linux驱动开发--copy_to_user 、copy_from_user函数实现内核空间数据与用户空间数据的相互访问

设备读操作

如果该操作为空,将使得read系统调用返回负EINVAL失败,正常返回实际读取的字节数

ssize_t (*read)(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t  count, lofft *f_pos);
filp:待操作的设备文件file结构体指针
buf:待写入所读取数据的用户空间缓冲区指针
count:待读取数据字节数
f_pos:待读取数据文件位置,读取完成后根据实际读取字节数重新定位
返回:成功实际读取的字节数,失败返回负值


设备写操作
如果该操作为空,将使得write系统调用返回负EINVAL失败,正常返回实际写入的字节数
ssize_t (*write)(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *f_pos);

filp:待操作的设备文件file结构体指针
buf:待写入所读取数据的用户空间缓冲区指针
count:待读取数据字节数
f_pos:待读取数据文件位置,写入完成后根据实际写入字节数重新定位
返回:成功实际写入的字节数,失败返回负值


内核为驱动程序提供在内核空间和用户空间传递数据的方法
定义在arch/arm/include/asm/uaccess.h中
用户空间-->内核空间
copy_from_user函数
unsigned long copy_from_user(void *to, const void *from, unsigned long n);
to:目标地址(内核空间)
from:源地址(用户空间)
n:将要拷贝数据的字节数
返回:成功返回0,失败返回没有拷贝成功的数据字节数
get_user宏
int get_user(data, ptr);
data:可以是字节、半字、字、双字类型的内核变量
ptr:用户空间内存指针
返回:成功返回0,失败返回非0

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

内核空间-->用户空间
copy_to_user函数
unsigned long copy_to_user(void *to, const void *from, unsigned long n)
to:目标地址(用户空间)
from:源地址(内核空间)
n:将要拷贝数据的字节数
返回:成功返回0,失败返回没有拷贝成功的数据字节数
put_user宏:
int put_user(data, prt)
data:可以是字节、半字、字、双字类型的内核变量
ptr:用户空间内存指针
返回:成功返回0, 失败返回非0

/**
*Copyright (c) 2013.TianYuan
*All rights reserved.
*
*文件名称: char_device_driver08.c
*文件标识: copy_to_user 、copy_from_user函数的使用
*
*当前版本:1.0
*作者:wuyq 
*
*取代版本:xxx
*原作者:xxx
*完成日期:2013-11-28
*/
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>


MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
#define CDD_MAJOR	200//cat /proc/devices找一个尚未使用的
#define CDD_MINOR	0
#define CDD_COUNT	10
dev_t dev = 0;
u32 cdd_major = 0;
u32 cdd_minor = 0;

struct class *dev_class = NULL;
#define BUF_SIZE	100
struct cdd_cdev{
	struct cdev cdev;
	struct device *dev_device;
	u8 led;
	
	char kbuf[BUF_SIZE];
};

struct cdd_cdev *cdd_cdevp = NULL;

int cdd_open(struct inode* inode, struct file *filp)
{
	struct cdd_cdev *pcdevp = NULL;
	printk("enter cdd_open!\n");
	
	pcdevp = container_of(inode->i_cdev, struct cdd_cdev, cdev);
	printk("led = %d\n", pcdevp->led);
	
	filp->private_data = pcdevp;
	
	return 0;
}

int cdd_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *offset)
{
	int ret = 0;
	
	struct cdd_cdev *cdevp = filp->private_data;
	printk("enter cdd_read!\n");
	ret = copy_to_user(buf, cdevp->kbuf, count);
	printk("kernel kbuf content:%s\n", cdevp->kbuf);
	return ret;
}

int cdd_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *offset)
{
	int ret = 0;
	struct cdd_cdev *cdevp = filp->private_data;	
	printk("enter cdd_write!\n");
	
	ret = copy_from_user(cdevp->kbuf, buf, count);
	
	return ret;
}

int cdd_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long data)
{
	printk("enter cdd_ioctl!\n");
	return 0;
}

int cdd_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	printk("enter cdd_release!\n");
	return 0;
}

struct file_operations cdd_fops = {
	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
	.open = cdd_open,
	.read = cdd_read,
	.write = cdd_write,
	.ioctl = cdd_ioctl,
	.release = cdd_release,
	};

int __init cdd_init(void)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int i = 0;
	
	if(cdd_major){
		dev = MKDEV(CDD_MAJOR, CDD_MINOR);//生成设备号
		//注册设备号;1、要注册的起始设备号2、连续注册的设备号个数3、名字
		ret = register_chrdev_region(dev, CDD_COUNT, "cdd_demo");
	}else{
		// 动态分配设备号
		ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&dev, cdd_minor, CDD_COUNT, "cdd_demo02");
	}
	
	if(ret < 0){
		printk("register_chrdev_region failed!\n");
		goto failure_register_chrdev;
	}
	//获取主设备号
	cdd_major = MAJOR(dev);
	printk("cdd_major = %d\n", cdd_major);
	
	cdd_cdevp = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cdd_cdev)*CDD_COUNT, GFP_KERNEL);
	if(IS_ERR(cdd_cdevp)){
		printk("kzalloc failed!\n");
		goto failure_kzalloc;
	}
	/*创建设备类*/
	dev_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "cdd_class");
	if(IS_ERR(dev_class)){
		printk("class_create failed!\n");
		goto failure_dev_class;
	}
	for(i=0; i<CDD_COUNT; i++){
		/*初始化cdev*/
		cdev_init(&(cdd_cdevp[i].cdev), &cdd_fops);
		/*添加cdev到内核*/
		cdev_add(&(cdd_cdevp[i].cdev), dev+i, 1);
		/* “/dev/xxx” */
		device_create(dev_class, NULL, dev+i, NULL, "cdd%d", i);
		
		cdd_cdevp[i].led = i;
		
	}
	
	return 0;
failure_dev_class:
	kfree(cdd_cdevp);
failure_kzalloc:
	unregister_chrdev_region(dev, CDD_COUNT);
failure_register_chrdev:
	return ret;
}

void __exit cdd_exit(void)
{
/*逆序消除*/
	int i = 0;
	for(; i < CDD_COUNT; i++){
		device_destroy(dev_class, dev+i);
		cdev_del(&(cdd_cdevp[i].cdev));
		//cdev_del(&((cdd_cdevp+i)->cdev));
	}
	class_destroy(dev_class);
	kfree(cdd_cdevp);
	unregister_chrdev_region(dev, CDD_COUNT);
	
}	

module_init(cdd_init);
module_exit(cdd_exit);

/**
*Copyright (c) 2013.TianYuan
*All rights reserved.
*
*文件名称: char_device_driver08_test.c
*文件标识: 测试程序:测试内核空间的copy_to_user、copy_frome_user
*	执行:先./char_device_driver08_test	再cat /dev/cdd0 cat /dev/cdd5观察两者的区别
*当前版本:1.0
*作者:wuyq 
*
*取代版本:xxx
*原作者:xxx
*完成日期:2013-11-28
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/*手工创建设备节点文件
mknod /dev/cdd c 248 0
*/
int fd = 0;
char rbuf[100];
char wbuf[100] = "nihao!\n";


int main()
{
	char ch;
	
	fd = open("/dev/cdd5", O_RDWR);
	if(fd < 0){
		printf("open failed!\n");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("open successed fd = %d\n", fd);
	while(1)
	{
		printf("starting to test /dev/cdd...\n");
		ch = getchar();
		getchar();//取走回车
		if(ch == 'q'){
			break;
		}
		switch(ch){
			case 'r':
				read(fd, rbuf, 100);
				printf("user space from kernel: %s\n", rbuf);
				break;
			case 'w':
				write(fd, wbuf, 100);
				break;
			case 'o':
				ioctl(fd, 0, 0);
				break;
			default:
				break;
		}
		sleep(1);
	}
	
	close(fd);
	return 0;
}



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pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640通过给RTC驱动增加设备节点读取秒钟成功+直接读取I2C1获取秒钟值20160626_2201.7z http://blog.csdn.net/21cnbao/article/details/7919055 在Android源码树中添加userspace I2C读写工具(i2c-util) 本文使用的开发板是:杭州若格科技有限公司的全志R8。CPU:CPUARM Cortex-A8 更多芯片资料请参见全志官网: http://www.allwinnertech.com/clq/r/R8.html 通过/dev/i2c-n节点,用户可以在userspace直接访问板上的i2c外设寄存器,主要是透过I2C_RDWR这个IO控制命令将i2c_msg数组传递给kernel去执行。 开发板的/dev/i2c-1总线下挂有一片I2C的RTC:pcf8563。 root@android:/dev # cd /sys/class/i2c-adapter/ root@android:/sys/class/i2c-adapter # ll lrwxrwxrwx root root 1970-01-02 08:31 i2c-0 -> ../../devices/platform/sun5i-i2c.0/i2c-0 lrwxrwxrwx root root 1970-01-02 08:31 i2c-1 -> ../../devices/platform/sun5i-i2c.1/i2c-1 lrwxrwxrwx root root 1970-01-02 08:31 i2c-2 -> ../../devices/platform/sun5i-i2c.2/i2c-2 root@android:/sys/class/i2c-adapter # cd i2c-1 root@android:/sys/class/i2c-adapter/i2c-1 # ll drwxr-xr-x root root 1970-01-02 08:31 1-0051 --w------- root root 4096 1970-01-02 08:31 delete_device lrwxrwxrwx root root 1970-01-02 08:31 device -> ../../sun5i-i2c.1 drwxr-xr-x root root 1970-01-01 08:00 i2c-dev -r--r--r-- root root 4096 1970-01-02 08:31 name --w------- root root 4096 1970-01-02 08:31 new_device drwxr-xr-x root root 1970-01-01 08:00 power lrwxrwxrwx root root 1970-01-02 08:31 subsystem -> ../../../../bus/i2c -rw-r--r-- root root 4096 1970-01-01 08:00 uevent root@android:/sys/class/i2c-adapter/i2c-1 # root@android:/sys/class/i2c-adapter/i2c-1 # cd 1-0051/ root@android:/sys/class/i2c-adapter/i2c-1/1-0051 # ll lrwxrwxrwx root root 1970-01-02 10:18 driver -> ../../../../../bus/i2c/drivers/pcf8563 -r--r--r-- root root 4096 1970-01-02 10:18 modalias -r--r--r-- root root 4096 1970-01-02 10:18 name drwxr-xr-x root root 1970-01-02 10:18 power drwxr-xr-x root root 1970-01-02 10:18 rtc lrwxrwxrwx root root 1970-01-02 10:18 subsystem -> ../../../../../bus/i2c -rw-r--r-- root root 4096 1970-01-02 10:18 uevent root@android:/sys/class/i2c-adapter/i2c-1/1-0051 # cat name pcf8563 root@android:/sys/class/i2c-adapter/i2c-1/1-0051 # 注释:1-0051 1 表示 i2c-1这条I2C1总线上挂载的设备,如果是I2C2总线上挂载的设备,路径就是2-00XX了。 0051 一般的I2C设备的从机地址都是一个字节的,因为前两位为0x00(16进制的),后两位为pcf8563移位自后的I2C从机地址0x51(也是16进制的) 压缩包中的PCF8563-CN.pdf,datasheet告诉我们:I2C总线从地址:读,0A3H;写,0A2H。右移一位之后正好是0x51。 下面的代码可以完成这个功能: #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include /* This is the structure as used in the I2C_RDWR ioctl call */ struct i2c_rdwr_ioctl_data { struct i2c_msg __user *msgs; /* pointers to i2c_msgs */ __u32 nmsgs; /* number of i2c_msgs */ }; int i2c_read_reg(char *dev, unsigned char *buf, unsigned slave_address, unsigned reg_address, int len) { struct i2c_rdwr_ioctl_data work_queue; unsigned char w_val = reg_address; int ret; int fd = open(dev, O_RDWR); if (!fd) { printf("Error on opening the device file\n"); return 0; } work_queue.nmsgs = 2; work_queue.msgs = (struct i2c_msg*)malloc(work_queue.nmsgs *sizeof(struct i2c_msg)); if (!work_queue.msgs) { printf("Memory alloc error\n"); close(fd); return 0; } ioctl(fd, I2C_TIMEOUT, 2); ioctl(fd, I2C_RETRIES, 1); (work_queue.msgs[0]).len = 1; (work_queue.msgs[0]).addr = slave_address; (work_queue.msgs[0]).buf = &w_val; (work_queue.msgs[1]).len = len; (work_queue.msgs[1]).flags = I2C_M_RD; (work_queue.msgs[1]).addr = slave_address; (work_queue.msgs[1]).buf = buf; ret = ioctl(fd, I2C_RDWR, (unsigned long) &work_queue); if (ret < 0) { printf("Error during I2C_RDWR ioctl with error code: %d\n", ret); close(fd); free(work_queue.msgs); return 0; } else { printf("read salve:x reg:x\n", slave_address, reg_address); close(fd); free(work_queue.msgs); return len; } } int i2c_write_reg(char *dev, unsigned char *buf, unsigned slave_address, unsigned reg_address, int len) { struct i2c_rdwr_ioctl_data work_queue; unsigned char w_val = reg_address; unsigned char w_buf[len+1]; int ret; w_buf[0] = reg_address; int fd = open(dev, O_RDWR); if (!fd) { printf("Error on opening the device file\n"); return 0; } work_queue.nmsgs = 1; work_queue.msgs = (struct i2c_msg*)malloc(work_queue.nmsgs *sizeof(struct i2c_msg)); if (!work_queue.msgs) { printf("Memory alloc error\n"); close(fd); return 0; } ioctl(fd, I2C_TIMEOUT, 2); ioctl(fd, I2C_RETRIES, 1); (work_queue.msgs[0]).len = 1 + len; (work_queue.msgs[0]).addr = slave_address; (work_queue.msgs[0]).buf = w_buf; memcpy(w_buf + 1, buf, len); ret = ioctl(fd, I2C_RDWR, (unsigned long) &work_queue); if (ret < 0) { printf("Error during I2C_RDWR ioctl with error code: %d\n", ret); close(fd); free(work_queue.msgs); return 0; } else { printf("write salve:x reg:x\n", slave_address, reg_address); close(fd); free(work_queue.msgs); return len; } } int main(int argc, char **argv) { unsigned int fd; unsigned int slave_address, reg_address; unsigned r_w; unsigned w_val; unsigned char rw_val; if (argc < 5) { printf("Usage:\n%s /dev/i2c-x start_addr reg_addr rw[0|1] [write_val]\n", argv[0]); return 0; } fd = open(argv[1], O_RDWR); if (!fd) { printf("Error on opening the device file %s\n", argv[1]); return 0; } sscanf(argv[2], "%x", &slave_address); sscanf(argv[3], "%x", &reg_address); sscanf(argv[4], "%d", &r_w); if (r_w == 0) { i2c_read_reg(argv[1], &rw_val, slave_address, reg_address, 1); printf("Read %s-%x reg %x, read value:%x\n", argv[1], slave_address, reg_address, rw_val); } else { if (argc < 6) { printf("Usage:\n%s /dev/i2c-x start_addr reg_addr r|w[0|1] [write_val]\n", argv[0]); return 0; } sscanf(argv[5], "%d", &w_val); if ((w_val & ~0xff) != 0) printf("Error on written value %s\n", argv[5]); rw_val = (unsigned char)w_val; i2c_write_reg(argv[1], &rw_val, slave_address, reg_address, 1); } return 0; } 在android/external/新建i2c-util目录,上述源代码存入android/external/i2c-util/i2c-util.c, R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\i2c-util\i2c-util.c 编写对应的Android.mk: LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional LOCAL_MODULE = i2c-util # LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-c-files) LOCAL_SRC_FILES := i2c-util.c include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE) 编译Android后,上述工具会位于/system/bin目录。在电路板上使用它: R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\out\target\product\nuclear-evb\system\bin\i2c-util 如果android已经编译了,只需要执行: rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ source build/envsetup.sh rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ lunch 选择:18. nuclear_evb-eng (注意:不同的ubuntu电脑,序号可能不同,但是只需要选择nuclear_evb-eng编译选项前面的序号既可!!!!) rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ cd i2c-util/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android/i2c-util$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android/i2c-util$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android/i2c-util$ mm 详细的编译步骤: Connecting to 192.168.1.103:22... Connection established. To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'. Welcome to Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (GNU/Linux 3.13.0-24-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/ Last login: Sun Jun 26 19:23:30 2016 from 192.168.1.101 rootroot@rootroot-E400:~$ cd wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640$ ll total 8606460 drwxr-xr-x 4 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 26 20:46 ./ drwxr-xr-x 19 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 25 06:50 ../ drwxrwxr-x 29 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 26 19:51 android/ drwxrwxr-x 8 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 26 16:35 lichee/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640$ cd android/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ source build/envsetup.sh including device/asus/grouper/vendorsetup.sh including device/asus/tilapia/vendorsetup.sh including device/generic/armv7-a-neon/vendorsetup.sh including device/generic/armv7-a/vendorsetup.sh including device/generic/mips/vendorsetup.sh including device/generic/x86/vendorsetup.sh including device/samsung/maguro/vendorsetup.sh including device/samsung/manta/vendorsetup.sh including device/samsung/toroplus/vendorsetup.sh including device/samsung/toro/vendorsetup.sh including device/softwinner/common/vendorsetup.sh including device/softwinner/crane-evb/vendorsetup.sh including device/softwinner/nuclear-256m/vendorsetup.sh including device/softwinner/nuclear-evb/vendorsetup.sh including device/softwinner/nuclear-r8m-evb/vendorsetup.sh including device/ti/panda/vendorsetup.sh including sdk/bash_completion/adb.bash rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ lunch You're building on Linux Lunch menu... pick a combo: 1. full-eng 2. full_x86-eng 3. vbox_x86-eng 4. full_mips-eng 5. full_grouper-userdebug 6. full_tilapia-userdebug 7. mini_armv7a_neon-userdebug 8. mini_armv7a-userdebug 9. mini_mips-userdebug 10. mini_x86-userdebug 11. full_maguro-userdebug 12. full_manta-userdebug 13. full_toroplus-userdebug 14. full_toro-userdebug 15. crane_evb-eng 16. nuclear_256m-user 17. nuclear_256m-eng 18. nuclear_evb-eng 19. nuclear_r8m_evb-eng 20. full_panda-userdebug Which would you like? [full-eng] 18 ============================================ PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL PLATFORM_VERSION=4.2.2 TARGET_PRODUCT=nuclear_evb TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=eng TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release TARGET_BUILD_APPS= TARGET_ARCH=arm TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a-neon HOST_ARCH=x86 HOST_OS=linux HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-24-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.04-trusty HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release BUILD_ID=JDQ39 OUT_DIR=out ============================================ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ ll total 156 drwxrwxr-x 29 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 26 19:51 ./ drwxr-xr-x 4 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 26 20:46 ../ drwxrwxr-x 3 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 abi/ drwxrwxr-x 10 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 bionic/ drwxrwxr-x 5 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 bootable/ drwxrwxr-x 7 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 build/ drwxrwxr-x 11 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 cts/ drwxrwxr-x 18 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 dalvik/ drwxrwxr-x 18 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 development/ drwxrwxr-x 10 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 device/ drwxrwxr-x 3 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 docs/ drwxrwxr-x 159 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:39 external/ drwxrwxr-x 14 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:40 frameworks/ drwxrwxr-x 10 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:40 gdk/ drwxrwxr-x 10 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:40 hardware/ drwxr-xr-x 2 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 26 19:37 i2cscan/ drwxr-xr-x 2 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 26 19:52 i2c-util/ drwxrwxr-x 11 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:40 libcore/ drwxrwxr-x 4 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:40 libnativehelper/ -r--r--r-- 1 rootroot rootroot 87 Jun 13 11:38 Makefile drwxrwxr-x 8 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:40 ndk/ drwxrwxr-x 4 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 26 16:43 out/ drwxrwxr-x 8 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:40 packages/ drwxrwxr-x 5 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:40 pdk/ drwxrwxr-x 10 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:41 prebuilts/ drwxr-xr-x 2 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 25 13:01 read_pcf8563/ drwxrwxr-x 6 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:38 .repo/ drwxrwxr-x 51 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:41 sdk/ drwxrwxr-x 9 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:41 system/ drwxrwxr-x 4 rootroot rootroot 4096 Jun 13 11:41 tools/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android$ cd i2c-util/ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android/i2c-util$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android/i2c-util$ rootroot@rootroot-E400:~/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android/i2c-util$ mm ============================================ PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL PLATFORM_VERSION=4.2.2 TARGET_PRODUCT=nuclear_evb TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=eng TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release TARGET_BUILD_APPS= TARGET_ARCH=arm TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a-neon HOST_ARCH=x86 HOST_OS=linux HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-24-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.04-trusty HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release BUILD_ID=JDQ39 OUT_DIR=out ============================================ PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/Effect_Tick.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/Effect_Tick.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/KeypressStandard.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/KeypressStandard.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/KeypressSpacebar.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/KeypressSpacebar.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/KeypressDelete.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/KeypressDelete.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/KeypressReturn.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/KeypressReturn.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/VideoRecord.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/VideoRecord.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/camera_click.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/camera_click.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/LowBattery.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/LowBattery.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/Dock.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/Dock.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/Undock.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/Undock.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/Lock.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/Lock.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/Unlock.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/Unlock.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Sceptrum.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Sceptrum.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/KeypressStandard_120.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/KeypressStandard.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/KeypressSpacebar_120.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/KeypressSpacebar.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/KeypressDelete_120.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/KeypressDelete.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/effects/ogg/KeypressReturn_120.ogg:system/media/audio/ui/KeypressReturn.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/notifications/ogg/Capella.ogg:system/media/audio/notifications/Capella.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/notifications/ogg/CetiAlpha.ogg:system/media/audio/notifications/CetiAlpha.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/notifications/ogg/Polaris.ogg:system/media/audio/notifications/Polaris.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/notifications/ogg/Pollux.ogg:system/media/audio/notifications/Pollux.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/notifications/ogg/Procyon.ogg:system/media/audio/notifications/Procyon.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Aquila.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Aquila.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/ArgoNavis.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/ArgoNavis.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Carina.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Carina.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Centaurus.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Centaurus.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Cygnus.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Cygnus.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Draco.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Draco.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Machina.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Machina.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Orion.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Orion.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Pegasus.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Pegasus.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Pyxis.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Pyxis.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Rigel.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Rigel.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Scarabaeus.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Scarabaeus.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES frameworks/base/data/sounds/ringtones/ogg/Solarium.ogg:system/media/audio/ringtones/Solarium.ogg ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES device/softwinner/nuclear-common/googleservice/gapps-jb-20121130-signed/system/tts/lang_pico/es-ES_zl0_sg.bin:system/tts/lang_pico/es-ES_zl0_sg.bin ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES device/softwinner/nuclear-common/googleservice/gapps-jb-20121130-signed/system/tts/lang_pico/es-ES_ta.bin:system/tts/lang_pico/es-ES_ta.bin ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES device/softwinner/nuclear-common/googleservice/gapps-jb-20121130-signed/system/tts/lang_pico/fr-FR_nk0_sg.bin:system/tts/lang_pico/fr-FR_nk0_sg.bin ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES device/softwinner/nuclear-common/googleservice/gapps-jb-20121130-signed/system/tts/lang_pico/fr-FR_ta.bin:system/tts/lang_pico/fr-FR_ta.bin ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES device/softwinner/nuclear-common/googleservice/gapps-jb-20121130-signed/system/tts/lang_pico/de-DE_gl0_sg.bin:system/tts/lang_pico/de-DE_gl0_sg.bin ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES device/softwinner/nuclear-common/googleservice/gapps-jb-20121130-signed/system/tts/lang_pico/it-IT_cm0_sg.bin:system/tts/lang_pico/it-IT_cm0_sg.bin ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES device/softwinner/nuclear-common/googleservice/gapps-jb-20121130-signed/system/tts/lang_pico/it-IT_ta.bin:system/tts/lang_pico/it-IT_ta.bin ignored. PRODUCT_COPY_FILES device/softwinner/nuclear-common/googleservice/gapps-jb-20121130-signed/system/tts/lang_pico/de-DE_ta.bin:system/tts/lang_pico/de-DE_ta.bin ignored. No private recovery resources for TARGET_DEVICE nuclear-evb make: Entering directory `/home/rootroot/wyb/pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640/android' target thumb C: i2c-util cd R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\out\target\product\nuclear-evb\system\bin C:\Users\Administrator.USER-20150913SZ>r: R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\out\target\product\nuclear-evb\system\bin>adb remount remount succeeded R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\out\target\product\nuclear-evb\system\bin> R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\out\target\product\nuclear-evb\system\bin>dir i2c* 驱动器 R 中的卷是 rootroot 卷的序列号是 1A1C-E71D R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\out\target\product\nuclear-evb\system\bin 的目录 2016/06/26 21:10 5,388 i2c-util 1 个文件 5,388 字节 0 个目录 268,337,782,784 可用字节 R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\out\target\product\nuclear-evb\system\bin> R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\out\target\product\nuclear-evb\system\bin>adb push i2c-util /data/ 29 KB/s (5388 bytes in 0.180s) R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\android\out\target\product\nuclear-evb\system\bin> 将R8的串口连接到windows电脑上。通过串口工具:比如Xshell5(有些人可能喜欢使用SecureCRT)读取R8的串口打印 (ubuntu下请使用minicom,使用方法请自行搜索了) 波特率选择:115200 N 8 1 等R8的android启动完成之后(LCD进android主界面),输入:su [ 37.990060] init: process 'ril-daemon', pid 950 exited [ 38.010049] init: process 'ril-daemon' killing any children in process group su root@android:/ # root@android:/ # root@android:/ # cd /data root@android:/data # root@android:/data # ll drwxrwxr-x system system 1970-01-11 08:58 anr drwxrwx--x system system 1970-01-02 08:01 app drwx------ root root 1980-10-01 11:03 app-asec drwxrwx--x system system 1970-01-02 08:01 app-lib drwxrwx--x system system 1980-10-01 11:03 app-private drwx------ system system 1980-10-01 11:04 backup drwxrwx--x system system 1970-01-02 08:00 dalvik-cache drwxrwx--x system system 2016-06-21 10:11 data drwxr-x--- root log 1980-10-01 11:03 dontpanic drwxrwx--- drm drm 1980-10-01 11:04 drm -rw-rw-rw- root root 5388 2016-06-26 21:10 i2c-util drwxr-x--x root root 1980-10-01 11:03 local drwxrwx--- root root 1970-01-01 08:00 lost+found drwxrwx--- media_rw media_rw 1980-10-01 11:03 media drwxrwx--t system misc 1980-10-01 11:03 misc -rw------- system system 154 1970-01-02 08:02 pointercal drwx------ root root 1970-01-02 08:00 property -rwxrwxrwx root root 5392 2016-06-25 13:01 read_pcf8563 drwxrwx--x system system 1980-10-01 11:03 resource-cache drwxr-x--- root shell 1980-10-01 11:03 ssh drwxrwxr-x system system 1970-01-02 08:00 system drwx------ system system 1970-01-02 08:03 tombstones drwx--x--x system system 1980-10-01 11:03 user root@android:/data # (让i2c-util具有可执行权限:) root@android:/data # chmod 777 i2c-util root@android:/data # root@android:/data # ll i2c* -rwxrwxrwx root root 5388 2016-06-26 21:10 i2c-util root@android:/data # root@android:/data # root@android:/data # (可选执行) root@android:/data # sync root@android:/data # 注意:串口打印会打印很多log信息。上面的步骤中的状态信息已经被过滤了。 如果你的串口打印过量的log信息,属于正常现象! 如果不想要这么多的状态信息,可以考虑使用adb shell。 不过windows命令行中的adb shell不能够按TAB键自动补充,ubuntu的可以。 也许我们可以把windows的命令行特别设计一下(给它修正一下),让它也可以通过按TAB键来自动补全!^_ 读取pcf8563的第2个寄存器(秒钟值): 表 5:BCD 格式寄存器概况 标明“-”的位无效 地址 寄存器名称 Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 02h 秒 VL 00~59BCD 码格式数 root@android:/data # ./i2c-util /dev/i2c-1 0x51 0x02 0 read salve:51 reg:02 Read /dev/i2c-1-51 reg 2, read value:11 root@android:/data # ./i2c-util /dev/i2c-1 0x51 0x02 0 read salve:51 reg:02 Read /dev/i2c-1-51 reg 2, read value:12 root@android:/data # ./i2c-util /dev/i2c-1 0x51 0x02 0 read salve:51 reg:02 Read /dev/i2c-1-51 reg 2, read value:12 root@android:/data # ./i2c-util /dev/i2c-1 0x51 0x02 0 read salve:51 reg:02 Read /dev/i2c-1-51 reg 2, read value:13 root@android:/data # ./i2c-util /dev/i2c-1 0x51 0x02 0 read salve:51 reg:02 Read /dev/i2c-1-51 reg 2, read value:14 root@android:/data # ./i2c-util /dev/i2c-1 0x51 0x02 0 read salve:51 reg:02 Read /dev/i2c-1-51 reg 2, read value:14 root@android:/data # ./i2c-util /dev/i2c-1 0x51 0x02 0 read salve:51 reg:02 Read /dev/i2c-1-51 reg 2, read value:15 可以知道秒钟的值是变化的,基本上是一秒钟递增一次,I2C读取成功。 如果感兴趣的话,在执行读取命令的时候通过协议分析仪或者示波器来抓取I2C1的SCL/SDA的波形,来进行更加详尽的分析!^_ 方法二: 给出了一种复杂的解决办法(步骤从简,更多请参考开头的方法): R:\wyb\pcf8563_i2c1_r8_ruoge_ov2640\lichee\linux-3.4\drivers\rtc\rtc-sun5i.c 给这个驱动文件增加设备节点:/dev/a20_r8_pcf8563 增加设备节点的方法请参考: http://blog.csdn.net/mirkerson/article/details/8844997 android驱动学习---led实验 然后在这个驱动文件的pcf8563_probe函数处截获它的client指针(struct i2c_client *client) client2 = client; 用户可以通过在userspace直接访问设备节点:/dev/a20_r8_pcf8563(open) 然后调用ioctl:ioctl(fd, 0x00000001, 0x02); 来获取第2个寄存器:秒钟的值了。 #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include int fd; int main(int argc, char **argv) { fd = open("/dev/a20_r8_pcf8563", O_RDWR); ioctl(fd, 0x00000001, 0x02); close(fd); return 0; } 执行过程(直接从内核打印秒钟值了,也可以看到秒钟值大概也是一秒钟递增一次!): root@android:/data # root@android:/data # ./read_pcf8563 [ 1397.060015] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1169/r8_pcf8563_open()! open init.... [ 1397.071009] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1130/r8_pcf8563_ioctl()! cmd=0x00000001 [ 1397.079076] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1160/r8_pcf8563_ioctl()! cmd=0x00000001, value=0x00000046 [ 1397.088342] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1177/r8_pcf8563_close()! close init root@android:/data # root@android:/data # ./read_pcf8563 [ 1398.409888] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1169/r8_pcf8563_open()! open init.... [ 1398.411203] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1130/r8_pcf8563_ioctl()! cmd=0x00000001 [ 1398.419273] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1160/r8_pcf8563_ioctl()! cmd=0x00000001, value=0x00000047 [ 1398.428546] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1177/r8_pcf8563_close()! close init root@android:/data # root@android:/data # root@android:/data # ./read_pcf8563 [ 1399.668173] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1169/r8_pcf8563_open()! open init.... [ 1399.670939] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1130/r8_pcf8563_ioctl()! cmd=0x00000001 [ 1399.679022] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1160/r8_pcf8563_ioctl()! cmd=0x00000001, value=0x00000048 [ 1399.688299] ****wyb drivers/rtc/rtc-sun5i.c:1177/r8_pcf8563_close()! close init root@android:/data #

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