Android中自定义View的onMeasure以及MeasureSpec使用

一般来说，自定义控件都会去重写View的onMeasure方法，因为该方法指定该控件在屏幕上的大小。

@Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
     ///your code
    }

onMeasure传入的两个参数是由上一层控件传入的大小，有多种情况，重写该方法时需要对计算控件的实际大小，然后调用setMeasuredDimension(int, int)设置实际大小。

onMeasure传入的widthMeasureSpec和heightMeasureSpec不是一般的尺寸数值，而是将模式和尺寸组合在一起的数值。我们需要通过int mode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec)得到模式，用int size = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec)得到尺寸。

mode共有三种情况，取值分别为MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY, MeasureSpec.AT_MOST。

/**
         * Measure specification mode: The parent has not imposed any constraint
         * on the child. It can be whatever size it wants.
         */
        public static final int UNSPECIFIED = 0 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /**
         * Measure specification mode: The parent has determined an exact size
         * for the child. The child is going to be given those bounds regardless
         * of how big it wants to be.
         */
        public static final int EXACTLY     = 1 << MODE_SHIFT;

        /**
         * Measure specification mode: The child can be as large as it wants up
         * to the specified size.
         */
        public static final int AT_MOST     = 2 << MODE_SHIFT;

MeasureSpec.EXACTLY是精确尺寸，当我们将控件的layout_width或layout_height指定为具体数值时如andorid:layout_width="50dip"，或者为android:layout_width="fill_parent"，都是控件大小已经确定的情况，都是精确尺寸。

MeasureSpec.AT_MOST是最大尺寸，当控件的layout_width或layout_height指定为WRAP_CONTENT时，控件大小一般随着控件的子空间或内容进行变化，此时控件尺寸只要不超过父控件允许的最大尺寸即可。因此，此时的mode是AT_MOST，size给出了父控件允许的最大尺寸。

————也就是说此时通过 MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec)获取的size只是给出了允许的最大尺寸。

MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED是未指定尺寸，这种情况不多，一般都是父控件是AdapterView，通过measure方法传入的模式。

因此，在重写onMeasure方法时要根据模式不同进行尺寸计算。下面代码就是一种比较典型的方式：

@Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        if (mOrientation == HORIZONTAL) {
            setMeasuredDimension(measureLong(widthMeasureSpec), measureShort(heightMeasureSpec));
        } else {
            setMeasuredDimension(measureShort(widthMeasureSpec), measureLong(heightMeasureSpec));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Determines the width of this view
     *
     * @param measureSpec
     *            A measureSpec packed into an int
     * @return The width of the view, honoring constraints from measureSpec
     */
    private int measureLong(int measureSpec) {
        int result;
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);

        Log.d("TAG", "measureLong specSize="+specSize);
        //此处由于android:layout_height="fill_parent"属性
        //那么，specMode值为MeasureSpec.EXACTLY，
        //specSize计算出的值为精确值，可以直接使用
        if ((specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) || (mViewPager == null)) {
            Log.d("TAG", "measureLong MeasureSpec.EXACTLY");

            //We were told how big to be
            result = specSize;
        } else {
            Log.d("TAG", "measureLong other");
            //Calculate the width according the views count
            final int count = mViewPager.getAdapter().getCount();
            result = (int)(getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight()
                    + (count * 2 * mRadius) + (count - 1) * mRadius + 1);
            //Respect AT_MOST value if that was what is called for by measureSpec
            if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
                result = Math.min(result, specSize);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Determines the height of this view
     *
     * @param measureSpec
     *            A measureSpec packed into an int
     * @return The height of the view, honoring constraints from measureSpec
     */
    private int measureShort(int measureSpec) {
        int result;
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);

        Log.d("TAG", "measureShort specMode="+specMode);
        Log.d("TAG", "measureShort specSize="+specSize);
        //此处由于android:layout_height="wrap_content"属性
        //那么，specMode值为MeasureSpec.AT_MOST，
        //specSize计算出的值为控件允许的最大值，记住，仅仅是最大允许的值，而非实际值。
        if (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            Log.d("TAG", "measureShort MeasureSpec.EXACTLY");
            //We were told how big to be
            result = specSize;
        } else {
            Log.d("TAG", "measureShort other");
            //Measure the height
            result = (int)(2 * mRadius + getPaddingTop() + getPaddingBottom() + 1);
            //Respect AT_MOST value if that was what is called for by measureSpec
            if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
                result = Math.min(result, specSize);
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

该自定义View在xml中的布局如下：

    <com.viewpagerindicator.CirclePageIndicator
        android:id="@+id/indicator"
        android:padding="10dip"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        />