) << pl.g << endl;
		}
		fin.close();
	}
	cout << "Done.\n";
	return 0;
}