OC编程题1

1. 掷骰子题，掷骰子100次，输出每个号出现的次数

typedef struct
{
    int diceNum;
    int count;
} myDiceDate;
void test1()
{
    myDiceDate dicedate[6] = {{1,0},{2,0},{3,0},{4,0},{5,0},{6,0}};
    for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
    {
        int current = (arc4random()%6)+1; // 表示值的范围[1,6]
        for(int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
        {
            if(current == dicedate[j].diceNum)
            {
                dicedate[j].count+=1;
                continue;
            }
        }
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
    {
        NSLog(@"%i出现的次数%i",dicedate[i].diceNum,dicedate[i].count);
    }
}

2. 输出一个字符串中每个字符出现的次数

void test2()
{
    NSString *str1 = @"abcegsdfjkflajfkjhjfajkfakjfdsafhjfkdsahfa";
    NSMutableDictionary *dictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary]; //创建字典集合
    for(int i = 0; i < [str1 length]; i++)
    {
        char c = [str1 characterAtIndex:i]; //获取字符串对应的字符
        id value = [dictionary objectForKey:@(c)]; //获取字典表中对应的value
        int num = [value intValue] + 1; //获取当前字符已出现的次数
        [dictionary setObject:@(num) forKey:@(c)];
    }
    
    [dictionary enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id key,id value,BOOL *stop)
     {
         NSLog(@"%c-----%@",[key charValue],value);
     }];
}

3. 现在有一个有序的数组，要求用户输入一个整数放到数组中还保证这个数组是有序的。例如原数组为@[@1，@3，@5，@7，@9];插入8之后为@[@1，@3，@5，@7，@8，@9]；

void test3()
{
    NSArray *array = @[@1, @3, @5, @7, @9];
    int num = 8;
    int location = arrayOrder(array, num);
    NSMutableArray *mutableArray = [NSMutableArray array];
    [mutableArray addObjectsFromArray:array];
    [mutableArray insertObject:@(num) atIndex:@(location)];
    NSLog(@"%@",mutableArray);
}

#pragma mark 返回要插入数的位置
int arrayOrder(NSArray *array,int num)
{
    int start = 0; //循环开始位置
    int end = array.count-1; //循环结束位置
    int medium ; //数组中间值
    while(start <= end)
    {
        medium = (start + end) / 2;
        if(num > [array[medium] intValue])
        {
            start = medium+1;
        }
        else
        {
            end = medium-1;
        }
    }
    
    return start;//返回要插入的位置
}

4. 现有如下定义的字符串： NSString *str=@“itheimaAndroid”,能对该字符串进行修改请输出删除Android后的新字符串

void test4()
{
    NSString *str = @"itheimaAndroid";
    NSRange range = [str rangeOfString:@"Android"];
    NSString *newStr = [str substringToIndex:range.location];
    NSLog(@"%@",newStr);
}

5. 求出1.2.3.4四个数，随意组成一个里面没有相同数字的三位数，总共有多少种组合方式

void test5()
{
    int count = 0; //存放组合方式
    for(int i = 1; i < 5; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 1; j < 5; j++)
        {
            for(int k = 1; k < 5;k++)
            {
                if(i != j && i != k && j != k)
                {
                    NSLog(@"%d%d%d",i,j,k);
                    count++;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    NSLog(@"总共有%d种组合方式",count);
}

6. 求100以内3的倍数

void test6()
{
    for(int i = 3; i < 101; i+=3)
    {
        if(i % 3 == 0)
        {
            NSLog(@"%d",i);
        }
    }
}

7. 深复制，浅复制的问题，随便一个NSArray，用代码创建一个可变和一个不可变数组，他们是深复制还是浅复制

void test7()
{
    NSArray *array1 = @[@"zhangsan",@"lisi",@"wangwu",@"zhaoliu",@"tianqi"];
    //创建不可变数组
    NSArray *array2 = [array1 copy];
    NSLog(@"array2 = %@",array2);
    NSLog(@"拷贝的array2数组是不可变数组，这属于浅复制，源对象和副本对象指向的是同一个对象");
    
    //创建可变数组
    NSMutableArray *array3 = [array1 mutableCopy];
    //给array3添加内容
    [array3 addObject:@"wangba"];
    //打印array1内容
    NSLog(@"array1 = %@",array1);
    //打印array3内容
    NSLog(@"array3 = %@",array3);
    NSLog(@"拷贝的array3数组是可变数组，这属于深复制，源对象和副本对象指向的是两个不同的对象，修改新对象的内容不会影响原来的对象");
}

8. 遍历NSArray、NSDictionary（知道几种写几种）

void test8()
{
    //NSArray
    NSArray *array1 = @[@"张三",@"李四",@"王五",@"赵六",@"钱七",@"王八"];
    //直接输出NSArray
    NSLog(@"array = %@",array1);
    //普通遍历
    for(int i = 0; i < array1.count; i++)
    {
        NSLog(@"%d-----%@", i, [array1 objectAtIndex:i]);
    }
    //快速遍历
    for(NSString *item in array1)
    {
        NSLog(@"%@",item);
    }
    //利用block输出
    [array1 enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) {
        NSLog(@"%zd---------%@",idx,obj);
    }];
    
    
    //NSDictionary
    NSDictionary *dict1 = @{@"name":@"张三",
                            @"age":@18,
                            @"QQ":@"12324355245",
                            @"tel":@"154535545235"};
    //直接输出
    NSLog(@"dict1 = %@",dict1);
    //利用普通for循环输出
    NSArray *allKeys = [dict1 allKeys];
    for(int i = 0; i < allKeys.count; i++)
    {
        NSLog(@"%@ = %@", allKeys[i], dict1[allKeys[i]]);
    }
    //快速遍历
    for(NSString *item in dict1.allKeys)
    {
        NSLog(@"%@ = %@", item, dict1[item]);
    }
    //使用block
    [dict1 enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id key, id obj, BOOL *stop) {
        NSLog(@"%@ = %@",key,obj);
    }];
}

9. 利用分类给NSString扩展3个方法：<1>字符串反转(比如@"123"调用方法后返回@"321")；<2>计算英文字母的个数(比如@"5435abc54abc3AHJ5"调用方法后返回的是9)；<3>去除字符串两端空格(比如@" 1235 45 "调用方法后返回@"1235 45")；

@interface NSString(LPY)
//字符串反转
+ (NSString *) stringWithReverse:(NSString *)rString;
- (NSString *) initWithReverse;

//计算英文字母的个数
+ (NSUInteger) stringWithCharacterLength:(NSString *)lString;
- (NSUInteger) initWithCharacterLength;

//去除字符串两端空格
+ (NSString *) stringWithTrim:(NSString *)tString;
- (NSString *) initWithTrim;
@end

@implementation NSString(LPY)
//字符串反转
+ (NSString *) stringWithReverse:(NSString *)rString
{
    NSMutableString *str = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:rString];
    NSUInteger rLength = str.length;
    for(int i = 0; i < rLength / 2; i++)
    {
        //交换 i 与 str.length - i 两个变量的值
        char tmp = [str characterAtIndex:i];
        NSUInteger rindex = rLength - 1 - i;
        char rtmp = [str characterAtIndex:rindex];
        [str replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(i, 1) withString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c",rtmp]];
        [str replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(rindex, 1) withString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c",tmp]];
    }
    return str;
}

- (NSString *) initWithReverse
{
    return [NSString stringWithReverse:self];
}

//计算英文字母个数
+ (NSUInteger) stringWithCharacterLength:(NSString *)lString
{
    NSUInteger count = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < lString.length; i++)
    {
        char tmp = [lString characterAtIndex:i];
        if((tmp >= 'a' && tmp <= 'z') || (tmp >= 'A' && tmp <= 'Z'))
        {
            count++;
        }
    }
    return count;
}

- (NSUInteger) initWithCharacterLength
{
    return [NSString stringWithCharacterLength:self];
}

//去除字符串两端空格
+ (NSString *) stringWithTrim:(NSString *)tString
{
    NSMutableString *str = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:tString];
    NSUInteger index = 0;
    //去除左边空格
    while ([[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c",[str characterAtIndex:index]] isEqualToString:@" "])
    {
        [str deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(index, 1)];
    }
    //去除右边空格
    while([[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c",[str characterAtIndex:str.length - 1]] isEqualToString:@" "])
    {
        [str deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(str.length - 1, 1)];
    }
    return str;
}

- (NSString *) initWithTrim
{
    return [NSString stringWithTrim:self];
}
@end

void test9()
{
    //字符串反转
    NSString *str = @"abcdefg";
    //类方法
    NSString *rStr1 = [NSString stringWithReverse:str];
    NSLog(@"%@反转后:%@",str,rStr1);
    //对象方法
    NSString *rStr2 = [str initWithReverse];
    NSLog(@"%@反转后:%@",str,rStr2);
    
    //求字符串中字母的个数
    NSString *str2 = @"5435abc54abc3AHJ5";
    //类方法
    NSUInteger count1 = [NSString stringWithCharacterLength:str2];
    NSLog(@"%@的字母个数为：%ld",str2,count1);
    //对象方法
    NSUInteger count2 = [str2 initWithCharacterLength];
    NSLog(@"%@的字母个数为：%ld",str2,count2);
    
    //去除字符串两端空格
    NSString *str3 = @"     1235 45 ";
    //对象方法
    NSString *tStr1 = [NSString stringWithTrim:str3];
    NSLog(@"%@去除两端空格：%@",str3,tStr1);
    //类方法
    NSString *tStr2 = [str3 initWithTrim];
    NSLog(@"%@去除两端空格：%@",str3,tStr2);
}