html5已经出来好长一段时间了,只是最近才开始接触到它,html5提供了很多内置的函数可以实现很多功能,比如 画线段、画矩形、画圆、画弧等。但是html5没有提供画虚线的功能,如果想实现在canvas上画曲线就要发费一点功夫了。
下面提供两种方式实现画虚线的功能:
方法一就是就是单独写一个函数,当想画曲线的时候就调用这个曲线就行了。
function drawDashLine(context , x, y, x2, y2, dashLength)
{
<pre style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>dashLength=dashLength === <span style="color:#660e7a;"><strong>undefined</strong></span>?<span style="color:#0000ff;">5</span>:dashLength;
<span style="color:#000080;"><strong><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>var </strong></span><span style="color:#458383;">deltaX </span>= x2-x;
<span style="color:#000080;"><strong><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>var </strong></span><span style="color:#458383;">deltaY </span>= y2-y;
<span style="color:#000080;"><strong><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>var </strong></span><span style="color:#458383;">numDashs </span>= <span style="color:#660e7a;"><strong>Math</strong></span>.<span style="color:#7a7a43;">floor</span>(<span style="color:#660e7a;"><strong>Math</strong></span>.<span style="color:#7a7a43;">sqrt</span>(<span style="color:#458383;">deltaX</span>*<span style="color:#458383;">deltaX</span>+<span style="color:#458383;">deltaY</span>*<span style="color:#458383;">deltaY</span>)/dashLength);
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>
<span style="color:#000080;"><strong><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>for</strong></span>(<span style="color:#000080;"><strong>var </strong></span><span style="color:#458383;">i </span>=<span style="color:#0000ff;">0 </span>;<span style="color:#458383;">i</span><<span style="color:#458383;">numDashs</span>;<span style="color:#458383;">i</span>++)
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>{
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>context[<span style="color:#458383;">i</span>%<span style="color:#0000ff;">2</span>===<span style="color:#0000ff;">0</span>?<span style="color:#008000;"><strong>'moveTo'</strong></span>:<span style="color:#008000;"><strong>'lineTo'</strong></span>](x+(<span style="color:#458383;">deltaX</span>/<span style="color:#458383;">numDashs</span>)*<span style="color:#458383;">i</span>,y+(<span style="color:#458383;">deltaY</span>/<span style="color:#458383;">numDashs</span>)*<span style="color:#458383;">i</span>);
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>}
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>context.<span style="color:#7a7a43;">stroke</span>();
}
当需要画虚线的时候直接调用这个方法就行了。但是有的人可能会需要将这个函数直接植入到html5,以方便任何时候调用,这也是可行的,但是只是针对你自己使用。
方法二,上面已经提示到了,可以将这个方法直接植入到html5,当做canvas的一个函数,
CanvasRenderingContext2D.prototype.dashedLine = function(x,y,x2,y2,
dashArray)
{
var temp = 0.1;
if (!dashArray)
dashArray = [ 10, 5 ];
var dashCount = dashArray.length;
this.moveTo(x + temp, y + temp);
var dx = (x2 - x), dy = (y2 - y);
var slope = dx ? dy / dx : 1e15;
var distRemaining = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
var dashIndex = 0, draw = true;
while (distRemaining >= 0.1 && dashIndex < 10000)
{
var dashLength = dashArray[dashIndex++ % dashCount];
if (dashLength == 0)
dashLength = 0.001; // Hack for Safari
if (dashLength > distRemaining)
dashLength = distRemaining;
var xStep = Math
.sqrt(dashLength * dashLength / (1 + slope * slope));
x += xStep;
y += slope * xStep;
this[draw ? 'lineTo' : 'moveTo'](x + temp, y + temp);
distRemaining -= dashLength;
draw = !draw;
}
// Ensure that the last segment is closed for proper stroking
this.moveTo(0, 0);
}
实际上方法二不仅可以画虚线,虚线只是其中之一的功能,主要的区别在于最后一个参数的设置,设置的不同,所绘制的虚线类型也不相同。至于为什么,大家如果愿意的话,可以自己去研究一下。