ContentProvider主要是提供了我们访问数据的统一接口,一旦一个类继承了ContengProvider,我们就会称这个应用程序为ContengProvider(内容提供者)
使用ContentProvider的步骤:
1、写一个类继承ContentProvider,并改写其中的一些方法。
2、在AndroidManifest.xml文件中声明你所定义的provider
在使用ContentProvider之前先要了解两个类的使用:
UriMatcher:
UriMatcher类用于匹配Uri,它的用法如下:
首先第一步把你需要匹配Uri路径全部给注册上,如下:
//
常量
UriMatcher.NO_MATCH
表示不匹配任何路径的返回码
UriMatcher sMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
//
如果
match()
方法匹配
content://cn.itcast.provider.personprovider/person
路径,返回匹配码为
1
sMatcher.addURI(
“
cn.itcast.provider.personprovider
”
,
“
person
”
, 1);//
添加需要匹配
uri
,如果匹配就会返回匹配码
//
如果
match()
方法匹配
content://cn.itcast.provider.personprovider/person/230
路径,返回匹配码为
2
sMatcher.addURI(“cn.itcast.provider.personprovider”, “person/#”, 2);
//#
号为通配符
ContentUris:
ContentUris类用于获取Uri路径后面的ID部分,它有两个比较实用的方法:
withAppendedId(uri, id)用于为路径加上ID部分:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://cn.itcast.provider.personprovider/person")
Uri resultUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, 10);
//
生成后的
Uri
为:
content://cn.itcast.provid
er.personprovider/person/10
parseId(uri)方法用于从路径中获取ID部分:
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://cn.itcast.provider.personprovider/person/10")
long personid = ContentUris.parseId(uri);//
获取的结果为
:10
下面开始使用ContentProvider:
1、定义一个类,继承SQLiteOpenHelper
public class MyDBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper
{
public static final int VERSION=1;
public static final String DB_NAME="gjun";
public MyDBHelper(Context context)
{
super(context, DB_NAME, null, VERSION);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//通常在此创建数据库中的表
db.execSQL("create table student(id integer primary key autoincrement,name varchar(20))");
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
2、定义一个类,继承了ContentProvider
public class MyProvider extends ContentProvider
{
private MyDBHelper helper;
private SQLiteDatabase db;
private static final String AUTHORI="com.provider.db.myprovider";
private static final int ITEM=1;
private static final int ITEMS=2;
private static final String CONTENT_URI="content://com.provider.db.myprovider";
private static final UriMatcher matcher;
static
{
matcher=new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
matcher.addURI(AUTHORI,"student",ITEMS);
matcher.addURI(AUTHORI,"student/#",ITEM);
}
@Override
public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch(matcher.match(uri))
{
case ITEM:
int num=0;
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
long id=ContentUris.parseId(uri);
sb.append("id="+id);
db=helper.getWritableDatabase();
if(selection!=null && !selection.equals(""))
{
sb.append(" and selection");
}
num=db.delete("student",sb.toString(),selectionArgs);
return num;
case ITEMS:
db=helper.getWritableDatabase();
num=db.delete("student", selection,selectionArgs);
return num;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("UnKnow Uri:"+uri.toString());
}
}
@Override
public String getType(Uri uri)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch(matcher.match(uri))
{
case ITEM:
return "vnd.android.cursor.item/student";
case ITEMS:
return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/student";
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("UnKnow URI:"+uri.toString());
}
}
@Override
public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
long id=0;
Uri result=null;
switch(matcher.match(uri))
{
case ITEM:
db=helper.getWritableDatabase();
id=db.insert("student", null, values);
result=Uri.parse(uri.toString().substring(0, uri.toString().lastIndexOf("/")+1));
ContentUris.withAppendedId(result, id);
return result;
case ITEMS:
db=helper.getWritableDatabase();
id=db.insert("student", null, values);
result=ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, id);
return result;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("UnKnow URI:"+uri.toString());
}
}
@Override
public boolean onCreate()
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
helper=new MyDBHelper(this.getContext());
return true;
}
@Override
public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
db=helper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor=null;
switch(matcher.match(uri))
{
case ITEM:
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
long id=ContentUris.parseId(uri);
sb.append("id="+id);
if(selection!=null && selection.equals(""))
{
sb.append("and selection");
}
cursor=db.query("student", projection, sb.toString(), selectionArgs,null, null,sortOrder);
return cursor;
case ITEMS:
return db.query("student", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("UnKnow URI:"+uri.toString());
}
}
@Override
public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
String[] selectionArgs)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
db=helper.getWritableDatabase();
int num=0;
switch(matcher.match(uri))
{
case ITEM:
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
long id=ContentUris.parseId(uri);
sb.append("id="+id);
if(selection!=null && selection.equals(""))
{
sb.append("and selection");
}
num=db.update("student", values, sb.toString(), selectionArgs);
return num;
case ITEMS:
num=db.update("student", values, selection, selectionArgs);
return num;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("UnKnow URI:"+uri.toString());
}
}
}
3、编写一个测试类
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener
{
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
private Button btnadd=null;
private Button btnadds=null;
private Button btndel=null;
private Button btndels=null;
private Button btnupdate=null;
private Button btnupdates=null;
private Button btnfind=null;
private Button btnfinds=null;
private ContentResolver resolver=null;
private Uri uri=Uri.parse("content://com.provider.db.myprovider/student");
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
init();
initListener();
resolver=this.getContentResolver();
}
public void init()
{
btnadd=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnadd);
btnadds=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnadds);
btndel=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btndel);
btndels=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btndels);
btnupdate=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnupdate);
btnupdates=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnupdates);
btnfind=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnfind);
btnfinds=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnfinds);
}
public void initListener()
{
btnadd.setOnClickListener(this);
btnadds.setOnClickListener(this);
btndel.setOnClickListener(this);
btndels.setOnClickListener(this);
btnupdate.setOnClickListener(this);
btnupdates.setOnClickListener(this);
btnfind.setOnClickListener(this);
btnfinds.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Uri nowuri=null;
if(v.getId()==R.id.btnadd)
{
nowuri=ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, 1);
ContentValues cv=new ContentValues();
cv.put("name", "gavin");
resolver.insert(nowuri,cv);
Toast.makeText(this, "添加用戶成功!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else if(v.getId()==R.id.btnadds)
{
ContentValues cv=new ContentValues();
cv.put("name", "tom");
resolver.insert(uri,cv);
Toast.makeText(this, "添加用戶成功!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else if(v.getId()==R.id.btndel)
{
nowuri=ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, 1);
resolver.delete(nowuri, null, null);
Toast.makeText(this, "刪除單個用戶成功!!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else if(v.getId()==R.id.btndels)
{
resolver.delete(uri, null, null);
Toast.makeText(this, "刪除所有用戶成功!!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else if(v.getId()==R.id.btnfind)
{
nowuri=ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, 6);
Cursor cursor=resolver.query(nowuri, null, null, null, null);
cursor.moveToFirst();
int id=cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("id"));
String name=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
Toast.makeText(this, "id"+id+" name"+name,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else if(v.getId()==R.id.btnfinds)
{
Cursor cursor=resolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
cursor.move(2);
int id=cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("id"));
String name=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
Toast.makeText(this, "id"+id+" name"+name,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else if(v.getId()==R.id.btnupdate)
{
nowuri=ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, 6);
ContentValues cv=new ContentValues();
cv.put("name", "jack");
resolver.update(nowuri,cv,null,null);
}else if(v.getId()==R.id.btnupdates)
{
ContentValues cv=new ContentValues();
cv.put("name", "jack");
resolver.update(uri,cv,null,null);
}
}
}