RHEL 7 安装oracle rac 11.2.0.4执行root.sh报错ohasd failed to start

报错信息：

[root@rac1 ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.


Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@zjdb1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh 
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g 


The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= grid
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/11.2.0/grid


Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creating trace directory
User ignored Prerequisites during installation
Installing Trace File Analyzer
OLR initialization - successful
  root wallet
  root wallet cert
  root cert export
  peer wallet
  profile reader wallet
  pa wallet
  peer wallet keys
  pa wallet keys
  peer cert request
  pa cert request
  peer cert
  pa cert
  peer root cert TP
  profile reader root cert TP
  pa root cert TP
  peer pa cert TP
  pa peer cert TP
  profile reader pa cert TP
  profile reader peer cert TP
  peer user cert
  pa user cert
Adding Clusterware entries to inittab
ohasd failed to start
Failed to start the Clusterware. Last 20 lines of the alert log follow: 
2015-05-23 23:37:45.460: 
[client(13782)]CRS-2101:The OLR was formatted using version 3.

报错原因：

因为RHEL 7使用systemd而不是initd运行进程和重启进程，而root.sh通过传统的initd运行ohasd进程。

解决方法：

在RHEL 7中ohasd需要被设置为一个服务，在运行脚本root.sh之前。

步骤如下：

1. 以root用户创建服务文件

#touch /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service

#chmod 777 /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service

2. 将以下内容添加到新创建的ohas.service文件中

[root@rac1 init.d]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service
[Unit]
Description=Oracle High Availability Services
After=syslog.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

3. 以root用户运行下面的命令

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable ohas.service
systemctl start ohas.service
4. 查看运行状态

[root@rac1 init.d]# systemctl status ohas.service
ohas.service - Oracle High Availability Services
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service; enabled)
   Active: failed (Result: start-limit) since Fri 2015-09-11 16:07:32 CST; 1s ago
  Process: 5734 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
 Main PID: 5734 (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)


Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Starting Oracle High Availability Services...
Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Started Oracle High Availability Services.
Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: ohas.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Unit ohas.service entered failed state.
Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: ohas.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart.
Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Stopping Oracle High Availability Services...
Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Starting Oracle High Availability Services...
Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: ohas.service start request repeated too quickly, refusing to start.
Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Failed to start Oracle High Availability Services.
Sep 11 16:07:32 rac1 systemd[1]: Unit ohas.service entered failed state.

此时状态为失败，原因是现在还没有/etc/init.d/init.ohasd文件。

下面可以运行脚本root.sh 不会再报ohasd failed to start错误了。

如果还是报ohasd failed to start错误，可能是root.sh脚本创建了init.ohasd之后，ohas.service没有马上启动，解决方法参考以下：

当运行root.sh时，一直刷新/etc/init.d ，直到出现 init.ohasd 文件，马上手动启动ohas.service服务 命令：systemctl start ohas.service 

[root@rac1 init.d]# systemctl status ohas.service
ohas.service - Oracle High Availability Services
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2015-09-11 16:09:05 CST; 3s ago
 Main PID: 6000 (init.ohasd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/ohas.service
           6000 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple
           6026 /bin/sleep 10


Sep 11 16:09:05 rac1 systemd[1]: Starting Oracle High Availability Services...
Sep 11 16:09:05 rac1 systemd[1]: Started Oracle High Availability Services.
Sep 11 16:09:05 rac1 su[6020]: (to grid) root on none