CountDownLatch简单介绍

本文摘自Java编程思想（第4版），写下来是便于能够随时复习理解。

它是一个同步辅助类，被用来同步一个或者多个任务，强制他们等待其它一组任务执行完成。

可以向CountDownLatch对象设置一个初始计数值，任何调用该对象await()的方法都将被阻塞，直到该计数值为0；其它任务结束时可调用该对象的

countDown()方法来减小这个计数值。CountDownLatch被设计为只触发一次，计数值不能被重置。如果你需要能够重置计数值的版本，可使用CyclicBarrier。简单的来说程序会先调用countDown()方法（调用await()的方法会被阻塞）会使计数器的值不断减小，当计数器的值为0时，调用await()的方法才会执行。

CountDownLatch的典型用法是将一个程序分为n个互相独立的任务。

TaskPortion:调用countDown()方法，将计数值不断减小直至0，模拟系统的初始部分。.

WaitingTask：表示系统中必须等待的部分，调用await()方法，当前线程被阻塞，只有当计数值为0时（即初始部分完成）才会被执行。

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class TaskPortion implements Runnable{
	
	private static int counter = 0;
	private final int id = counter ++;
	private static Random random = new Random(47);
	private final CountDownLatch latch;
	
	public TaskPortion(CountDownLatch latch){
		this.latch = latch;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			doWork();
			latch.countDown();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}

	private void doWork() throws InterruptedException {
		TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(random.nextInt(2000));
		System.out.println(this+"completed");
	}

	public String toString(){
		return String.format("%1$-3d", id);
	}
}

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class WaitingTask implements Runnable{

	private static int counter = 0;
	private final int id = counter ++;
	private final CountDownLatch latch;
	
	public WaitingTask(CountDownLatch latch){
		this.latch = latch;
	}
	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			latch.await();
			System.out.println("latch barrier pass for");
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			System.out.println( "interrupted");
		}
	}

	public String toString(){
		return String.format("%1$-3d", id);
	}
}

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;


public class CountDownLatchDemo {
	static final int SIZE = 10;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ExecutorService exes = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
		CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(SIZE);
		for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
			exes.execute(new WaitingTask(latch));
		for(int i=0;i<SIZE;i++)
			exes.execute(new TaskPortion(latch));
		System.out.println(" latch all tasks");
		exes.shutdown();
	}
}

运行结果： latch all tasks
9 completed
7 completed
5 completed
8 completed
1 completed
2 completed
6 completed
4 completed
0 completed
3 completed
latch barrier pass for
latch barrier pass for
latch barrier pass for
latch barrier pass for
latch barrier pass for