这道题目要求在给定的01序列中找到一段至少长度为L的子序列，使得其数字的平均值最大。解题方法是利用单调队列维护下凸曲线，找到最大斜率的子序列。代码实现包括输入序列长度、长度下限，计算子序列的平均值，以及使用单调队列更新最优解。
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A DNA sequence consists of four letters, A, C, G, and T. The GC-ratio of a DNA sequence is the number of Cs and Gs of the sequence divided by the length of the sequence. GC-ratio is important in gene finding because DNA sequences with relatively high GC-ratios might be good candidates for the starting parts of genes. Given a very long DNA sequence, researchers are usually interested in locating a subsequence whose GC-ratio is maximum over all subsequences of the sequence. Since short subsequences with high GC-ratios are sometimes meaningless in gene finding, a length lower bound is given to ensure that a long subsequence with high GC-ratio could be found. If, in a DNA sequence, a 0 is assigned to every A and T and a 1 to every C and G, the DNA sequence is transformed into a binary sequence of the same length. GC-ratios in the DNA sequence are now equivalent to averages in the binary sequence.
| Position | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Index | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Sequence | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1< |
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