关于事件

　　事件(Event)是WIN32提供的最灵活的线程间同步方式，事件可以处于激发状态(signaled or true)或未激发状态(unsignal or false)。根据状态变迁方式的不同，事件可分为两类：
　　（1）手动设置：这种对象只可能用程序手动设置，在需要该事件或者事件发生时，采用SetEvent及ResetEvent来进行设置。
　　（2）自动恢复：一旦事件发生并被处理后，自动恢复到没有事件状态，不需要再次设置。
　　创建事件的函数原型为：

HANDLE CreateEvent(
　LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpEventAttributes,
　// SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES结构指针，可为NULL
　BOOL bManualReset,
　// 手动/自动
　// TRUE：在WaitForSingleObject后必须手动调用ResetEvent清除信号
　// FALSE：在WaitForSingleObject后，系统自动清除事件信号
　BOOL bInitialState, //初始状态
　LPCTSTR lpName //事件的名称
);

使用"事件"机制应注意以下事项：
　　（1）如果跨进程访问事件，必须对事件命名，在对事件命名的时候，要注意不要与系统命名空间中的其它全局命名对象冲突；
　　（2）事件是否要自动恢复；
　　（3）事件的初始状态设置。

看下面代码：

[cpp] view plain copy print ?

1. DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc(LPVOID lpParam);
2. DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam);
4. DWORD g_dwThreadID;
5. DWORD g_dwThreadID2;
7. UINT g_nTickets = 300;//int g_nTickets = 300; //备注1
8. HANDLE g_hEvent = NULL;
10. HANDLE g_hEvent1 = NULL;
11. HANDLE g_hEvent2 = NULL;
13. CRITICAL_SECTION g_cs;
15. int ThreadCout = 0;
17. int main()
18. {
19. cout << "Main thread is running." << endl;
21. InitializeCriticalSection(&g_cs);//初始化临界区
23. HANDLE hHandle = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadProc, NULL, 0, &g_dwThreadID);
24. ThreadCout++;
25. HANDLE hHandle2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadProc2, NULL, 0, &g_dwThreadID2);
26. ThreadCout++;
28. //g_hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL);
29. g_hEvent1 = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //备注5:g_hEvent1 = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL);
30. g_hEvent2 = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //备注5:g_hEvent2 = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL);
32. ResetEvent(g_hEvent1);
33. ResetEvent(g_hEvent2);
35. SetEvent(g_hEvent1);
38. while (TRUE)
39. {
40. EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
41. int nCount = ThreadCout;
42. LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
44. if (nCount == 0)
45. {
46. cout << "Main thread is break." << endl;
47. break;
48. }
50. }
53. Sleep(1000); //备注4
55. CloseHandle(hHandle);
56. CloseHandle(hHandle2);
58. DeleteCriticalSection(&g_cs);
60. cout << "Main thread is end." << endl;
62. system("pause");
63. return 0;
64. }
66. DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc(LPVOID lpParam)
67. {
68. // cout << "No." << g_dwThreadID << " thread is running." << endl;
69. while (TRUE)
70. {
71. WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent1, INFINITE);
72. cout << "No.1 " << g_dwThreadID <<" thread is running." << endl;
74. EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
75. int temp= g_nTickets;
76. LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
78. cout << "No.1 " << g_dwThreadID <<" thread is temp." << endl;
80. if (temp > 0)
81. {
82. Sleep(10); //Sleep(1000) //备注2
83. cout << "No.1-" << g_dwThreadID <<" sell ticket : " << temp << endl;
86. EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
87. g_nTickets--;
88. LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
90. SetEvent(g_hEvent2);
91. //ResetEvent(g_hEvent1);//备注6
94. }
95. else
96. {
97. cout << "No.1- break" << endl;
98. //ResetEvent(g_hEvent1);//备注6
99. SetEvent(g_hEvent2);//没有这个ThreadProc2不能终止 //备注3
100. break;
101. }
102. }
104. EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
105. ThreadCout--;
106. LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
107. cout << "No.1- end" << endl;
109. return 0;
110. }
112. DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam)
113. {
114. //
115. while (TRUE)
116. {
117. WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent2, INFINITE);
118. cout << "No.2 " << g_dwThreadID2 <<" thread is running." << endl;
120. EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
121. int temp= g_nTickets;
122. LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
124. if (temp > 0)
125. {
126. Sleep(10); //Sleep(1000) //备注2
127. cout << "No.2-" << g_dwThreadID2 <<" sell ticket : " << temp << endl;
129. EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
130. g_nTickets--;
131. LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
133. SetEvent(g_hEvent1);
134. //ResetEvent(g_hEvent2);//备注6
135. }
136. else
137. {
138. cout << "No.2- break" << endl;
139. //ResetEvent(g_hEvent2);//备注6
140. SetEvent(g_hEvent1);//同样的问题，没有这个ThreadProc不能终止 //备注3
141. break;
142. }
143. }
145. EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
146. ThreadCout--;
147. LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
149. cout << "No.2- end" << endl;
150. return 0;
151. }

DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc(LPVOID lpParam);  
DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam);  

DWORD g_dwThreadID;  
DWORD g_dwThreadID2;  

UINT g_nTickets = 300;  //int g_nTickets = 300;  //备注1
HANDLE g_hEvent = NULL;  

HANDLE g_hEvent1 = NULL; 
HANDLE g_hEvent2 = NULL; 

CRITICAL_SECTION g_cs;

int ThreadCout = 0;

int main()  
{  
	cout << "Main thread is running." << endl;  

	InitializeCriticalSection(&g_cs);//初始化临界区
	
	HANDLE hHandle = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadProc, NULL, 0, &g_dwThreadID);  
	ThreadCout++;
	HANDLE hHandle2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, ThreadProc2, NULL, 0, &g_dwThreadID2); 
	ThreadCout++;

	//g_hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE,  TRUE, NULL);  
	g_hEvent1 = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE,  TRUE, NULL);  //备注5:g_hEvent1 = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE,  TRUE, NULL);
	g_hEvent2 = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE,  TRUE, NULL);	//备注5:g_hEvent2 = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE,  TRUE, NULL);

	ResetEvent(g_hEvent1);
	ResetEvent(g_hEvent2);

	SetEvent(g_hEvent1); 


	while (TRUE)
	{
		EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
		int nCount = ThreadCout;  
		LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

		if (nCount == 0)
		{
			cout << "Main thread is break." << endl; 
			break;
		}

	}

	
	Sleep(1000);	//备注4	
	
	CloseHandle(hHandle);   
	CloseHandle(hHandle2);  

	DeleteCriticalSection(&g_cs);

	cout << "Main thread is end." << endl;

	system("pause");  
	return 0;  
}  

DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc(LPVOID lpParam)  
{   
	// cout << "No." << g_dwThreadID << " thread is running." << endl;  
	while (TRUE)  
	{  
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent1, INFINITE);  
		cout << "No.1 " << g_dwThreadID << " thread is running." << endl;  

		EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
		int temp= g_nTickets; 
		LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

		cout << "No.1 " << g_dwThreadID << " thread is temp." << endl; 

		if (temp > 0)  
		{  
			Sleep(10);  //Sleep(1000)	//备注2
			cout << "No.1-" << g_dwThreadID << " sell ticket : " << temp << endl; 
			
			
			EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
			g_nTickets--;  
			LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

			SetEvent(g_hEvent2); 
			//ResetEvent(g_hEvent1);//备注6
			  

		}  
		else  
		{  
			cout << "No.1- break" << endl;
			//ResetEvent(g_hEvent1);//备注6
			SetEvent(g_hEvent2);//没有这个ThreadProc2不能终止	//备注3
			break;  
		}  
	}  

	EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
	ThreadCout--;  
	LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);
	cout << "No.1- end" << endl;

	return 0;  
}  

DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam)  
{  
	// 
	while (TRUE)  
	{  
		WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent2, INFINITE);  
		cout << "No.2 " << g_dwThreadID2 << " thread is running." << endl;  

		EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
		int temp= g_nTickets; 
		LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

		if (temp > 0)  
		{  
			Sleep(10);  //Sleep(1000)	//备注2
			cout << "No.2-" << g_dwThreadID2 << " sell ticket : " << temp << endl;  

			EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
			g_nTickets--;  
			LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

			SetEvent(g_hEvent1); 
			//ResetEvent(g_hEvent2);//备注6
		}  
		else  
		{  
			cout << "No.2- break" << endl;
			//ResetEvent(g_hEvent2);//备注6
			SetEvent(g_hEvent1);//同样的问题，没有这个ThreadProc不能终止		//备注3
			break;  
		}  
	}  

	EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);
	ThreadCout--;  
	LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);

	cout << "No.2- end" << endl;
	return 0;  
}  

这个代码是接上一遍关于UINT类型作为循环变量的不确定性问题继续完善的，加入了临界区控制全局变量的访问。

本文要说明的是SetEvent和ResetEvent的使用，这个要看备注5和备注6。

备注5处：

CreateEvent的第二个参数决定了是否需要手动调用ResetEvent，当为TRUE时，是需要手动调用，如果不调用，会怎么样呢？不调用，事件会处于一直有信号状态，即备注6处。当为FALSE时候，不需要手动调用，调用不调用，效果一样。把ResetEvent放在 WaitForSingleObject前面也是很好的做法

 

注：本文转自：http://blog.csdn.net/wujunokay/article/details/12272581