openGL上画背景图片

Android上关于openGL画背景图片的相当少，对openGL知识更是小白一个。

纠缠了几天，总算找到例子学习，修改完成了，希望能给其它需要此功能的人提供一些帮助。

直接贴代码，有很多关于openGL的参数，也是一知半解的。

想要更加深入学习的，参考http://www.owlei.com/DancingWind/Course/Tutorial_32.htm学习吧。

先画背景图放远些，然后扩大填充整个画面，然后在画其它的物体，注意各物体的深度。

import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;
import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.opengl.GLU;
import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView.Renderer;
public class OpenGLRenderer implements Renderer {

	private float centerX = -1;
	private float centerY =  -5f;
	private float centerZ = -15f;
	private Context mContext  ;
	private int mTexture;
	private Cube cube;

	public OpenGLRenderer(Context context){
		super();
		this.mContext = context;
		 cube = new Cube();	//所画物体
		 cube .z = centerZ;
		 cube.y = centerY;
 		 cube.x = centerX;
 	 }
 	 
 	 public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
		// Set the background color to black ( rgba ).
		gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f);
		// Enable Smooth Shading, default not really needed.
		gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);
		// Depth buffer setup.
		gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);
		// Enables depth testing.
		gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
		// The type of depth testing to do.
		gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);
		// Really nice perspective calculations.
		gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,
                          GL10.GL_NICEST);

	
		//背景图片
		Resources res = mContext.getResources();
		this.mTexture = GraphicUtil.loadTexture(gl, res, R.drawable.image);

	}
	
	public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
		gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
		gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); 

		//背景
		drawBackgroundImage(gl,mTexture);
		cube.draw(gl);

	}
	
	public void drawBackgroundImage(GL10 gl, int textureId) {
		gl.glLoadIdentity();
		gl.glCullFace(GL10.GL_BACK);
		gl.glPushMatrix();

		gl.glTranslatef(0, 0,-20);//比所画物体更远一些
		gl.glScalef(2f, 2f, 1f);//扩大填充至整个界面

		gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
		gl.glBlendFunc(GL10.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL10.GL_ONE);

		GraphicUtil.drawTexture(gl, 0.0f, 0.0f, 8.0f, 8.0f,
				textureId, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
		gl.glPopMatrix();
		gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
	}

	public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
		// Sets the current view port to the new size.
		gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
		// Select the projection matrix
		gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);
		// Reset the projection matrix
		gl.glLoadIdentity();
		// Calculate the aspect ratio of the window
		GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45.0f,
                                   (float) width / (float) height,
                                   0.1f, 100.0f);
		// Select the modelview matrix
		gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
		// Reset the modelview matrix
		gl.glLoadIdentity();
	}

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.ByteOrder;
import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL11;

import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Bitmap.Config;
import android.opengl.GLUtils;

public class GraphicUtil {

	private static Hashtable<Integer, float[]> verticesPool = new Hashtable<Integer, float[]>();
	private static Hashtable<Integer, float[]> colorsPool = new Hashtable<Integer, float[]>();
	private static Hashtable<Integer, float[]> coordsPool = new Hashtable<Integer, float[]>();

	public static float[] getVertices(int n) {
		if (verticesPool.containsKey(n)) {
			return verticesPool.get(n);
		}
		float[] vertices = new float[n];
		verticesPool.put(n, vertices);
		return vertices;
	}

	public static float[] getColors(int n) {
		if (colorsPool.containsKey(n)) {
			return colorsPool.get(n);
		}
		float[] colors = new float[n];
		colorsPool.put(n, colors);
		return colors;
	}

	public static float[] getCoords(int n) {
		if (coordsPool.containsKey(n)) {
			return coordsPool.get(n);
		}
		float[] coords = new float[n];
		coordsPool.put(n, coords);
		return coords;
	}

	private static Hashtable<Integer, FloatBuffer> squareVerticesPool = new Hashtable<Integer, FloatBuffer>();
	private static Hashtable<Integer, FloatBuffer> squareColorsPool = new Hashtable<Integer, FloatBuffer>();
	private static Hashtable<Integer, FloatBuffer> texCoordsPool = new Hashtable<Integer, FloatBuffer>();

	public static final FloatBuffer makeVerticesBuffer(float[] arr) {
		FloatBuffer fb = null;
		if (squareVerticesPool.containsKey(arr.length)) {
			fb = squareVerticesPool.get(arr.length);
			fb.clear();
			fb.put(arr);
			fb.position(0);
			return fb;
		}
		fb = makeFloatBuffer(arr);
		squareVerticesPool.put(arr.length, fb);
		return fb;
	}

	public static final FloatBuffer makeColorsBuffer(float[] arr) {
		FloatBuffer fb = null;
		if (squareColorsPool.containsKey(arr.length)) {
			fb = squareColorsPool.get(arr.length);
			fb.clear();
			fb.put(arr);
			fb.position(0);
			return fb;
		}
		fb = makeFloatBuffer(arr);
		squareColorsPool.put(arr.length, fb);
		return fb;
	}

	public static final FloatBuffer makeTexCoordsBuffer(float[] arr) {
		FloatBuffer fb = null;
		if (texCoordsPool.containsKey(arr.length)) {
			fb = texCoordsPool.get(arr.length);
			fb.clear();
			fb.put(arr);
			fb.position(0);
			return fb;
		}
		fb = makeFloatBuffer(arr);
		texCoordsPool.put(arr.length, fb);
		return fb;
	}

        //画四边形，贴图
	public static final void drawTexture(GL10 gl, float x, float y, float w, float h, int texture, float u, float v, float tex_w, float tex_h, float r, float g, float b, float a) {
		float[] vertices = getVertices(8);
		vertices[0] = -0.5f * w + x; vertices[1] = -0.5f * h + y;
		vertices[2] =  0.5f * w + x; vertices[3] = -0.5f * h + y;
		vertices[4] = -0.5f * w + x; vertices[5] =  0.5f * h + y;
		vertices[6] =  0.5f * w + x; vertices[7] =  0.5f * h + y;

		float[] colors = getColors(16);
		for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
			colors[i++] = r;
			colors[i++] = g;
			colors[i++] = b;
			colors[i]   = a;
		}

		float[] coords = getCoords(8);
		coords[0] = u; coords[1] = v + tex_h;
		coords[2] = u + tex_w; coords[3] = v + tex_h;
		coords[4] = u; coords[5] = v;
		coords[6] = u + tex_w; coords[7] = v;

		FloatBuffer squareVertices = makeVerticesBuffer(vertices);
		FloatBuffer squareColors = makeColorsBuffer(colors);
		FloatBuffer texCoords = makeTexCoordsBuffer(coords);

		gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D);
		gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
		gl.glVertexPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, squareVertices);
		gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
		gl.glColorPointer(4, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, squareColors);
		gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);
		gl.glTexCoordPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, texCoords);
		gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);

		gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

		gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
		gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D);
	}

	public static final void drawTexture(GL10 gl, float x, float y, float w, float h, int texture, float r, float g, float b, float a) {
		drawTexture(gl, x, y, w, h, texture, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, r, g, b, a);
	}

	public static final int loadTexture(GL10 gl, Resources resources, int res) {
		int[] textures = new int[1];

		//Bitmap
		Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, res, options);
		if (bmp == null) {
			return 0;
		}

		gl.glGenTextures(1, textures, 0);
		gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, textures[0]);
		GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, bmp, 0);
		gl.glTexParameterf(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR);
        gl.glTexParameterf(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR);
        gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);

        bmp.recycle();

          return textures[0];
	}
	private static final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
	static {
		options.inScaled = false;
		options.inPreferredConfig = Config.ARGB_8888;
	}

	public static final FloatBuffer makeFloatBuffer(float[] arr) {
		ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(arr.length*4);
		bb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
		FloatBuffer fb = bb.asFloatBuffer();
		fb.put(arr);
		fb.position(0);
		return fb;
	}
}