hibernate使用session.createQuery(hql)查询数据的时候,有两种查询方式:
1、一种是只查询一次,将所有要查询的数据都查询出来,后面直接取数据就可以了;
获取方式:session.createQuery(hql).list()。
一次性加载的数据多,效率低,用于例如商品信息展示。适用于展示所有信息。
2、另一种是先查询一次,将主键查询出来,后面需要数据的时候,根据主键一条一条的取数据。
获取方式:session.createQuery(hql).iterate()。
用于新闻列表展示。当需要查看新闻内容时,在去根据主键查询具体内容数据。
适用于仅仅展示某一条或几条信息。
下面用一个例子来演示一下
新建一个java项目,项目结构如下:
实体类Book代码:
package com.myeclipse.pojo;
import java.util.Date;
public class Book {
private int id;
private String author;
private String name;
private double price;
private Date pubDate;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Date getPubDate() {
return pubDate;
}
public void setPubDate(Date pubDate) {
this.pubDate = pubDate;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book [id=" + id + ", author=" + author + ", name=" + name
+ ", price=" + price + ", pubDate=" + pubDate + "]";
}
}
Book.hbm.xml代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.myeclipse.pojo">
<class name="Book" table="t_book" lazy="false">
<id name="id">
<generator class="identity" />
</id>
<property name="author" />
<property name="name" column="book_name" />
<property name="price" />
<property name="pubDate" />
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
HibernateUtil代码:
package com.robert.util;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
/**
* hibernate工具类
*/
public class HibernateUtil {
private static Configuration cfg = null;
private static SessionFactory factory = null;
private static Session session = null ;
static {
init();
}
/**
* 初始化获得Configuration和SessionFacroty对象
*/
public static void init() {
cfg = new Configuration().configure();
factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
.applySettings(cfg.getProperties()).build());
}
/**
* 获得Session对象
* @return
*/
public static Session getSession() {
if (factory != null){
return session = factory.openSession();
}
init();
return session = factory.openSession();
}
/**
* 关闭Session
*/
public static void closeSession() {
if(session!=null && session.isOpen())
session.close();
}
}
hibernate.cfg.xml代码:
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 配置数据库连接信息 -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate4</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">root</property>
<!-- 数据库方言 -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
</property>
<!-- 是否打印sql语句 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 格式化sql语句 -->
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 数据库更新方式:
1、create:每次更新都先把原有数据库表删除,然后创建该表;
2、create-drop:使用create-drop时,在显示关闭SessionFacroty时(sessionFactory.close()),将drop掉数据库Schema(表)
3、validate:检测;
4、update(常用):如果表不存在则创建,如果存在就不创建
-->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!-- hbm映射文件 -->
<mapping resource="com/myeclipse/pojo/Book.hbm.xml" />
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
HibernateTest测试类代码:
package com.ghibernate.test;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.myeclipse.pojo.Book;
import com.robert.util.HibernateUtil;
public class HibernateTest {
@Test
public void testCreateDB() {
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
SchemaExport se = new SchemaExport(cfg);
// 第一个参数:是否生成ddl脚本
// 第二个参数:是否执行到数据库中
se.create(true, true);
}
@Test
public void testSave() {
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
Book book = new Book();
book.setName("读者");
book.setPrice(5.6);
book.setAuthor("众人");
book.setPubDate(new Date());
Book book1 = new Book();
book1.setName("傲慢与偏见");
book1.setPrice(80.0);
book1.setAuthor("简.奥斯汀");
book1.setPubDate(new Date());
Book book2 = new Book();
book2.setName("中国历史");
book2.setPrice(30.0);
book2.setAuthor("人民出版社");
book2.setPubDate(new Date());
Book book3 = new Book();
book3.setName("翩眇之旅");
book3.setPrice(70.0);
book3.setAuthor("萧鼎");
book3.setPubDate(new Date());
Book book4 = new Book();
book4.setName("蓝血人");
book4.setPrice(60.0);
book4.setAuthor("卫斯理");
book4.setPubDate(new Date());
Book book5 = new Book();
book5.setName("我的大学");
book5.setPrice(60.5);
book5.setAuthor("高尔基");
book5.setPubDate(new Date());
session.save(book);
session.save(book1);
session.save(book2);
session.save(book3);
session.save(book4);
session.save(book5);
tx.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
}
@Test
public void testIterator() {
Session session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
List<Book> list = session.createQuery("from Book").list() ;
for(Book book : list) {
System.out.println("书名:"+book.getName());
}
tx.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
System.out.println("-----------------上面是list方式-------------------------");
System.out.println("-----------------下面是iterator方式---------------------");
session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
tx = session.beginTransaction();
Iterator<Book> iter = session.createQuery("from Book").iterate() ;
for (; iter.hasNext();) {
Book book = (Book) iter.next();
System.out.println("iterator遍历的书名:"+book.getName());
}
tx.commit();
HibernateUtil.closeSession();
}
}
先运行testCreateDB(),重新生成数据库表;
执行testSave(),保存数据;
执行testIterator()方法,生成的sql语句如下:
Hibernate:
select
book0_.id as id1_0_,
book0_.author as author2_0_,
book0_.book_name as book_nam3_0_,
book0_.price as price4_0_,
book0_.pubDate as pubDate5_0_
from
t_book book0_
书名:读者
书名:傲慢与偏见
书名:中国历史
书名:翩眇之旅
书名:蓝血人
书名:我的大学
-----------------上面是list方式-------------------------
-----------------下面是iterator方式---------------------
Hibernate:
select
book0_.id as col_0_0_
from
t_book book0_
Hibernate:
select
book0_.id as id1_0_0_,
book0_.author as author2_0_0_,
book0_.book_name as book_nam3_0_0_,
book0_.price as price4_0_0_,
book0_.pubDate as pubDate5_0_0_
from
t_book book0_
where
book0_.id=?
iterator遍历的书名:读者
Hibernate:
select
book0_.id as id1_0_0_,
book0_.author as author2_0_0_,
book0_.book_name as book_nam3_0_0_,
book0_.price as price4_0_0_,
book0_.pubDate as pubDate5_0_0_
from
t_book book0_
where
book0_.id=?
iterator遍历的书名:傲慢与偏见
Hibernate:
select
book0_.id as id1_0_0_,
book0_.author as author2_0_0_,
book0_.book_name as book_nam3_0_0_,
book0_.price as price4_0_0_,
book0_.pubDate as pubDate5_0_0_
from
t_book book0_
where
book0_.id=?
iterator遍历的书名:中国历史
Hibernate:
select
book0_.id as id1_0_0_,
book0_.author as author2_0_0_,
book0_.book_name as book_nam3_0_0_,
book0_.price as price4_0_0_,
book0_.pubDate as pubDate5_0_0_
from
t_book book0_
where
book0_.id=?
iterator遍历的书名:翩眇之旅
Hibernate:
select
book0_.id as id1_0_0_,
book0_.author as author2_0_0_,
book0_.book_name as book_nam3_0_0_,
book0_.price as price4_0_0_,
book0_.pubDate as pubDate5_0_0_
from
t_book book0_
where
book0_.id=?
iterator遍历的书名:蓝血人
Hibernate:
select
book0_.id as id1_0_0_,
book0_.author as author2_0_0_,
book0_.book_name as book_nam3_0_0_,
book0_.price as price4_0_0_,
book0_.pubDate as pubDate5_0_0_
from
t_book book0_
where
book0_.id=?
iterator遍历的书名:我的大学