Android中的UI线程：当一个程序第一次启动时，Android会同时启动一个对应的主线程（Main Thread），主线程主要负责处理与UI相关的事件，如用户的按键事件，用户接触屏幕的事件以及屏幕绘图事件，并把相关的事件分发到对应的组件进行处理。所以主线程通常又被叫做UI线程。当App做一些比较重（intensive）的工作的时候，除非你合理地实现，否则单线程模型的performance会很poor。特别的是，如果所有的工作都在UI线程，做一些比较耗时的工作比如访问网络或者数据库查询，都会阻塞UI线程，导致事件停止分发（包括绘制事件）。对于用户来说，应用看起来像是卡住了，更坏的情况是，如果UI线程blocked的时间太长（大约超过5秒），用户就会看到ANR（application not responding）的对话框。在开发Android应用时必须遵守单线程模型的原则： Android UI操作并不是线程安全的并且这些操作必须在UI线程中执行。（转）
http://android.blog.51cto.com/268543/343823/
http://blog.csdn.net/mylzc/article/details/6736988
上面两篇BLOG都写的非常好，参照上面两个BLOG自己动手实践了一下，整理：
1.Handler+message+Looper+Thread实现异步处理：
private final Handler handler=new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()){
public void handleMessage(Message msg){
switch(msg.what){
case MESSAGE_SUCCESS:
myImageView.setImageBitmap((Bitmap)msg.obj);
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "成功",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break;
case MESSAGE_ERROR:
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "失败", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break;
}
}
};
Runnable runable=new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
try {
Log.v("Status", "加载中");
URL url=new URL("http://csdnimg.cn/www/images/csdnindex_logo.gif");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(3000);
int code = conn.getResponseCode();
Log.v("CODE", code+"");
if (code == 200) {
final Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(conn.getInputStream());// 转化为图片
handler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_SUCCESS,bm).sendToTarget();//获取图片成功，向ui线程发送MSG_SUCCESS标识和bitmap对象
}
Log.v("Status", "加载完成");
} catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
//handler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_ERROR).sendToTarget();//获取图片失败
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
//handler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_ERROR).sendToTarget();//获取图片失败
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
myButton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
myImageView=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
myProgressBar=(ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.progressBar1);
myButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(myThread==null){
myThread=new Thread(runable);
myThread.start();
}else{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "正在加载",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
});
}2.Android框架为每个应用的主线程创建了一个隐式的handler，使用post方法的原理就是给这个隐式的handler发送一个Runnable对象，然后隐式的handler会在ui线程执行Runnable对象的run()方法。
Runnable runable=new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
try {
Log.v("Status", "加载中");
URL url=new URL("http://csdnimg.cn/www/images/csdnindex_logo.gif");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(3000);
int code = conn.getResponseCode();
Log.v("CODE", code+"");
if (code == 200) {
final Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(conn.getInputStream());// 转化为图片
myImageView.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
myImageView.setImageBitmap(bm);
}
});
}
Log.v("Status", "加载完成");
} catch (MalformedURLException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
myButton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
myImageView=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
myProgressBar=(ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.progressBar1);
myButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(myThread==null){
myThread=new Thread(runable);
myThread.start();
}else{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "正在加载",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
});
}3.AsyncTask实现异步：
class downloadImageTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Bitmap>{
@Override
protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... params) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
URL url;
try {
url = new URL(params[0]);
HttpURLConnection conn;
conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(3000);
publishProgress(40);
int code = conn.getResponseCode();
Log.v("CODE", code+"");
if (code == 200) {
Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(conn.getInputStream());// 转化为图片
publishProgress(100);
return bm;
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
myProgressBar.setProgress(0);
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values){
myProgressBar.setProgress(values[0]);
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap result){
if(result!=null){
myImageView.setImageBitmap(result);
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "成功",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}else{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "失败",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
@Override
protected void onCancelled(){
myProgressBar.setProgress(0);
}
}@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
myButton=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
myImageView=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
myProgressBar=(ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.progressBar1);
myButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
downloadImageTask myTask=new downloadImageTask();
myTask.execute("http://csdnimg.cn/www/images/csdnindex_logo.gif");
}
});
}
注：java中，实例化Handler有两种方法：第一是写一个你自己的类例如myHandler,继承Handler,重写handleMessage方法。第二种是使用内部匿名类，例如：Handler handler=new Handler(){ public void handleMessage(Message msg)｛｝}.
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