通过web.xml文件自动启动spring容器加载对应的配置文件

在web开发中可以在web.xml文件中配置自启动的servlet或者web容器监听器，借助两者中的任何一者都可以完成启动spring web应用上下文的工作。

下面给出使用web监听器的方式来实现启动是spring容器的配置文件

<span style="font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
	<display-name>demo-demo Web Application</display-name>
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>
            classpath*:config/spring/common/appcontext-*.xml,
            classpath*:config/spring/local/appcontext-*.xml,
            classpath*:config/spring/local/emidas-activity-biz-*.xml,
            classpath*:config/spring/local/emidas-activity-web-*.xml
        </param-value>
	</context-param>
	<context-param>
		<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:log/log4j.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<context-param>
		<param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
		<param-value>60000</param-value>
	</context-param>

	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>

	<filter>
		<filter-name>cat-filter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>com.dianping.cat.servlet.CatFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>

	<filter>
		<filter-name>struts-prepare</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>config</param-name>
			<param-value>struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,config/struts/struts.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter>
		<filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
        <!--<filter-class>com.dianping.decorator.sitemesh.ExtendedSiteMeshFilter</filter-class>-->
        <filter-class>com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter>
		<filter-name>struts-execute</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.dianping.midas.authority.api.common.AuthorityFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
           <!--  <param-name>include</param-name>
            <param-value>login,selectActivity,addActivityInit,updateActivity,addLaunchInit,selectActivity,updateActivity,selectModule,addModuleInit,updateModule</param-value> --> 
       	<param-name>exclude</param-name>
       	<param-value>/getActivityDataSum,/activities/external/ajax,/penaltyChartClear,/activityChartClear,/penaltyChart,/activityChart,/mactivity/common,/brandArea,/getImgUrlAjax,/ftpUpLoadImgAjax,/index.html,/Heartbeat.html,/getPrizePackageUrl,/getLaunchInfoByActivityId,/addLaunchInterface,/freeOrderLaunchStatus,/invokeForMaterial,/checkToken,/listShopsAjaxNew,/listShopsAjax,/generationLaunch,/pushActivity,/promotion,/operation,/img,/js,/css,/newClickdate</param-value>
        </init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
		<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
		<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
	</filter-mapping>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>cat-filter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
		<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
		<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
	</filter-mapping>
 
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>struts-prepare</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
		<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
		<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
	</filter-mapping>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
		<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
		<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
		<dispatcher>INCLUDE</dispatcher>
	</filter-mapping>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>struts-execute</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
		<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
		<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
	</filter-mapping>

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>JspSupportServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.apache.struts2.views.JspSupportServlet</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>errorHandlerServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.dianping.emidas.base.errorhandle.ErrorHandlerServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>errorHandlerServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/errorHandlerServlet.xfc</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
    <error-page>
    	<exception-type>java.lang.Throwable</exception-type>
    	<location>/errorHandlerServlet.xfc</location>
    </error-page>
    <error-page>
    	<error-code>404</error-code>
    	<location>/errorHandlerServlet.xfc</location>
    </error-page>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <listener>
		<listener-class>com.dianping.cat.servlet.CatListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	<strong><listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener></strong>
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.listener.StrutsListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>sitemesh-freemarker</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.freemarker.FreemarkerDecoratorServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>TemplatePath</param-name>
			<param-value>/</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>default_encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>sitemesh-freemarker</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.ftl</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>login.ftl</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app></span>

因为我们使用的是web监听器的方式来进行的，所以必须将 Log4jConfigListener放在 ContextLoaderListener的前面， 采用上面的配置方式spring将自动使用XmlWebApplicationContext启动spring容器，即通过XML文件为spring容器提供bean的配置信息。