面试题中经常看到让自己写出strcpy()、atoi()、itoa()、memcpy()等函数。这些函数短小,但是也能反映出一定的编程水平。尤其在字符串转换成整形时,要考虑正负号、非数字字符、数值溢出等问题。在memcpy函数中要考虑目的存储空间和源存储空间有重叠时怎么办。
#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>
using namespace std;
char* Strcpy(char *strDest, char *strSrc)
{
assert(strDest != NULL && strSrc != NULL);
char *addr = strDest;
while( (*strDest++ = *strSrc++) != '\0');
return addr;
}
int AtoI(char *str)
{
assert(str != NULL);
while(*str == ' ')
{
str++;
}
int nSign = (*str == '-') ? -1 : 1; //确定符号位
if(*str == '+' || *str == '-')
str++;
int nResult = 0;
while(*str >= '0' && *str <= '9')
{
nResult = nResult * 10 + *str - '0';
str++;
}
return nResult;
}
char* ItoA(int num)
{
char str[1024];
int sign = num;
char temp[11];
if(sign < 0)
{
num = -num;
}
int i = 0;
do
{
temp[i] = num % 10 + '0';
num /= 10;
i++;
}while(num > 0);
if(sign < 0)
{
temp[i++] = '-';
}
temp[i] = '\0';
i--;
int j = 0;
while(i >= 0)
{
str[j++] = temp[i--];
}
str[j] = '\0';
return str;
}
void* Memcpy(void *dest, void *src, size_t count)
{
assert(dest != NULL && src != NULL && count > 0);
char *pdest = static_cast<char*>(dest);
const char *psrc = static_cast<const char*>(src);
if( (pdest > psrc) && (pdest < (psrc + count)) ) //目的起始地址在需要拷贝的内存空间中间,从尾到头拷贝
{
for(size_t i = count-1; i >= 0; --i)
{
pdest[i] = psrc[i];
}
}
else
{
for(size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) //从头到尾拷贝
{
pdest[i] = psrc[i];
}
}
return dest;
}