OpenGL ES着色器语言之着色语言语法（官方文档第九章）

      语法是从词法分析的输出获得的。词法分析将返回以下标识：

ATTRIBUTE CONST BOOL FLOAT INT
BREAK CONTINUE DO ELSE FOR IF DISCARD RETURN
BVEC2 BVEC3 BVEC4 IVEC2 IVEC3 IVEC4 VEC2 VEC3 VEC4
MAT2 MAT3 MAT4 IN OUT INOUT UNIFORM VARYING
SAMPLER2D SAMPLERCUBE
STRUCT VOID WHILE
IDENTIFIER TYPE_NAME FLOATCONSTANT INTCONSTANT BOOLCONSTANT
FIELD_SELECTION
LEFT_OP RIGHT_OP
INC_OP DEC_OP LE_OP GE_OP EQ_OP NE_OP
AND_OP OR_OP XOR_OP MUL_ASSIGN DIV_ASSIGN ADD_ASSIGN
MOD_ASSIGN LEFT_ASSIGN RIGHT_ASSIGN AND_ASSIGN XOR_ASSIGN OR_ASSIGN
SUB_ASSIGN
LEFT_PAREN RIGHT_PAREN LEFT_BRACKET RIGHT_BRACKET LEFT_BRACE RIGHT_BRACE DOT
COMMA COLON EQUAL SEMICOLON BANG DASH TILDE PLUS STAR SLASH PERCENT
LEFT_ANGLE RIGHT_ANGLE VERTICAL_BAR CARET AMPERSAND QUESTION
INVARIANT
HIGH_PRECISION MEDIUM_PRECISION LOW_PRECISION PRECISION

     下面使用上面的标识符描述了OpenGL ES着色语言的语法。

variable_identifier:
IDENTIFIER
primary_expression:
variable_identifier
INTCONSTANT
FLOATCONSTANT
BOOLCONSTANT
LEFT_PAREN expression RIGHT_PAREN
postfix_expression:
primary_expression
postfix_expression LEFT_BRACKET integer_expression RIGHT_BRACKET


function_call
postfix_expression DOT FIELD_SELECTION
postfix_expression INC_OP
postfix_expression DEC_OP
integer_expression:
expression
function_call:
function_call_generic
function_call_generic:
function_call_header_with_parameters RIGHT_PAREN
function_call_header_no_parameters RIGHT_PAREN
function_call_header_no_parameters:
function_call_header VOID
function_call_header
function_call_header_with_parameters:
function_call_header assignment_expression
function_call_header_with_parameters COMMA assignment_expression
function_call_header:
function_identifier LEFT_PAREN
function_identifier:
constructor_identifier
IDENTIFIER
// Grammar Note: Constructors look like functions, but lexical analysis recognized most of them as
// keywords.
constructor_identifier:
FLOAT
INT
BOOL
VEC2
VEC3
VEC4


BVEC2
BVEC3
BVEC4
IVEC2
IVEC3
IVEC4
MAT2
MAT3
MAT4
TYPE_NAME
unary_expression:
postfix_expression
INC_OP unary_expression
DEC_OP unary_expression
unary_operator unary_expression
// Grammar Note: No traditional style type casts.
unary_operator:
PLUS
DASH
BANG
TILDE // reserved
// Grammar Note: No '*' or '&' unary ops. Pointers are not supported.
multiplicative_expression:
unary_expression
multiplicative_expression STAR unary_expression
multiplicative_expression SLASH unary_expression
multiplicative_expression PERCENT unary_expression // reserved
additive_expression:
multiplicative_expression
additive_expression PLUS multiplicative_expression
additive_expression DASH multiplicative_expression
shift_expression:

additive_expression
shift_expression LEFT_OP additive_expression // reserved
shift_expression RIGHT_OP additive_expression // reserved
relational_expression:
shift_expression
relational_expression LEFT_ANGLE shift_expression
relational_expression RIGHT_ANGLE shift_expression
relational_expression LE_OP shift_expression
relational_expression GE_OP shift_expression
equality_expression:
relational_expression
equality_expression EQ_OP relational_expression
equality_expression NE_OP relational_expression
and_expression:
equality_expression
and_expression AMPERSAND equality_expression // reserved
exclusive_or_expression:
and_expression
exclusive_or_expression CARET and_expression // reserved
inclusive_or_expression:
exclusive_or_expression
inclusive_or_expression VERTICAL_BAR exclusive_or_expression // reserved
logical_and_expression:
inclusive_or_expression
logical_and_expression AND_OP inclusive_or_expression
logical_xor_expression:
logical_and_expression
logical_xor_expression XOR_OP logical_and_expression
logical_or_expression:
logical_xor_expression
logical_or_expression OR_OP logical_xor_expression

conditional_expression:
logical_or_expression
logical_or_expression QUESTION expression COLON assignment_expression
assignment_expression:
conditional_expression
unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression
assignment_operator:
EQUAL
MUL_ASSIGN
DIV_ASSIGN
MOD_ASSIGN // reserved
ADD_ASSIGN
SUB_ASSIGN
LEFT_ASSIGN // reserved
RIGHT_ASSIGN // reserved
AND_ASSIGN // reserved
XOR_ASSIGN // reserved
OR_ASSIGN // reserved
expression:
assignment_expression
expression COMMA assignment_expression
constant_expression:
conditional_expression
declaration:
function_prototype SEMICOLON
init_declarator_list SEMICOLON
PRECISION precision_qualifier type_specifier_no_prec SEMICOLON
function_prototype:
function_declarator RIGHT_PAREN
function_declarator:
function_header
function_header_with_parameters

function_header_with_parameters:
function_header parameter_declaration
function_header_with_parameters COMMA parameter_declaration
function_header:
fully_specified_type IDENTIFIER LEFT_PAREN
parameter_declarator:
type_specifier IDENTIFIER
type_specifier IDENTIFIER LEFT_BRACKET constant_expression RIGHT_BRACKET
parameter_declaration:
type_qualifier parameter_qualifier parameter_declarator
parameter_qualifier parameter_declarator
type_qualifier parameter_qualifier parameter_type_specifier
parameter_qualifier parameter_type_specifier
parameter_qualifier:
/* empty */
IN
OUT
INOUT
parameter_type_specifier:
type_specifier
type_specifier LEFT_BRACKET constant_expression RIGHT_BRACKET
init_declarator_list:
single_declaration
init_declarator_list COMMA IDENTIFIER
init_declarator_list COMMA IDENTIFIER LEFT_BRACKET constant_expression RIGHT_BRACKET
init_declarator_list COMMA IDENTIFIER EQUAL initializer
single_declaration:
fully_specified_type
fully_specified_type IDENTIFIER
fully_specified_type IDENTIFIER LEFT_BRACKET constant_expression RIGHT_BRACKET

fully_specified_type IDENTIFIER EQUAL initializer
INVARIANT IDENTIFIER // Vertex only.
// Grammar Note: No 'enum', or 'typedef'.
fully_specified_type:
type_specifier
type_qualifier type_specifier
type_qualifier:
CONST
ATTRIBUTE // Vertex only.
VARYING
INVARIANT VARYING
UNIFORM
type_specifier:
type_specifier_no_prec
precision_qualifier type_specifier_no_prec
type_specifier_no_prec:
VOID
FLOAT
INT
BOOL
VEC2
VEC3
VEC4
BVEC2
BVEC3
BVEC4
IVEC2
IVEC3
IVEC4
MAT2
MAT3
MAT4

SAMPLER2D
SAMPLERCUBE
struct_specifier
TYPE_NAME
precision_qualifier:
HIGH_PRECISION
MEDIUM_PRECISION
LOW_PRECISION
struct_specifier:
STRUCT IDENTIFIER LEFT_BRACE struct_declaration_list RIGHT_BRACE
STRUCT LEFT_BRACE struct_declaration_list RIGHT_BRACE
struct_declaration_list:
struct_declaration
struct_declaration_list struct_declaration
struct_declaration:
type_specifier struct_declarator_list SEMICOLON
struct_declarator_list:
struct_declarator
struct_declarator_list COMMA struct_declarator
struct_declarator:
IDENTIFIER
IDENTIFIER LEFT_BRACKET constant_expression RIGHT_BRACKET
initializer:
assignment_expression
declaration_statement:
declaration
statement:
compound_statement
simple_statement

// Grammar Note: No labeled statements; 'goto' is not supported.
simple_statement:
declaration_statement
expression_statement
selection_statement
iteration_statement
jump_statement
compound_statement:
LEFT_BRACE RIGHT_BRACE
LEFT_BRACE statement_list RIGHT_BRACE
statement_no_new_scope:
compound_statement_no_new_scope
simple_statement
compound_statement_no_new_scope:
LEFT_BRACE RIGHT_BRACE
LEFT_BRACE statement_list RIGHT_BRACE
statement_list:
statement
statement_list statement
expression_statement:
SEMICOLON
expression SEMICOLON
selection_statement:
IF LEFT_PAREN expression RIGHT_PAREN selection_rest_statement
selection_rest_statement:
statement ELSE statement
statement
// Grammar Note: No 'switch'. Switch statements not supported.
condition:

expression
fully_specified_type IDENTIFIER EQUAL initializer
iteration_statement:
WHILE LEFT_PAREN condition RIGHT_PAREN statement_no_new_scope
DO statement WHILE LEFT_PAREN expression RIGHT_PAREN SEMICOLON
FOR LEFT_PAREN for_init_statement for_rest_statement RIGHT_PAREN statement_no_new_scope
for_init_statement:
expression_statement
declaration_statement
conditionopt:
condition
/* empty */
for_rest_statement:
conditionopt SEMICOLON
conditionopt SEMICOLON expression
jump_statement:
CONTINUE SEMICOLON
BREAK SEMICOLON
RETURN SEMICOLON
RETURN expression SEMICOLON
DISCARD SEMICOLON // Fragment shader only.
// Grammar Note: No 'goto'. Gotos are not supported.
translation_unit:
external_declaration
translation_unit external_declaration
external_declaration:
function_definition
declaration
function_definition:
function_prototype compound_statement_no_new_scope