Retrofit--创建一个可扩展的客户端

Retrofit提供了很多的功能，而且可以灵活配置。今天介绍如何创建可扩展的Retrofit客户端

ServiceGenerator

在前几节中，我们是这样访问网络的

      //请求的Base url
        String API_BASE_URL = "https://news-at.zhihu.com/";
        //通过给okhttpClient设置拦截器，能很方便的看到网络返回的数据
        OkHttpClient.Builder httpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
        HttpLoggingInterceptor httpLoggingInterceptor = new HttpLoggingInterceptor();
        httpLoggingInterceptor.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);
        httpClient.addInterceptor(httpLoggingInterceptor);

        //简单配置ZhiHuClient
        Retrofit.Builder builder = new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl(API_BASE_URL)
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create());
        Retrofit retrofit = builder.client(httpClient.build()).build();

        ZhiHuClient client = retrofit.create(ZhiHuClient.class);

        //传入参数，动态替换url上的参数
//        Call<ZhiHuPaseNews> call = client.getZhiHuPastNews("20170707");

        //动态替换baseUrl
        Call<ZhiHuPaseNews> call = client.getZhiHuLatestNews();

        //异步请求
        call.enqueue(new Callback<ZhiHuPaseNews>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<ZhiHuPaseNews> call, Response<ZhiHuPaseNews> response) {
                //成功返回的回调
                //TODO:把返回结果展示
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<ZhiHuPaseNews> call, Throwable t) {
                //失败返回的回调
                //TODO:处理返回失败
            }
        });

对于只有一个请求还好说，但是当整个应用存在着大量访问网络的请求，那么就变得难以管理了。而且每次访问网络都需要，重新创建对象，维护和学习成本都比较大。我们来改进一下。

public class ServiceGenerator {
    private static final String BASE_URL = "https://news-at.zhihu.com/";
    private static Retrofit.Builder builder = new Retrofit.Builder()
            .baseUrl(BASE_URL)
            .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create());
    private static Retrofit retrofit = builder.build();
    private static OkHttpClient.Builder httpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
    private static HttpLoggingInterceptor loggingInterceptor = new HttpLoggingInterceptor().setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);

    public static <S> S createService(Class<S> serviceClass) {
        if (!httpClient.interceptors().contains(loggingInterceptor)) {
            httpClient.addInterceptor(loggingInterceptor);
            builder.client(httpClient.build());
            retrofit = builder.build();
        }
        return retrofit.create(serviceClass);
    }
}

使用静态能使我们避免重复创建对象,节省内存，使用相同的对象OkhttpClient,Retrofit,在整个应用程序中只打开一个socket连接，处理所有的请求和响应，包括缓存等。

使用

在上一节中，我们访问一个网络是这样的

  //请求的Base url
        String API_BASE_URL = "http://www.tngou.net/";


        //通过给okhttpClient设置拦截器，能很方便的看到网络返回的数据
        OkHttpClient.Builder httpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
        HttpLoggingInterceptor httpLoggingInterceptor = new HttpLoggingInterceptor();
        httpLoggingInterceptor.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);
        httpClient.addInterceptor(httpLoggingInterceptor);

        //简单配置tngouClient
        Retrofit.Builder builder = new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl(API_BASE_URL)
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create());
        Retrofit retrofit = builder.client(httpClient.build()).build();

        TngouClient tngouClient = retrofit.create(TngouClient.class);

//        Call<TngouHealth> call = tngouClient.getTngouHealth(3, null);
        Call<TngouHealth> call = tngouClient.getTngouHealth(3, 10);

        //异步请求
        call.enqueue(new Callback<TngouHealth>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<TngouHealth> call, Response<TngouHealth> response) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<TngouHealth> call, Throwable t) {

            }
        });

现在可以使用我们的ServiceGenerator了

TngouClient tngouClient = ServiceGenerator.createService(TngouClient.class);
        Call<TngouHealth> call = tngouClient.getTngouHealth(3, 10);
        call.enqueue(new Callback<TngouHealth>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<TngouHealth> call, Response<TngouHealth> response) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<TngouHealth> call, Throwable t) {

            }
        });

所有的配置信息都移进serviceGenerator中

下载地址

参考