WebSocket spring示例demo （已使用sockJs库）

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-20 14:38:11 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-20 14:38:11 发布

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分类专栏： java基础文章标签： java maven 博客 websocket spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u011991249/article/details/51472020

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1、简介

作为下一代的Web标准，HTML5拥有许多引人注目的新特性，如 Canvas、本地存储、多媒体编程接口、WebSocket等等。这其中有“Web的 TCP”之称的 WebSocket格外吸引开发人员的注意。WebSocket的出现使得浏览器提供对 Socket的支持成为可能，从而在浏览器和服务器之间提供了一个基于TCP连接的双向通道。Web开发人员可以非常方便地使用WebSocket构建实时 web 应用，开发人员的手中从此又多了一柄神兵利器。

Web 应用的信息交互过程通常是客户端通过浏览器发出一个请求，服务器端接收和审核完请求后进行处理并返回结果给客户端，然后客户端浏览器将信息呈现出来，这种机制对于信息变化不是特别频繁的应用尚能相安无事，但是对于那些实时要求比较高的应用来说，比如说在线游戏、在线证券、设备监控、新闻在线播报、RSS订阅推送等等，当客户端浏览器准备呈现这些信息的时候，这些信息在服务器端可能已经过时了。所以保持客户端和服务器端的信息同步是实时 Web应用的关键要素，对 Web开发人员来说也是一个难题。在 WebSocket规范出来之前，开发人员想实现这些实时的Web应用，不得不采用一些折衷的方案，其中最常用的就是轮询(Polling)和 Comet 技术，而Comet技术实际上是轮询技术的改进，又可细分为两种实现方式，一种是长轮询机制，一种称为流技术。

HTML5 WebSocket 设计出来的目的就是要取代轮询和 Comet技术，使客户端浏览器具备像 C/S架构下桌面系统的实时通讯能力。浏览器通过JavaScript向服务器发出建立 WebSocket连接的请求，连接建立以后，客户端和服务器端就可以通过 TCP连接直接交换数据。因为 WebSocket连接本质上就是一个TCP连接，所以在数据传输的稳定性和数据传输量的大小方面，和轮询以及Comet技术比较，具有很大的性能优势。

但是鉴于web socket 对浏览器要求比较高，为了解决这个问题，推出了sockJS，SockJS是一个JavaScript库，提供跨浏览器 javascript的API，创建了一个低延迟、全双工的浏览器和web服务器之间通信通道。

2、相关环境要求

Spring4.0.6(要选择4.0+),tomcat7.0.55版本，JDK1.7。

3、具体代码

（以下代码亲测可用！）

（1）web.xml:

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.1" 
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd">
    <description>用来测试WebSocket基础上推送的功能</description>
    <distributable/>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>     
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- Spring 刷新Introspector防止内存泄露 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>      
        <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>
           30
        </session-timeout>
    </session-config>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>testSocket.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

(2) dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
             xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <annotation-driven/>
    <!-- 自动扫描的包名 -->
    <context:component-scanbase-package="zyy.sockjs.config"></context:component-scan>
</beans:beans>

(3) HandshakeInterceptor.java

package zyy.sockjs.config;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.support.HttpSessionHandshakeInterceptor;

@Component
public class HandshakeInterceptor extends HttpSessionHandshakeInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean beforeHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request,
    ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler,
    Map<String, Object> attributes) throws Exception {
    System.out.println("Before Handshake");
    return super.beforeHandshake(request,response,wsHandler,attributes);
}

@Override
public void afterHandshake(ServerHttpRequest request,
    ServerHttpResponse response, WebSocketHandler wsHandler,
    Exception ex) {
    System.out.println("After Handshake");
    super.afterHandshake(request,response,wsHandler,ex);
}
}

(4)InfoSocketEndPoint.java

package zyy.sockjs.config;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
import org.springframework.web.socket.handler.TextWebSocketHandler;

@Component
public class InfoSocketEndPoint extends TextWebSocketHandler {
public InfoSocketEndPoint() {
}

@Override
protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session,
	TextMessage message) throws Exception {
	super.handleTextMessage(session, message);
	TextMessage returnMessage = new TextMessage(message.getPayload()
	+ " received at server");
	session.sendMessage(returnMessage);
}
}

(5)SystemWebSocketHandler.java

package zyy.sockjs.config;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.socket.CloseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.socket.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketMessage;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketSession;
/**
*
* @author dayu
*/

@Component
public class SystemWebSocketHandler implements WebSocketHandler {
   @Override
   public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {
       System.out.println("connect to the websocket success......");
       session.sendMessage(new TextMessage("Server:connected OK!"));
   }

   @Override
   public void handleMessage(WebSocketSession wss, WebSocketMessage<?> wsm) throws Exception {
      TextMessage returnMessage = new TextMessage(wsm.getPayload()
	  + " received at server");
	  wss.sendMessage(returnMessage);
   }

   @Override
   public void handleTransportError(WebSocketSession wss, Throwable thrwbl) throws Exception {
       if(wss.isOpen()){
           wss.close();
       }
      System.out.println("websocket connection closed......");
   }

   @Override
   public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession wss, CloseStatus cs) throws Exception {
       System.out.println("websocket connection closed......");
   }

   @Override
   public boolean supportsPartialMessages() {
       return false;
   }
}

(6)WebSocketConfig.java

package zyy.sockjs.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.socket.WebSocketHandler;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocket;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketHandlerRegistry;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter implements
        WebSocketConfigurer {
    public WebSocketConfig() {
    }

    @Override
    public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addHandler(systemWebSocketHandler(), "/websck").addInterceptors(new HandshakeInterceptor());
       System.out.println("registed!");
        registry.addHandler(systemWebSocketHandler(), "/sockjs/websck/info").addInterceptors(new HandshakeInterceptor())
                .withSockJS();
    }

    @Bean
    public WebSocketHandler systemWebSocketHandler() {
        return new SystemWebSocketHandler();
    }
}

(7)testSocket.jsp

<%@ page language="java"contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>WebSocket/SockJS Echo Sample (Adapted from Tomcat's echo sample)</title>
    <style type="text/css">
        #connect-container {
            float: left;
            width: 400px
        }
        #connect-container div {
           padding: 5px;
        }
        #console-container {
            float: left;
            margin-left: 15px;
            width: 400px;
        }
        #console {
            border:1px solid #CCCCCC;
            border-right-color:#33333333;
            border-bottom-color:#999999;
            height: 170px;
            overflow-y: scroll;
            padding: 5px;
            width: 100%;
        }
        #console p {
            padding: 0;
            margin: 0;
        }
    </style>
<script src="http://cdn.sockjs.org/sockjs-0.3.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
        var ws = null;
        var url = null;
        var transports = [];
        function setConnected(connected) {
            document.getElementById('connect').disabled = connected;
            document.getElementById('disconnect').disabled = !connected;
            document.getElementById('echo').disabled = !connected;
        }
        function connect() {
            if (!url) {            
			log('Select whether to use W3C WebSocket or SockJS');              
                return;
            }
            //ws = (url.indexOf('sockjs') != -1) ?new SockJS(url, undefined, {protocols_whitelist: transports}) : new WebSocket(url);
            if ('WebSocket'in window) {
                ws= new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/SpringSocketJs/websck");
            }else {
                ws = new SockJS("http://localhost:8080/SpringSocketJs/sockjs/websck/info");
            }
            //websocket = new SockJS("http://localhost:8084/SpringWebSocketPush/sockjs/websck");
            ws.onopen = function () {
                setConnected(true);
                //log('Info: connection opened.');
            };
            ws.onmessage = function (event) {              
                log('Received: ' + event.data);
            };
            ws.onclose = function (event) {
                setConnected(false);
                log('Info: connection closed.');
                log(event);
            };
        }
        function disconnect() {
            if (ws != null) {
                ws.close();
                ws = null;
            }
            setConnected(false);
        }
        function echo() {
            if (ws != null) {
                var message = document.getElementById('message').value;
                log('Sent: ' + message);
                ws.send(message);
            } else {
                alert('connection not established, please connect.');
            }
        }
        function updateUrl(urlPath) {
           if (urlPath.indexOf('sockjs') != -1) {
                url = urlPath;
                document.getElementById('sockJsTransportSelect').style.visibility ='visible';
            }
            else {
              if (window.location.protocol =='http:') {
                  url = 'ws://' + window.location.host + urlPath;
              } else {
                  url = 'wss://' + window.location.host + urlPath;
              }
              document.getElementById('sockJsTransportSelect').style.visibility ='hidden';
            }
        }
        function updateTransport(transport) {
          transports = (transport == 'all') ?  [] : [transport];
        }    
        function log(message) {
            var console = document.getElementById('console');
            var p = document.createElement('p');
            p.style.wordWrap = 'break-word';
            p.appendChild(document.createTextNode(message));
            console.appendChild(p);
            while (console.childNodes.length > 25) {
               console.removeChild(console.firstChild);
            }
            console.scrollTop = console.scrollHeight;
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
<noscript><h2 style="color:#ff0000">Seems your browser doesn't supportJavascript!Websockets 
    rely on Javascript being enabled. Please enable
    Javascript and reload this page!</h2></noscript>
<div>
    <div id="connect-container">
        <input id="radio1"type="radio"name="group1"οnclick="updateUrl('/SpringSocketJs/websocket');">
            <label for="radio1">W3C WebSocket</label>
        <br>
        <input id="radio2"type="radio"name="group1"οnclick="updateUrl('/SpringSocketJs/sockjs/websocket');">
            <label for="radio2">SockJS</label>
        <div id="sockJsTransportSelect" style="visibility:hidden;">
            <span>SockJS transport:</span>
            <select οnchange="updateTransport(this.value)">
              <option value="all">all</option>
              <option value="websocket">websocket</option>
              <option value="xhr-polling">xhr-polling</option>
              <option value="jsonp-polling">jsonp-polling</option>
              <option value="xhr-streaming">xhr-streaming</option>
              <option value="iframe-eventsource">iframe-eventsource</option>
              <option value="iframe-htmlfile">iframe-htmlfile</option>
            </select>
        </div>
        <div>
            <button id="connect"οnclick="connect();">Connect</button>
            <button id="disconnect"disabled="disabled"οnclick="disconnect();">Disconnect</button>
        </div>
        <div>
           <textarea id="message"style="width:350px">Here is a message!</textarea>
        </div>
        <div>
            <button id="echo"οnclick="echo();"disabled="disabled">Echo message</button>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div id="console-container">
        <div id="console"></div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>