对opencv2..4.4的例程人脸识别程序,进行了精简,只处理摄像头传来的数据,挺有意思的。
#include "opencv2/objdetect/objdetect.hpp" //物体检测库
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp" //图形视频处理库
#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp" //brief The Image Processing
#include <cctype>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <stdio.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
void detectAndDraw( Mat& img, CascadeClassifier& cascade,
CascadeClassifier& nestedCascade,
double scale, bool tryflip );
string cascadeName = "haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml"; //人脸的训练数据
//string nestedCascadeName = "haarcascade_eye_tree_eyeglasses.xml"; //人眼的训练数据
string nestedCascadeName = "haarcascade_eye.xml"; //人眼的训练数据
int main()
{
//参数选项定义
CvCapture* capture = 0; //视频获取结构
Mat frame, frameCopy, image; //定义矩阵
bool tryflip = false; //反转
CascadeClassifier cascade, nestedCascade; //定义级联分类器对象
double scale = 1;
if( !cascade.load( cascadeName ) ) //加载级联分类器(人脸)
{
cerr << "ERROR: Could not load classifier cascade" << endl;
return -1;
}
if(!nestedCascade.load(nestedCascadeName)) //加载级联分类器(人眼)
{
cerr<<"ERROR: Could not load classifier nestedCascade"<<endl;
return -1;
}
capture = cvCaptureFromCAM( 0 ); //读取摄像头
cvNamedWindow( "result", 1 ); //定义显示窗口
if( capture ) //摄像头
{
cout << "In capture ..." << endl;
for(;;)
{
/*
cvQueryFrame函数从摄像头或者视频文件中抓取并返回一帧。
cvQueryFrame返回的指针总是指向同一块内存。
建议cvQueryFrame后拷贝一份。
而且返回的帧需要FLIP后才符合OPENCV的坐标系。
*/
IplImage* iplImg = cvQueryFrame( capture ); //从摄像头或文件中抓取一帧
frame = iplImg;
if( frame.empty() )
break;
if( iplImg->origin == IPL_ORIGIN_TL )
frame.copyTo( frameCopy ); //拷贝一份
else
flip( frame, frameCopy, 0 ); //反转
detectAndDraw( frameCopy, cascade, nestedCascade, scale, tryflip ); //识别并绘出
if( waitKey( 10 ) >= 0 ) //等待,处理键盘事件
goto _cleanup_;
}
waitKey(0);
_cleanup_:
cvReleaseCapture( &capture );
}else{
cerr<<"Can't read from CAM";
}
cvDestroyWindow("result"); //销毁显示窗口,释放资源
return 0;
}
void detectAndDraw( Mat& img, CascadeClassifier& cascade,
CascadeClassifier& nestedCascade,
double scale, bool tryflip )
{
int i = 0;
double t = 0;
vector<Rect> faces, faces2; //定义人脸容器
const static Scalar colors[] = { CV_RGB(0,0,255),
CV_RGB(0,128,255),
CV_RGB(0,255,255),
CV_RGB(0,255,0),
CV_RGB(255,128,0),
CV_RGB(255,255,0),
CV_RGB(255,0,0),
CV_RGB(255,0,255)} ; //定义不同的颜色表示不同的人脸
Mat gray, smallImg( cvRound (img.rows/scale), cvRound(img.cols/scale), CV_8UC1 ); //缩小图片,加快识别速度
cvtColor( img, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY ); //二值图(灰度图)
resize( gray, smallImg, smallImg.size(), 0, 0, INTER_LINEAR ); //将尺寸缩小到1/scale,用线性插值
equalizeHist( smallImg, smallImg ); //使灰度图象直方图均衡化
t = (double)cvGetTickCount(); //获取时间
/*
检测人脸
detectMultiScale函数中smallImg表示的是要检测的输入图像为smallImg,faces表示检测到的人脸目标序列,
1.1表示每次图像尺寸减小的比例为1.1,2表示每一个目标至少要被检测到3次才算是真的目标(因为周围的像素
和不同的窗口大小都可以检测到人脸),CV_HAAR_SCALE_IMAGE表示不是缩放分类器来检测,而是缩放图像,
Size(30, 30)为目标的最小最大尺寸
*/
cascade.detectMultiScale( smallImg, faces,
1.1, 2, 0
//|CV_HAAR_FIND_BIGGEST_OBJECT
//|CV_HAAR_DO_ROUGH_SEARCH
|CV_HAAR_SCALE_IMAGE,
Size(30, 30) ); //识别多目标(人脸)
if( tryflip )
{
flip(smallImg, smallImg, 1); //反转
cascade.detectMultiScale( smallImg, faces2,
1.1, 2, 0
//|CV_HAAR_FIND_BIGGEST_OBJECT
//|CV_HAAR_DO_ROUGH_SEARCH
|CV_HAAR_SCALE_IMAGE,
Size(30, 30) );
for( vector<Rect>::const_iterator r = faces2.begin(); r != faces2.end(); r++ )
{
faces.push_back(Rect(smallImg.cols - r->x - r->width, r->y, r->width, r->height)); //人脸添加进容器
}
}
t = (double)cvGetTickCount() - t; //时间
printf( "detection time = %g ms\n", t/((double)cvGetTickFrequency()*1000.) );
//绘出结果
for( vector<Rect>::const_iterator r = faces.begin(); r != faces.end(); r++, i++ )
{
Mat smallImgROI; //人眼识别区
vector<Rect> nestedObjects; //定义人眼容器
Point center;
Scalar color = colors[i%8]; //区分颜色
int radius;
double aspect_ratio = (double)r->width/r->height;
if( 0.75 < aspect_ratio && aspect_ratio < 1.3 )
{
center.x = cvRound((r->x + r->width*0.5)*scale); //还原成原来的大小
center.y = cvRound((r->y + r->height*0.5)*scale);
radius = cvRound((r->width + r->height)*0.25*scale);
circle( img, center, radius, color, 3, 8, 0 ); //画圆,标示人脸
}
else
rectangle( img, cvPoint(cvRound(r->x*scale), cvRound(r->y*scale)),
cvPoint(cvRound((r->x + r->width-1)*scale), cvRound((r->y + r->height-1)*scale)),
color, 3, 8, 0); //矩形
if( nestedCascade.empty() )
continue;
smallImgROI = smallImg(*r);
nestedCascade.detectMultiScale( smallImgROI, nestedObjects,
1.1, 2, 0
//|CV_HAAR_FIND_BIGGEST_OBJECT
//|CV_HAAR_DO_ROUGH_SEARCH
//|CV_HAAR_DO_CANNY_PRUNING
|CV_HAAR_SCALE_IMAGE,
Size(30, 30) ); //识别人眼
for( vector<Rect>::const_iterator nr = nestedObjects.begin(); nr != nestedObjects.end(); nr++ )
{
center.x = cvRound((r->x + nr->x + nr->width*0.5)*scale);
center.y = cvRound((r->y + nr->y + nr->height*0.5)*scale);
radius = cvRound((nr->width + nr->height)*0.25*scale);
circle( img, center, radius, color, 3, 8, 0 ); //标出人眼
}
}
cv::imshow( "result", img ); //显示结果
}