既然说是为了实现负载均衡,那么下一步自然是开始尝试使用两个服务器来测试。
Nginx是一个轻量级的、高性能的WebServer,他主要可以干下面两件事:作为http服务器(和apache的效果一样),作为反向代理服务器实现负载均衡。
所以本身Nginx是可以作为服务器使用的,我们更多的时候使用的是tomcat和jboss这种服务器,既然人家提供了这个只做负载均衡的功能,我们就直接研究怎么使用就行了。
安装之后,我们开始配置负载均衡
简单的效果,只需要修改一下配置文件即可
#user root root;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
upstream 192.168.22.221{
server 192.168.22.221:8080 weight=1;
server 192.168.22.222:8080 weight=1;
//这两行就是我们的服务器地址,后面的weight是Nginx会根据权重来分配访问的压力
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.22.221;
//这里是主机名称服务,和上面的upstream要一致
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass <a target=_blank href="http://192.168.22.221">http://192.168.22.221</a>; //这是配置的是转发路径。
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
至于原理,Nginx使用的是反向代理。让客户端感受不出访问的是哪一个地址,而是Nginx代理去决定访问哪一个地址。剩下的还有待研究。