Ext的DomQuery学习笔记

通过各种途径,得知Ext的选择器很不简单,最大的特点就是利用eval即时生成查询函数,让它在一些选择器类型中速度爆快。因此我觉得非常有必要学习一下Ext的这个模块了。

从最后一行得知,Ext.query方法是Ext.DomQuery.select的别名,那我们就顺着它的思路看呗。

select方法,我管它为入口函数。

select : function (path, root, type){
     if (!root || root == document){
         root = document;
     }
     if ( typeof root == "string" ){
         root = document.getElementById(root);
     }
     var paths = path.split( "," ), //把选择器按并联选择器分解
         results = [];
     for ( var i = 0, len = paths.length; i < len; i++){
         var p = paths[i].replace(trimRe, "" ); //移除左右两边的空白节点
         if (!cache[p]){
             cache[p] = Ext.DomQuery.compile(p); //把刚编译出来的查询函数放进缓存体中
             if (!cache[p]){
                 throw p + " is not a valid selector" ;
             }
         }
         var result = cache[p](root); //把文档对象传进去,获取目标元素
         if (result && result != document){ //如果能获取元素或并不返回我们原来传入的那个文档对象,
             results = results.concat(result); //就把它并入最终结果中
         }
     }
     if (paths.length > 1){ //去除重复元素
         return nodup(results);
     }
     return results;
},

compile方法,它用eval动态生成查询函数的做法确实让人一亮。

compile : function (path, type){ //
     type = type || "select" ;
    //用于编译的代码
     var fn = [ "var f = function(root){\n var mode; ++batch; var n = root || document;\n" ],
         q = path, //选择器
         mode,
         lq,
         tk = Ext.DomQuery.matchers,
         tklen = tk.length,
         mm,
         //取出关系选择器的自符
         //modeRe = /^(\s?[\/>+~]\s?|\s|$)/,
         lmode = q.match(modeRe);
         //如 alert("> .aaa".match(/^(\s?[\/>+~]\s?|\s|$)/))
         //弹出 > ,>
     if (lmode && lmode[1]){ //如果存在 / >  + ~ 这四个选择器,我们将对编译代码与选择器进行些操作
         //编译代码将增加,如 mode=">"的字段
         fn[fn.length] = 'mode="' +lmode[1].replace(trimRe, " ")+'" ;';
         //选择器  > .aaa 将变成 .aaa
         q = q.replace(lmode[1], "" );
     }
     //如果选择器被消耗到以断句符“/”开头,那么移除它,把第二行代入path
     //如 "\
     //     h1[title]"
     //的情形
     while (path.substr(0, 1)== "/" ){
         path = path.substr(1);
     }
 
     while (q && lq != q){ //如果选择器q不等于undefined或null
         lq = q;  //tagTokenRe = /^(#)?([\w-\*]+)/,
         var tm = q.match(tagTokenRe); // 判定其是ID选择器,标签选择器亦或通配符选择器
         if (type == "select" ){
             if (tm){
                 if (tm[1] == "#" ){ //如果是ID选择器,
                     fn[fn.length] = 'n = quickId(n, mode, root, "' +tm[2]+ '");' ;
                 } else {           //如果是标签选择器
                     fn[fn.length] = 'n = getNodes(n, mode, "' +tm[2]+ '");' ;
                 }
                 q = q.replace(tm[0], "" );
             } else if (q.substr(0, 1) != '@' ){
                 fn[fn.length] = 'n = getNodes(n, mode, "*");' ;
             }
         } else {
             if (tm){
                 if (tm[1] == "#" ){
                     fn[fn.length] = 'n = byId(n, null, "' +tm[2]+ '");' ;
                 } else {
                     fn[fn.length] = 'n = byTag(n, "' +tm[2]+ '");' ;
                 }
                 q = q.replace(tm[0], "" );
             }
         }
         while (!(mm = q.match(modeRe))){
             var matched = false ;
             for ( var j = 0; j < tklen; j++){
                 var t = tk[j];
                 var m = q.match(t.re); //用matchers里面的正则依次匹配选择器,
                 if (m){ //如果通过则把matchers.select里面的{1},{2}这些东西替换为相应的字符
                     fn[fn.length] = t.select.replace(tplRe, function (x, i){
                                             return m[i];
                                         });
                     q = q.replace(m[0], "" ); //移除选择器相应的部分
                     matched = true ; //中止循环
                     break ;
                 }
             }
             // prevent infinite loop on bad selector
             if (!matched){
                 throw 'Error parsing selector, parsing failed at "' + q + '"' ;
             }
         }
         if (mm[1]){ //添加编译代码,如 mode="~"的字段
             fn[fn.length] = 'mode="' +mm[1].replace(trimRe, " ")+'" ;';
             q = q.replace(mm[1], "" ); //移除选择器相应的部分
         }
     }
     fn[fn.length] = "return nodup(n);\n}" ; //添加移除重复元素的编译代码
     eval(fn.join( "" )); //连结所有要编译的代码,用eval进行编译,于是当前作用域使增加一个叫f的函数
     return f; //返回f查询函数
},

f查询函数的生成依赖于一个叫做matchers的数组对象:

matchers : [{
         re: /^\.([\w-]+)/,
         select: 'n = byClassName(n, null, " {1} ");'
     }, {
         re: /^\:([\w-]+)(?:\(((?:[^\s>\/]*|.*?))\))?/,
         select: 'n = byPseudo(n, "{1}", "{2}");'
     },{
         re: /^(?:([\[\{])(?:@)?([\w-]+)\s?(?:(=|.=)\s?[ '"]?(.*?)["' ]?)?[\]\}])/,
         select: 'n = byAttribute(n, "{2}", "{4}", "{3}", "{1}");'
     }, {
         re: /^ #([\w-]+)/,
         select: 'n = byId(n, null, "{1}");'
     },{
         re: /^@([\w-]+)/,
         select: 'return {firstChild:{nodeValue:attrValue(n, "{1}")}};'
     }
],

在处理ID选择器时,分为两个函数,分别为查找模式(type="select")与过滤模式。个人觉得它好像不可能处理IE中的getElementById的bug。过滤模式用于反选选择器。

function quickId(ns, mode, root, id){
     if (ns == root){
        var d = root.ownerDocument || root;
        return d.getElementById(id); //IE下有bug
     }
     ns = getNodes(ns, mode, "*" );
     return byId(ns, null , id);
}
function byId(cs, attr, id){
     if (cs.tagName || cs == document){
         cs = [cs];
     }
     if (!id){
         return cs;
     }
     var r = [], ri = -1;
     for ( var i = 0,ci; ci = cs[i]; i++){
         if (ci && ci.id == id){ //这里存在问题,因为IE下表单元素的id值不能为"id",见我的博文《IE6的getElementById bug》
             r[++ri] = ci;
             return r;
         }
     }
     return r;
};

处理类选择器

function byClassName(c, a, v){ //c为元素,v为className
       if (!v){
           return c;
       }
       var r = [], ri = -1, cn;
       for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
           if (( ' ' +ci.className+ ' ' ).indexOf(v) != -1){
               r[++ri] = ci;
           }
       }
       return r;
   };

根据属性选择器筛选元素,不过在精确获取属性时,对于一些特殊属性无法辨识,具体可参见我的选择器query的属性转换列表。

function byAttribute(cs, attr, value, op, custom){
      var r = [],
          ri = -1,
          st = custom== "{" ,
          f = Ext.DomQuery.operators[op];
      for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = cs[i]; i++){
          if (ci.nodeType != 1){
              continue ;
          }
          var a;
          if (st){
              a = Ext.DomQuery.getStyle(ci, attr);
          }
          else if (attr == "class" || attr == "className" ){
              a = ci.className;
          } else if (attr == "for" ){
              a = ci.htmlFor;
          } else if (attr == "href" ){
              a = ci.getAttribute( "href" , 2);
          } else {
              a = ci.getAttribute(attr);
          }
          if ((f && f(a, value)) || (!f && a)){
              r[++ri] = ci;
          }
      }
      return r;
  };

getStyle方法不说了,它是调用style模块的。看看处理属性选择器的操作符,基本与jQuery的处理方式一下,不过Ext出现比较早,应该是抄它的。以前jQuery是用特慢的xpath模拟。

operators : {
     "=" : function (a, v){
         return a == v;
     },
     "!=" : function (a, v){
         return a != v;
     },
     "^=" : function (a, v){
         return a && a.substr(0, v.length) == v;
     },
     "$=" : function (a, v){
         return a && a.substr(a.length-v.length) == v;
     },
     "*=" : function (a, v){
         return a && a.indexOf(v) !== -1;
     },
     "%=" : function (a, v){
         return (a % v) == 0;
     },
     "|=" : function (a, v){
         return a && (a == v || a.substr(0, v.length+1) == v+ '-' );
     },
     "~=" : function (a, v){
         return a && ( ' ' +a+ ' ' ).indexOf( ' ' +v+ ' ' ) != -1;
     }
},

看byPseudo方法,它只不过是个适配器,根据伪类的类型返回真正的处理函数。

function byPseudo(cs, name, value){
       return Ext.DomQuery.pseudos[name](cs, value);
   };

pseudos你可以管它做适配器对象,也可以称之为switch Object。嘛,叫什么都一样,它可以帮我们从无限的if...else if....else if 语句中解放出来。Ext运用的设计模式挺多的,这正是企业应用的特征之一,为以后添加新模块留下后路。

pseudos : {
     "first-child" : function (c){
         var r = [], ri = -1, n;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = n = c[i]; i++){ //要求前面不能再有元素节点
             while ((n = n.previousSibling) && n.nodeType != 1);
             if (!n){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "last-child" : function (c){
         var r = [], ri = -1, n;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = n = c[i]; i++){ //要求其后不能再有元素节点
             while ((n = n.nextSibling) && n.nodeType != 1);
             if (!n){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "nth-child" : function (c, a) {
         var r = [], ri = -1,
             m = nthRe.exec(a == "even" && "2n" || a == "odd" && "2n+1" || !nthRe2.test(a) && "n+" + a || a),
             f = (m[1] || 1) - 0, l = m[2] - 0; //和jQuery解析表达式的做法如出一辙
         for ( var i = 0, n; n = c[i]; i++){
             var pn = n.parentNode;
             if (batch != pn._batch) { //在父节点上添加一个私有属性_batch,
                 var j = 0;
                 for ( var cn = pn.firstChild; cn; cn = cn.nextSibling){
                     if (cn.nodeType == 1){
                        cn.nodeIndex = ++j;
                     }
                 }
                 pn._batch = batch;
             }
             if (f == 1) { //f就是an+b中的a,如果f为1时,那么只取出nodeIndex为b的元素节点即可
                 if (l == 0 || n.nodeIndex == l){
                     r[++ri] = n;
                 }
                 //否则使用以下公式取元素(见实验2)
             } else if ((n.nodeIndex + l) % f == 0){
                 r[++ri] = n;
             }
         }
 
         return r;
     },
 
     "only-child" : function (c){
         var r = [], ri = -1;;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
             if (!prev(ci) && !next(ci)){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "empty" : function (c){
         var r = [], ri = -1;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
             var cns = ci.childNodes, j = 0, cn, empty = true ;
             while (cn = cns[j]){
                 ++j;
                 if (cn.nodeType == 1 || cn.nodeType == 3){
                     empty = false ;
                     break ;
                 }
             }
             if (empty){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "contains" : function (c, v){
         var r = [], ri = -1;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
             if ((ci.textContent||ci.innerText|| '' ).indexOf(v) != -1){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "nodeValue" : function (c, v){
         var r = [], ri = -1;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
             if (ci.firstChild && ci.firstChild.nodeValue == v){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "checked" : function (c){
         var r = [], ri = -1;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
             if (ci.checked == true ){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "not" : function (c, ss){
         return Ext.DomQuery.filter(c, ss, true );
     },
 
     "any" : function (c, selectors){
         var ss = selectors.split( '|' ),
             r = [], ri = -1, s;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
             for ( var j = 0; s = ss[j]; j++){
                 if (Ext.DomQuery.is(ci, s)){
                     r[++ri] = ci;
                     break ;
                 }
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "odd" : function (c){
         return this [ "nth-child" ](c, "odd" );
     },
 
     "even" : function (c){
         return this [ "nth-child" ](c, "even" );
     },
 
     "nth" : function (c, a){
         return c[a-1] || [];
     },
 
     "first" : function (c){
         return c[0] || [];
     },
 
     "last" : function (c){
         return c[c.length-1] || [];
     },
 
     "has" : function (c, ss){
         var s = Ext.DomQuery.select,
             r = [], ri = -1;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
             if (s(ss, ci).length > 0){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "next" : function (c, ss){
         var is = Ext.DomQuery.is,
             r = [], ri = -1;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
             var n = next(ci);
             if (n && is(n, ss)){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     },
 
     "prev" : function (c, ss){
         var is = Ext.DomQuery.is,
             r = [], ri = -1;
         for ( var i = 0, ci; ci = c[i]; i++){
             var n = prev(ci);
             if (n && is(n, ss)){
                 r[++ri] = ci;
             }
         }
         return r;
     }
}

我们看一下"nth-child"模块,里面用到一个batch变量,它也动态生成的,还为元素添加两个私有属性_batch与nodeIndex。batch是从30803开始,这数字有什么深意吗?难道是Jack Slocum的银行卡密码?!看下面两个实验:

看反选选择器

"not" : function (c, ss){ //c为上次搜索的结果集,ss为:not(***)中括号里面的内容
   return Ext.DomQuery.filter(c, ss, true );
},
filter : function (els, ss, nonMatches){
   ss = ss.replace(trimRe, "" ); //移除左右两边的空白节点
   if (!simpleCache[ss]){ //如果缓存体不存在此选择器(Ext的缓存体蛮多的)
     simpleCache[ss] = Ext.DomQuery.compile(ss, "simple" ); //动态生成一个查询函数
   }
   var result = simpleCache[ss](els); //求取结果
   return nonMatches ? quickDiff(result, els) : result; //如果为true则调用quickDiff方法,否则直接返回结果集
},

看它如何进行取反,我以前也是用这种技术,就是利用了数学上全集与子集与补集的关系。quickDiff的第一个参数为子集,第二个参数为全集,既然是取反,当然取其补集。过程是在子集的元素节点中设置一个私有属性_diff,然后在全集范围的元素节点内找那些没有被标记,或标记不相同的元素,放进结果集。

function quickDiff(c1, c2){ //子集,全集
     var len1 = c1.length,
         d = ++key,
         r = [];
     if (!len1){
         return c2;
     }
     if (isIE && typeof c1[0].selectSingleNode != "undefined" ){
         return quickDiffIEXml(c1, c2);
     }       
     for ( var i = 0; i < len1; i++){
         c1[i]._qdiff = d; //往子集元素设置一个私有属性_qdiff,起始数为30803
     }       
     for ( var i = 0, len = c2.length; i < len; i++){
         if (c2[i]._qdiff != d){ //然后在全集范围内找那些没有被标记,或标记不相同的元素,放进结果集
             r[r.length] = c2[i];
         }
     }
     return r;
}

不过对于IE的XML则利用setAttribute来标记私有属性,还要筛选后去除这私有属性。

function quickDiffIEXml(c1, c2){
     var d = ++key,
         r = [];
     for ( var i = 0, len = c1.length; i < len; i++){
         c1[i].setAttribute( "_qdiff" , d);
     }       
     for ( var i = 0, len = c2.length; i < len; i++){
         if (c2[i].getAttribute( "_qdiff" ) != d){
             r[r.length] = c2[i];
         }
     }
     for ( var i = 0, len = c1.length; i < len; i++){
        c1[i].removeAttribute( "_qdiff" );
     }
     return r;
}

其去重也差不多是这样的原理。至于其他的代码没有什么值得好学习了……


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