(一)向量
赋值:
> x <- c(1,2,3,4,5) # 使用<-赋值,c表示连接
> x
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
> y <- c(x,6,7,8)
> y
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
> x[3] # 求向量x第3个元素
[1] 3
> x[3] <- 7 # 修改x[3]
> x
[1] 1 2 7 4 5
> mode (x) # 查看向量类型
[1] "numeric"
> z <- c("i","am",20) # 强制类型转换,数值20变成字符串
> z
[1] "i" "am" "20"
> mode(z)
[1] "character"
一些内置函数:
> length(x) # 求向量长度
[1] 5
> mean(x) # 求均值
[1] 3
> sd(x) # 求方差
[1] 1.581139
(二)字符串
字符串连接:观察以下操作结果
> str <- c("dare","to","be","yourself")
> str
[1] "dare" "to" "be" "yourself"
> str2 <- c("ok")
> str3 <- paste(str,str2) # (1)
> str3
[1] "dare ok" "to ok" "be ok" "yourself ok"
> str2 <- c("t1", "t2") # (2)
> str3 <- paste(str,str2)
> str3
[1] "dare t1" "to t2" "be t1" "yourself t2"
> str3 <- paste("dare","to","be","a","pig") # (3)
> str3
[1] "dare to be a pig"
字符串分割:
> str4 <- strsplit(str3, 'e')
> str4
[[1]]
[1] "dar" " to b" " a pig"
(三)矩阵
(四)列表
> mylist <- list(a="susht", b=19) # 可以存储不同的数据类型
> mylist
$a
[1] "susht"
$b
[1] 19
> mylist$a
[1] "susht"
(五)数据框
(六)自定义函数
> getEven <- function(x){
+ n <- 0;
+ for(i in x){
+ if(i%%2==0) n <- n+1;
+ }
+ return (n)
+ }<pre code_snippet_id="1694120" snippet_file_name="blog_20160523_25_2560683" name="code" class="plain">> getEven(x)
[1] 2
使用Esc键可以停止该行命令的运行。
未完待续。该去写作业了。
发现了一个网站可以在线学R和Python:Datacamp,learn by coding