闲话少说,理论不讲,直接拷贝源码即可运行。
首先是device文件:mycdev.c
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
MODULE_AUTHOR("Boatman Yang");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
#define MYCDEV_MAJOR 231 /*the predefined mycdev's major devno*/
#define MYCDEV_SIZE 100
static int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *fp)
{
return 0;
}
static int mycdev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *fp)
{
return 0;
}
static ssize_t mycdev_read(struct file *fp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *pos)
{
unsigned long p = *pos;
unsigned int count = size;
int i;
char kernel_buf[MYCDEV_SIZE] = "This is mycdev from Boatman!";
if(p >= MYCDEV_SIZE)
return -1;
if(count > MYCDEV_SIZE)
count = MYCDEV_SIZE - p;
if (copy_to_user(buf, kernel_buf, count) != 0) {
printk("read error!\n");
return -1;
}
/*
for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
__put_user(i, buf);//write 'i' from kernel space to user space's buf;
buf++;
}
*/
printk("boatman's reader: %d bytes was read...\n", count);
return count;
}
static ssize_t mycdev_write(struct file *fp, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *pos)
{
return size;
}
/*filling the mycdev's file operation interface in the struct file_operations*/
static const struct file_operations mycdev_fops =
{
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.read = mycdev_read,
.write = mycdev_write,
.open = mycdev_open,
.release = mycdev_release,
};
/*module loading function*/
static int __init mycdev_init(void)
{
int ret;
printk("mycdev module is staring..\n");
ret=register_chrdev(MYCDEV_MAJOR,"boatman_cdev",&mycdev_fops);
if(ret<0)
{
printk("register failed..\n");
return 0;
}
else
{
printk("register success..\n");
}
return 0;
}
/*module unloading function*/
static void __exit mycdev_exit(void)
{
printk("mycdev module is leaving..\n");
unregister_chrdev(MYCDEV_MAJOR,"boatman_cdev");
}
module_init(mycdev_init);
module_exit(mycdev_exit);
然后是它的Makefile文件,如下:
obj-m:=mycdev.o
PWD:=$(shell pwd)
CUR_PATH:=$(shell uname -r)
KERNEL_PATH:=/usr/src/linux-headers-$(CUR_PATH)
all:
make -C $(KERNEL_PATH) M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
make -C $(KERNEL_PATH) M=$(PWD) clean
第三个测试程序,mycdev_test.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
int testdev;
int i, ret;
char buf[15];
testdev = open("/dev/mycdev", O_RDWR);
if (-1 == testdev) {
printf("cannot open file.\n");
exit(1);
}
if (ret = read(testdev, buf, 15) < 15) {
printf("read error!\n");
exit(1);
}
printf("%s\n", buf);
close(testdev);
return 0;
}
测试步骤:
1. 运行“make”来编译mycdev.c,会生成mycdev.ko
2. 将生成的驱动文件插入到内核:sudo insmod mycdev.ko
3. 通过cat /proc/devices 查看系统中未使用的字符设备主设备号,比如当前231未使用;
4. 创建设备文件结点:sudo mknod /dev/mycdev c 231 0;具体使用方法通过man mknod命令查看;
5. 修改设备文件权限:sudo chmod 777 /dev/mycdev;
以上成功完成后,编译本用户态测试程序;运行该程序查看结果(如有必要可以通过dmesg查看日志信息);